MP Board Class 8th Social Science Solutions Chapter 8 British Policies and Administration in India After 1858
MP Board Class 8th Social Science Chapter 8 Text Book Exercise
Choose the correct option of the following questions
Mp Board Class 8 Social Science Solution Chapter 8 Question 1.
The Proclamation of Queen Victoria were made in:
(a) 1757
(b) 3858
(c) 1957
(d) 1965
Answer:
(b) 3858
Mp Board Class 8 Social Science Chapter 8 Question 2.
The rule of India entrusted into hands of Queen of England.
(a) By 1858 Act
(b) By 1861 Act
(c) By 1865 Act
(d) By 1876 Act
Answer:
(a) By 1858 Act
British Policies And Administration In India After 1858 Question 3.
First Municipality in India was established:
(a) In 1865 at Madras
(b) In 1J867 in Bengal
(c) In 1868 in Uttar Pradesh
(d) None of the above
Answer:
(d) None of the above
Class 8 Social Science Chapter 8 Mp Board Question 5.
The head of Indian Secretariat was called:
(a) Indian Secretary
(b) Viceroy
(c) Governor General
(d) Secretary
Answer:
(a) Indian Secretary
Fill in the blanks:
- To help Viceroy a members …………. council was formed.
- The British economic policies were formed to protect the interests of …………..
- In 1876 the minimum age for Civil Services was …………..
- To implement Wood Proposals Lord Rippon constituted ………… Commission.
Answer:
- Four
- Britishers
- 19
- Hunter
MP Board Class 8th Social Science Chapter 8 Very Short Answer Type Questions
Question 1.
By which Act Queen of England was made Empress of India.
Answer:
By Ordinance of 1858.
Question 2.
After 1858 how was the Governor General Addressed.
Answer:
The Governor General was addressed as Viceroy.
Question 3.
Who was called the father of local governance?
Answer:
Lord Rippon.
MP Board Class 8th Social Science Chapter 8 Short Answer Type Questions
Question 1.
Describe the proclamation of Queen in short.
Answer:
The rule of the company was replaced by rule of the Crown. The Company territories were now governed by English government. Indian people and rulers got some rights and privileges.
Question 2.
What changes were made by 1861 Act.
Answer:
The Legislative Council was enlarged by the addition of 6 to 12 more members and also introduced provincial councils.
Question 3.
Describe the administrative division after 1858.
Answer:
It transferred power to British crown. A minister called the Secretary of State for India was made responsible for the government of India to the British Parliament. Viceroy replaced Governor General title.
MP Board Class 8th Social Science Chapter 8 Long Answer Type Questions
Question 1.
Write about the decisions of 1858 Act.
Answer:
The decisions of 1858 Act are:
1. The control of India passed on completely to British Government. It was announced that India would be governed by and in the name of the British monarch through a Secretary of State.
2. Before 1858, there were two bodies in Britain which controlled the British policies in India, viz, the Board of Control and the Court of Directors of the East India Company. Now a minister of the British Government called the Secretary of State for India, was given complete control over the Government of India. Like other ministers of the British Government, he was responsible to the British Parliament.
3. To advise the Secretary of State, the Indian Council was created. This Council had no real powers and could only advise the Secretary of State who could ignore the advise of the Council at any time the liked.
4. Before 1858, the Governor General generally acted on his own within the framework of the general policies laid down in Britain. The advanced means of transport and communication reduced the freedom enjoyed by the earlier Governor Generals of India. Now, the Viceroy had to inform the latest developments of India to the Secretary of State thereafter he was to work according to his instructions and others.
Question 2.
Write short note on Army Organisation?
Answer:
Before 1858, the Presidencies of Bombay, Madras and Calcutta had their separate armies. Each Presidency consisted of the Indian soldiers, units of the European soldiers and the regiments of the British soldiers – the latter two were combined.
In 1859, the armies of the three Presidencies were unified and the entire army, of the British India came under the control of the commander – in – chief. The Indian soldiers were excluded from the artillery and the arsenals; The number of the European soldiers was increased. For every two Indian soldiers, one European soldier was recruited. All the officers in the army were to be the Europeans.
Question 3.
Give short Information about the local administration in brief.
Answer:
After 1857, the British government encouraged the local government units such as the municipalities and district boards. Thus, the system of administration was decentralized. The local bodies were given the tasks of providing education, health services, water supply, and the like to the people. Some important changes were made in the local government in 1882, the old system was broken down.
Matters like sanitation, roads, water supply and street lighting were neglected. After 1857, Municipal committees were set up in towns, they levied taxes to meet expenditure on local administration and works. After 1882, the district boards were set up but they consisted of only officials and not elected members. After 1882, the elected members were introduced but only with property were entitled to vote.
Question 4.
Evaluate the British economic policies in precise?
Answer:
British government reorganized the financial administration after 1858. The economic policies followed by Britishers drained the Indian resources and help the Britishers. The British government abolished the tax on Import and allowed free trade in India.
This lured lot of foreign companies to India and caused disastrous effect on Indian industries. The prominent industries that suffered due to the British financial policy were Jute, Indigo, Textiles, Woolen, Tea, Rubber, Coffee, Coal, Iron, and Steam ships. The financial policy of British government completely halted the progress of India.
Question 5.
Describe the British education policy.
Answer:
The British education policy was not for the welfare of Indians but was more for promoting Christian religion and imparting English education. Missionaries established in 1820 promoted English language. In 1854 Woods proposals suggested to promote English languages with other Indian languages.
There was proposal to train teachers and to provide financial grant to educational institutions on secular basis. In 1904 University Act was passed for affiliation of the University and to appoint professors. The 1919 Act entrusted the responsibility of education to provincial councils. The British education policy played a major role in motivating Indians towards nationality