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MP Board Class 8th Sanskrit Solutions Surbhi Chapter 9 वसन्तोत्सवः

MP Board Class 8th Sanskrit Chapter 9 अभ्यासः

Mp Board Class 8 Sanskrit Chapter 9 प्रश्न 1.
एकपदेन उत्तरं लिखत(एक शब्द में उत्तर लिखो-)
(क) वसन्तपञ्चमी कस्य आगमनं सूचयति? (वसन्त पञ्चमी किसके आगमन को सूचित करती है?)
उत्तर:
ऋतुराजवसन्तस्य (ऋतुराज वसन्त के)

(ख) केषु नूतनकिसलयरागः राजते? (किन पर नये पत्तों की शोभा सुशोभित होती है?)
उत्तर:
वृक्षेषु। (पेड़ों पर)

(ग) केकिलानां मधुरस्वरः किम् आकर्षित? (कोयलों का मधुर स्वर किसको आकर्षित करता है?)
उत्तर:
चित्तम्। (मन को)

(घ) वसन्तोत्सवे कस्याः पूजनम् भवति? (वसन्त उत्सव में किसका पूजन होता है।)
उत्तर:
सरस्वत्याः। (सरस्वती का)

(ङ) ज्ञानस्य अधिष्ठात्री देवी का? (ज्ञान की मुख्य देवी कौन है?)
उत्तर:
शारदा। (सरस्वती)

Class 8 Sanskrit Chapter 9 Mp Board प्रश्न 2.
एकवाक्येन उत्तरं लिखत(एक वाक्य में उत्तर लिखो-)
(क) ऋतुराजवसन्तस्य आगमन-सूचना कदा भवति? (ऋतुराज वसन्त के आगमन की सूचना कब होती है?)
उत्तर:
ऋतुराजवसन्तस्य आगमन-सूचना माघमासस्य शुक्लपक्षस्य पञ्चम्यां तिथौ भवति। (ऋतुराज वसन्त के आगमन की सूचना माघ महीने के शुक्ल पक्ष की पंचमी तिथि को होती है।)

(ख) आमेषु कीदृशाःभ्रमराः दृश्यन्ते? (आमों पर कैसे भंवरे दिखाई देते है?)
उत्तर:
आनेषु भ्रमन्तः भ्रमराः दृश्यन्ते? (आमों पर घूमते हुए भंवरे दिखाई देते हैं।)

(ग) तमिलनाडुराज्ये जनाः शारदां कथम् अर्चयन्ति। (तमिलनाडु राज्य में लोग शारदा को कैसे पूजते हैं?)
उत्तर:
तमिलनाडुराज्ये जनाः प्रकाशितान् हस्तलिखितान् ग्रन्थान् एकस्याम् पीठिकायां संस्थाप्य विविधैः उपचारैः शारदां अर्चयन्ति। (तमिलनाडु राज्य में लोग प्रकाशित हस्तलिखित ग्रन्थों को एक चौकी पर रखकर विभिन्न पूजा की विधियों से शारदा की पूजा करते हैं।)

(घ) वसन्तोत्सवः किं किं द्योतयति? (वसन्तोत्सव क्या-क्या प्रकट करता है।)
उत्तर:
वसन्तोत्सवः भारतीयानां उत्सवप्रियतायाः शास्त्रीयं, सामाजिक तथा वैज्ञानिक चिन्तनं अपि द्योतयति। (वसन्तोत्सव भारतीयों की उत्सव प्रियता की शास्त्रीय, सामाजिक तथा वैज्ञानिक सोच को भी प्रकट करता है।)

(ङ) उत्तरभारते कुत्र-कुत्र सरस्वतीपूजनं बहुमान्यम् अस्ति? (उत्तरभारत में कहाँ-कहाँ सरस्वती पूजा बहुत मान्य है?)
उत्तर:
उत्तर भारते बिहार प्रान्ते, बङ्गालप्रान्ते तथा काश्मीर प्रदेशे सरस्वतीपूजनं बहुमान्यम् अस्ति। (उत्तर भारत में बिहार प्रान्त में, बंगाल प्रान्त में तथा कश्मीर प्रदेश में सरस्वती पूजा बहुत मान्य है।)

Mp Board Class 8 Sanskrit Solution Chapter 9 प्रश्न 3.
प्रश्ननिर्माणं कुरुत (रेखांकितपदम् आधृत्य) [प्रश्न निर्माण करो (रेखांकित शब्द के आधार पर])
(क) विविधैः पुष्पैः ऋतुराजस्य स्वागतम् भवति। (विविध पुष्पों के द्वारा ऋतुराज का स्वागत होता है।)
उत्तर:
विविधैः पुष्पैः कस्य स्वागतम् भवति? (विविध पुष्पों के द्वारा किसका स्वागत होता है?)

(ख) पुस्तकानाम् अपि पूजनम् भवति। (पुस्तकों का भी पूजन होता है।)
उत्तर:
केषाम् अपि पूजनम् भवति? (किनका पूजन भी होता है?)

(ग) शारदाम् अर्चयन्ति। (शारदा की अर्चना करते हैं।)
उत्तर:
काम् अर्चयन्ति? (किसकी अर्चना करते हैं?)

(घ) सौन्दर्य कामयिंतु वसन्तपूजनम् भवति। (सुन्दरता की कामना के लिए वसन्त पूजा होती
उत्तर :
सौन्दर्य कामयितु किम् भवति? (सुन्दरता की कामना के लिए क्या होती है?)

(ङ) श्रीपञ्चमीनाम्ना वसन्तपञ्चमी ज्ञायते। (श्रीपंचमी नाम से वसन्तपंचमी जानी जाती है।)
उत्तर:
श्री पञ्चमीनाम्ना का ज्ञायते? (श्रीपंचमी नाम से क्या जानी जाती है।)

Sanskrit Class 8 Mp Board प्रश्न 4.
अर्थानुसारं युग्मानि योजयत (अर्थ के अनुसार जोड़े मिलाओ-)

उत्तर:
(क) → (iii)
(ख) → (v)
(ग) → (i)
(घ) → (ii)
(ङ) → (iv)

Mp Board Class 8 Sanskrit प्रश्न 5.
नामोल्लेखपूर्वकं समासविग्रह कुरुत (नाम का उल्लेख करते हुए समास विग्रह करो-)
(क) सरस्वतीपूजनम्
(ख) वसन्तसमये
(ग) प्राचीनकाले
(घ) वसन्तोत्सवः।
उत्तर:

एमपी बोर्ड क्लास 8th संस्कृत प्रश्न 6.
नामोल्लेखपूर्वकं सन्धिविच्छेदं कुरुत (नाम का उल्लेख करते हुए सन्धि-विच्छेद करो-)
(क) चरमोत्कर्षम्
(ख) पुराणेष्वपि
(ग) पूजनमपि
(घ) सममेव।
उत्तर:

Class 8 Sanskrit Mp Board प्रश्न 7.
पाठात् पञ्च अव्ययानि चित्वा लिखत। (पाठ में से पाँच अव्यय चुनकर लिखो।)
उत्तर:
(क) अपि:
(ख) सर्वत्र
(ग) च
(घ) अधुना
(ङ) एव।

वसन्तोत्सवः हिन्दी अनुवाद

माघमासस्य शुक्लपक्षस्य पञ्चम्यां तिथौ ऋतुराजवसन्तस्य आगमनसूचना भवति। वसन्तपञ्चमी श्रीपञ्चमी नाम्ना अपि. ज्ञायते। अस्मिन् समये प्रकृतेः सौन्दर्यं चरमोत्कर्ष प्राप्नोति। सर्वत्र रमणीयतायाः दर्शनं भवति। वृक्षेषु नूतनकिसलयरागः राजते। क्षेत्रेषु सर्षपपुष्याणां सुषमा पीतिमा च मनोहारिणी दृश्यते। आनेषु मञ्जरीम् परितः भ्रमन्तः भ्रमराः दृश्यन्ते। कोकिलानां मधुरस्वरः चित्तम् आकर्षति। वसन्तसमये सर्वत्र रमणीयतायाः दर्शनम् भवति। वसन्तोत्सवे शीतकालस्य अनन्तरम् परम्परया सौन्दर्यस्य पूजनं क्रियते। विविधैः पुष्पैः, नवान्नैः, फलैः च ऋतुराजस्य वसन्तस्य स्वागतम् भवति। एषः उत्सवः सौन्दर्यस्य रमणीयतायाः पुष्याणां, किसलयानां मधुरागमनस्य च उत्सवः अस्ति।

अनुवाद :
माघ के महीने की शुक्ल पक्ष की पंचमी तिथि को ऋतुओं के राजा वसन्त के आगमन की सूचना होती है वसन्त पंचमी को ‘श्री पंचमी’ के नाम से भी जाना जाता है। इस समय प्रकृति की सुन्दरता अत्यधिक उन्नति को प्राप्त करती है। सब जगह सुन्दरता के दर्शन होते हैं। पेड़ों पर नवीन पत्तों की शोभा सुशोभित होती है। खेतों में सरसों के फूलों की अत्यधिक शोभा और पीलापन मन को हरने वाला दिखाई देता है। आम के पेड़ों पर बौरों के चारों ओर घूमते हुए भँवरे दिखाई देते हैं। कोयलों का मधुर स्वर मन को आकर्षित करता है। वसन्त के समय में सब जगह सुन्दरता के दर्शन होते हैं। वसन्त के उत्सव में शीतकाल के बाद परम्परा से सुन्दरता का पूजन किया जाता है। अनेक फूलों, नये अन्नों और फलों से ऋतुओं के राजा वसन्त का स्वागत होता है। यह उत्सव सुन्दरता मनोहरता फूलों और पल्लवों के मधुर आगमन का उत्सव होता है।

वसन्तोत्सवस्य द्वितीयपक्षः अधिकः महनीयः अस्ति। भारते वसन्तवेलायां भगवत्याः सरस्वत्याः आराधनस्य अपि परम्परा विद्यते। वसन्तपञ्चमी ज्ञानस्य उपासनायाः आराधनायाः उत्सवः अस्ति। प्राचीनकाले वसन्तपञ्चम्यां ज्ञानयज्ञतपस्वरूपां सरस्वतीं जनाः पूजयन्ति स्म। अधुना अपि सम्पूर्णे देशे आध्यात्मिकजिज्ञासया अस्मिन् दिने जनाः ज्ञानस्य अधिष्ठात्रीं शारदां पूजयन्ति।

अनुवाद :
वसन्त उत्सव का द्वितीय पक्ष अधिक सम्मान के योग्य होता है। भारत में वसन्त की बेला में देवी सरस्वती की आराधना भी परम्परा है। वसन्त पंचमी ज्ञान की उपासना। (और) आराधना का उत्सव है। प्राचीन समय में वसन्त पंचमी पर ज्ञानयज्ञ (और) तप स्वरूप सरस्वती को लोग पूजते थे। अब भी सम्पूर्ण देश में आध्यात्मिक जिज्ञासा से इस दिन लोग ज्ञान की मुख्य देवी शारदा (सरस्वती) को पूजते हैं।

वसन्तोत्सवः वस्तुतः सांस्कृतिकः उत्सवः अस्ति। वैदिककालात् एव अस्मिन् दिने सरस्वत्याः उपासना भवति। महाभारते पुराणेष्वपि वसन्तोत्सवः सरस्वत्याः उपासनायाः उत्सवरूपेण दर्शितः। वसन्तपञ्चम्यां आगमविधिना महाशक्त्याः सरस्वत्याः वार्षिकपूजायाः विधानम् भवति।

अनुवाद :
वसन्त उत्सव वास्तव में सांस्कृतिक उत्सव है। वैदिक काल से ही इस दिन सरस्वती की उपासना होती है। महाभारत में पुराणों में भी वसन्त उत्सव सरस्वती की उपासना के उत्सव के रूप में दिखाया गया है। वसन्त पंचमी पर शास्त्र में वर्णित विधि से महाशक्ति सरस्वती की वार्षिक पूजा का विधान होता है।

विशेषतः उत्तरभारते बिहारप्रान्ते, बङ्गालप्रान्ते तथा काश्मीरप्रदेशे सरस्वतीपूजनं बहुमान्यम् अस्ति। दक्षिणे तमिलनाडुक्षेत्रे अपि एतस्य महत्त्वं विद्यते। तत्र आबालवृद्धपरिजनाः प्रकाशितान् हस्तलिखितान् ग्रन्थान् एकस्याम् पीठिकायां संस्थाप्य विविधैः उपचारैः शारदाम् अर्चयन्ति। एतेन सममेव वाद्ययन्त्राणां वीणादीनाम् पूजनमपि भवति। कुत्रचित् दक्षिणभारते शिल्पिनः स्वयन्त्राणाम् अपि अस्मिन् दिने पूजनं कुर्वन्ति।

अनुवाद :
विशेष रूप से उत्तर भारत में बिहार 7 में, बंगाल प्रान्त में तथा कश्मीर प्रदेश में सरस्वती पूजन ब न्य है। दक्षिण में तमिलनाडु क्षेत्र में भी इसका महत्त्व है. वहाँ बच्चों से लेकर वृद्ध तक (सभी) परिवार के लोग प्रकाशित (छपे) हाथ से लिखे ग्रन्थों को एक चौकी पर रखकर विविध पूजा की विधियों से शारदा की पूजा करते हैं। इसी समय वाद्य यन्त्र वीणा आदि का पूजन भी होती है। वहीं दक्षिण भारत में शिल्पी (कारीगर) अपने यन्त्रों (औजारों) का भी इसी दिन पूजन करते हैं।

सरस्वतीपूजनस्य वेदाध्ययन सत्रं श्रावणीपूर्णिमातः आरभ्य वसन्तपञ्चमी यावत् भवति। सरस्वती पूजयित्वा ऋतुपरिवर्तनस्यारम्भे जीवने हर्षोल्लासं, सौन्दर्य, शृंङ्गारं च कामयितु वसन्तस्य, कामदेवस्य अपि पूजनं परम्परा भवति। वस्तुतः भारतीयपरम्परायां वसन्तोत्सवः सौन्दर्यस्य, उल्लासस्य, ज्ञानस्य उपासनायाः उत्सवः। एषः भारतीयानां उत्सवप्रियतायाः शास्त्रीय, सामाजिक तथा वैज्ञानिक चिन्तनम् अपि द्योतयति।

अनुवाद :
सरस्वती की पूजा वेद के अध्ययन की अवधि श्रावणी पूर्णिमा से आरम्भ होकर वसन्तपंचमी तक होती है। सरस्वती को पूजकर ऋतु परिवर्तन के आरम्भ में जीवन में हर्षोल्लास, सौन्दर्य और श्रृंगार की कामना के लिए वसन्त का (और) कामदेव का भी पूजन परम्परा से होता है। वस्तुतः भारतीय परम्परा में वसन्तोत्सव सौन्दर्य की, उल्लास की (और) ज्ञान की उपासना का उत्सव है। यह भारतीयों की उत्सव प्रियता की शास्त्रीय, सामाजिक तथा वैज्ञानिक सोच को भी प्रकट करता है।

वसन्तोत्सवः शब्दार्थाः

चरमोत्कर्षम् = अत्यधिक उन्नत। उल्लासः = हर्ष। नूतनकिसलयरागः = नवीन पत्तों की शोभा। आबालवृद्धाः = बच्चों से लेकर वृद्ध तक। मञ्जरी = बौर (आम के बौर)। अधिष्ठात्रीम्=मुख्यदेवीको।पीठिका-चौकी।वाद्ययन्त्राणाम् – (वाद्योपकरणानाम्) = बजाये जाने वाले यन्त्रों का (वीणा आदि। विधानम् = विधि। उपचारैः = पूजा विधि से। महनीयः = महत्तर। वेदाध्ययनसत्रम् = वेद की अध्ययन की अवधि। आगमविधिना = शास्त्रवर्णित विधि से।

MP Board Class 8th Sanskrit Solutions

In this article, we will share MP Board Class 10th Social Science Book Solutions Chapter 8 National Awakening and Establishment of Political Organizations in India Pdf, These solutions are solved subject experts from the latest edition books.

MP Board Class 10th Social Science Solutions Chapter 8 National Awakening and Establishment of Political Organizations in India

MP Board Class 10th Social Science Text Book Exercise

Objective Type Questions

Mp Board Class 10th Social Science Chapter 8 Question 1.
Multiple Choice Questions:
(Choose the correct answer from the following)

Question (a)
The president of Congress during in its first convention was:
(a) Dada Bhai Naoroji
(b) V.C. Benarjee
(c) Gopal Krishna Gokhale
(d) Firoj Shah Mehta.
Answer:
(b) V.C. Benarjee

Question (b)
Who introduced English Education in India?
(a) Rant Krishna Gopal
(b) Maxmullar
(c) Macaulay
(d) Bhartendu Harish Chandra.
Answer:
(b) Maxmullar

Question (c)
Through which Newspaper did Lala Lajpat Rai inspired the people of India to struggle?
(a) Kesari
(b) Samvad Kaumudi
(c) Hindustan
(d) Kayasth Samachar.
Answer:
(d) Kayasth Samachar.

Question (d)
Who among the following was not a moderate thinker?
(a) Dada Bhai Naoroji
(b) Arvind Ghosh
(c) Gopal Krishna Gokhale
(d) Firoj Shah Mehta.
Answer:
(b) Arvind Ghosh

Question (v)
With whom do this proclamation associated with “Swaraj is my birth right and I shall have it?”
(a) Vipin Chandra Pal
(b) Lala Lajpat Rai
(c) Arvind Ghosh
(d) Bal Gangadhar Tilak.
Answer:
(d) Bal Gangadhar Tilak.

Class 10 Social Science Chapter 8 Mp Board Question 2.
Fill in the blanks:

1. The reactionary policy of Viceroy ………………….. was full of racist thinking.
2. The founder of Congress is considered to be …………………..
3. Vande Mataram was written by ………………………
4. In 1883 the national convention of Indian association was called in ……………………….

Answer:

1. Lord Litten
2. A.O. Hume
3. Barikim Chandra Chatterji
4. 1883.

Chapter 8 Social Science Class 10 Mp Board Question 3.
Match the column:

Answer:

1. (b)
2. (f)
3. (d)
4. (a)
5. (c)
6. (e).

MP Board Class 10th Social Science Very Short Answer Type Questions

Social Science Class 10 Chapter 8 Mp Board Question 1.
What were the measures adopted by Congress to address the grievances and complaints in the initial period?
Answer:
Appeals, Memorandum, Delegation, Dharna and Strike.

Class 10 Social Science Chapter 8 Question Answer Mp Board Question 2.
Name the leaders of aggressive nationalism?
Answer:
Arvind Ghosh, Vipin Chandra Pal, Lala Lajpat Rai Bal Gangadhar Tilk (Lai Bal Pal).

Class 10th Social Science Chapter 8 Mp Board Question 3.
Explain, what is Boycott?
Answer:
Boycott means to boycott the foreign goods, the Government jobs institutions and awards.

Chapter 8 Class 10 Social Science Mp Board Question 4.
What was the policy adopted by Lord Curzon for Governance?
Answer:
Divide and Rule policy was followed by Lord Curzon in 1905 to divide Bengal in two parts.

Question 5.
What were objectives in the mind of Humes while establishing Indian National Congress?
Answer:
A.O. Hume founded the Indian National Congress as a protective shield for British Government providing a platform to register the demand of leader through appeal, memorandum are the objectives of Hume.

Question 6.
How many representatives participated in the first convention of Indian National Congress?
Answer:
There were 72 representatives in the first convention of Indian National Congress.

MP Board Class 10th Social Science Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
What was the role of western thinking and education in the development of national consciousness?
Or
Describe the role of western thinking and education in the development of national awakening in India? (MP Board 2009)
Answer:
Impact of western culture, education and thinkers:
With the intention or uprooting nationalistic feeling from the Indian hearts, Lord Macaulay introduced western education in India. His intention in spreading western education in English was to develop a class of people who would work in the interest of British Government.

But, on the contrary the spread of English education inspired Indians to free themselves from the clutches of foreign rule. With the knowledge of English language, Indians became acquainted with the western literature, thinking and philosophy and administration.

Question 2.
Name the newspapers which played an important role in the development of national awakening?
Answer:
The analytical review of British rule was being printed in Indian newspapers. Among Indian newspapers, there were “Samvad Kaumudi”, “Amrit Bazar Patrika”, “Bambai Samachar”, Kesari”, “Maratha”, “Hindu”, “Patriot”, “Swadeshi Mitram”, “Arya Darshan” etc. which contributed in developing national awakening. Press developed Indian consciousness and gave political teaching to Indians.

Question 3.
How were the cottage industries affected by British Policy of economic exploitation?
Or
How the Indian cottage industry was effected by economic exploitation policy of Britishers? (MP Board 2009, 2012, 2013)
Answer:
Dissatisfaction arises from the economic exploitation. With the establishment of British empire and the industrial revolution in England, Indian cottage industries suffered a blow.

The goods exported from India had a heavy tax levied on them in foreign market whereas imported goods from England were made tax free, to sell in the Indian market. This made the money flow out of India and destabilized the economy. This drove the Indians to struggle against the economic slavery.

Question 4.
Why did the Europeon staying in Indian protested against the Illbert Bill? (MP Board 2010, 2012)
Answer:
The viceroy Lord Rippon attempted to make a bill to abolish the policy of discrimination. This was prepared by law member Ilbert, that’s why it was called Illbert Bill. According to this bill, Indian Magistrates and Session Judges were given entitlement to hear criminal cases against Europeans.

Prior to the introduction of this bill Indian Magistrates were not authorized to hear the court cases against European criminals and, Illbert Bill was a step to remove the discriminating policy against Indians. Europeans staying in India collectively protested against this bill and called it a black ruling. At last British Government had to withdraw the Illbert Bill, this affected Indians adversely.

Question 5.
What were the objectives of establishment of Congress?
Or
Write main objectives of establishment of Indian National Congress? (MP Board 2009)
Answer:
The main objectives are:

1. To stimulate the feelings of patriotism nationalism and unity among the people.
2. To place the popular demands peacefully before the British Government. The main demands of the period were:
   • The party demanded reform and expansion of the Legislative councils in a Constitutional manner.
   •  It demanded economic reform.
   • It demanded the appointment of Indians to hold positions in the government.
   • It demanded that the miserable condition of Indian industry be improved.
   • Drinking must be prohibited.
   • They demanded a cut in defence expenditure and in taxes too.
   • Primary education must be expanded and technical education be paid due attention.
3. To create a popular support for the Indian National Congress among the masses.

Question 6.
What were the reasons, which in the end of 19th century encouraged the aggressive nationalism? (MP Board 2013)
Or
Write any five causes of rise of aggressive nationalism? (MP Board 2009)
Write main causes of the rise of aggressive nationlism in India? (MP Board 2009)
Answer:
The following are the causes for the emergence aggressive nationalism in the India:

1. Dissatisfaction of moderator.
2. Failure of legitimate movements.
3. Reactionary policy of the British rule.
4. Social, culture and economic movements.
5. Impact of western thinking and foreign revolutions.

MP Board Class 10th Social Science Long Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
Describe the role of religious and social reform movements in the national awakening? (MP Board 2009)
Answer:
The religious and social reform movements also played a major role in the development of nationalistic feelings. The leaders who pioneered these movements became the prominent leaders of the political awakening. These movements developed a feeling of respect for Indian culture in the hearts of the Indian.

The social and religious reformers and leaders like – Raja Ram Mohan Rai, Swami Vivekanand, Swami Dayananda Saraswati, Ramkrishna Paramhans, Mrs. Annie Besant, etc.

The movements of 19th century were basically religious in nature, yet they had the inclusion of nationalistic feelings in them. In addition to Swami Dayanand Saraswati’s “Arya Samaj” and Swami Viyekanand’s “Ram Krishna Mission” there were many more such movements, to which the nation owed its reawakening.

Among Muslims there were Aligarh and Deoband movements, among Sikhs there were Singh Sabha and Gurudwara reform movements and, Theosophical Society’s movements which changed the society and its thinking. These movements made the future generations ready for the leadership of the nation.

Question 2.
Describe the causes which led to the establishment of Indian National Congress?
Answer:
Between the years 1870 and 1880, Indian people had become politically conscious and by the year 1885, there was a platform ready for establishment of a political organization on national basis. The credit for giving a definite structure to the All India Organization goes to a retired British officer A.O. Hume.

He was a liberal minded person. Hume had been feeling a need for a political organization which would bridge the gap between the rulers and the people being ruled. Hume wanted the people to adopt the path of valid politics instead of violence and aggression. With the efforts of Mr. Hume, “Indian National Union” was formed.

Hume obtained the permission from Lord Darfin to convene a meeting of “Indian National Union” between 25th December and 31st December in Pune. The objective of the meeting was to acquaint the work force with one another, which was working for the national development and define a political agenda for the development.

Although the place of convention was decided to be Pune, the venue was changed to Mumbai in the last minute. The convention was held on 28th December, 1885 in Gokuldas Tejpal Sanskrit College. With the suggestion from Sir Hume the meeting was named, “Indian National Congress” and thus, Indian National Congress was born.

There were 72 representatives in the convention of formation Indian National Congress. Vyomesh Chandra Benarjee was President of the first convention of Indian National Congress.

Question 3.
Explain how the working style of moderates was different from that of aggressive nationalists?
Answer:
The main moderate leaders were Dadabhai Naoroji, Surendranath Benarjee, Firoj Shah Mehta, Gopal Krishna Gokhale, Ras Bihari Bose, Mahadev Govind Ranade. These leaders had faith in moderate thinking and wanted to pursue their objectives through gradual and legitimate means.

Moderates were believers of legitimate means to pursue their objectives through appeals, memorandums and delegations. In order to influence the British people and politicians, moderates had sent a delegation to England. To make British people aware of problems in India, moderates had started publishing a newspaper called “India”, from London.

Every year moderates used to pass a proposal and convince their demands through logical approach. There was no place for agitation in their programme. They were apprehensive that agitation might result into lawlessness. Initially British took a sympathetic view towards Congress.

Even Government officials used to attend the conventions but/gradually the attitude changed and it was declared as an organisation representing minorities and anti – British. Lai, Bal, Pal led the aggressive movement in India. Lala Lajpat Rai in Punjab and V.C. Pal in Bengal activated the movement.

The scheme of working of aggressive leaders was quite different from that of moderates. They believed in sacrifice and martyrdom, as means to achieve freedom. Boycott, Swadeshi and Indian education were there three weapons, which they used to free themselves from the British clutches.

These leaders used the word “Swadeshi” or “Self – Governance” in a different connotation. By self – governance they not only meant obtaining the political rights but also, establishing a political system which would help the Indians progress. The hardliners (aggressive nationalists) were staunch supporters of Boycott and self – rule. By boycott they not only meant to boycott the foreign goods but also, the boycott of Government jobs, institutions and awards.

Question 4.
Write notes on

1. Bal Gangadhar Tilak
2. Vipin Chandra Pal
3. Lala Lajpat Rai.

Answer:
Bal Gangadhar Tilak:
Tilak is called as father of aggressive nationalism. His political thinking was very evidently influenced by his religious thinking. His beliefs were firmly placed in natural rights, political freedom and principles of justice.

He gave the proclamaition “Swaraj is my birth right and I shall have it”. He fought for the cause of freedom and self governance, all his life. He inspired the youngsters to struggle fearlessly and, to be prepared for sacrifice for the country.

Vipin Chandra Pal:
Another aggressive nationalist Vipin Chandra Pal was an influential orator, an accomplished journalist and an educationist. He voiced his opinions through “New India” and “Vande Mataram”. Partition of Bengal was instrumental in drawing his thinking towards aggressive nationalism. Vipin Chandra Pal played a major role in national awakening in Bengal.

Lala Lajpat Rai:
Lala Lajpat Rai was in protest of moderate thinking and actions in Congress. He protested very strongly against the partition of Bengal. He believed that Swaraj was essential for the nation’s development and no reforms and good governance could ever replace Swaraj.

MP Board Class 10th Social Science Additional Important Questions

Objective Type Questions:

Question 1.
Multiple Choice Questions:
(Choose the correct answer from the following)

Question (a)
Lord Curzon divided Bengal in …………………..
(a) 1902
(b) 1903
(c) 1904
(d) 1905.
Answer:
(d) 1905.

Question (b)
The Ganesh Festival was organised by Tilak in:
(a) Bengal
(b) Maharashtra
(c) Punjab
(d) Tamilnadu.
Answer:
(b) Maharashtra

Question (c)
During the establishment of Indian National Congress the Vicerory of India was:
(a) Lord Curzon
(b) Lord Canning
(c) Lord Durfin
(d) Lord Vilington.
Answer:
(c) Lord Durfin

Question (d)
The second convention of Indian Association was told in:
(a) 1883
(b) 1884
(c) 1885
(d) 1886.
Answer:
(c) 1885

Question 2.
Fill in the blanks:

1. After the event of the …………………….. company rule in India ended.
2. ‘Anand Math’ was written by ……………………
3. Delhi – Durbar was organised in the honour of ……………………..
4. Swami Dayanand was the founder of Arya Samaj in 1875 at …………………….

Answer:

1. 1857
2. Bankim Chandra
3. George V
4. Bombay.

Question 3.
True and False type questions:

1. Ramkrishna Mission was established by Ramkrishna Paramhansa.
2. A.O. Hume was a social reformer.
3. The period between 1885 to 1905 is known as liberal period.
4. Divide and rule was the policy of moderates.

Answer:

1. False
2. False
3. True
4. False.

Question 4.
Match the columns:

Answer:

1. (c)
2. (a)
3. (e)
4. (b)
5. (d)

Answer in One – Two Words or One Sentence

Question 1.
Name the three social evils prevelent in the Muslim society?
Answer:
Purdah system, polygamy, the process of easy divorce and child marriage.

Question 2.
Who was the founder of Brahma Samaj?
Answer:
Raja Ram Mohan Rai in 1928 founded Brahmo Samaj.

Question 3.
Who founded Arya Samaj?
Answer:
Arya Samaj was founded by Dayanand Saraswati in the year 1875.

Question 4.
Who founded Ramkrishna Mission?
Answer:
Swami Vivekanand in 1879.

Question 5.
Who founded Prarthana Samaj?
Answer:
Atmaram Pandurang in 1867.

Question 6.
When was Indian National Congress established?
Answer:
On 28th December 1885.

Question 7.
Who were the main members of East India Association?
Answer:
Anand Mohan Bose and Surendra Nath Benarjee were the main members of East India Association.

Question 8.
Which period is known as liberal period in the history of freedom movement in India?
Answer:
Between 1885 and 1905.

Question 9.
When was first time Ganesh Utsav organized in the public domain?
Answer:
In 1893.

Question 10.
Who led the aggressive movement in Punjab?
Answer:
Lala Lajpat Rai.

MP Board Class 10th Social Science Very Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
Who were known as Lal, Bal and Pal?
Answer:
Bal Gangdhar Tilak of Maharashtra, Bipin Chandra Pal of Bengal and Lala Lajpat Rai of Punjab were known as Lal, Bal and Pal.

Question 2.
Which new social class had emerged in India during the British rule?
Answer:
The middle class, consisting many neolandlords, traders, intelligents and professional class, intelligents became the leading group for demanding modernisation.

Question 3.
What was the aim of Sir Sayyed Ahmed Khan in establishing the Scientific Society?
Answer:
Sir Sayyed Ahmed Khan (1817 – 1899) founded the Scientific Society in 1862. Its main aim was to translate, and publish scientific work in urdu so to familiarise the people with modern science.

Question 4.
Who did the Indian National Congrees wish to speak for?
Answer:
The Indian National Congress wished “to speak for the good of all countrymen. It will speak not only for one class or community of India, but of all the different communities of India.

Question 5.
What was the contribution of Bal – Pal – Lal in the development of extremism in India?
Answer:
Lokmanya Tilak, Lala Lajpat Rai and Bipin Chandra Pal played an important part in the development of extremism in India. These leaders instilled the feelings of national pride, glory and rich heritage in the Indian people. They prepared the people to fight against injustice, exploitation and foreign imperialism with all their might.

Question 6.
Why is Raja Rammohan Roy called the Father of Modern India?
Answer:
Raja Rammohan Roy took the lead in the direction of social and religious reforms. The condemned social evils like sati, child – marriage, polygamy, etc., and was devoted to the spread of modern knowledge and modernisation of Indian society.

Question 7.
Write any two advantages that the beginning of the press had on Indian society?
Answer:

1. The press made the people of India aware of the need for reforming their religious and social evils.
2. If spread knowledge and revolutionary ideas among the people.

MP Board Class 10th Social Science Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
Write the effects of the reform movements of the 19th century on the Indian society?
Answer:
The effects of the reform movements of the 19th century Indian society can be stated as under:

1. Significant advances were made in the field of emancipation of women. Sati was banned; infanticide was outlawed; education for women was propagated; widow – remarriage was allowed.
2. The reform movements helped in awakening of the people to the need of change.
3. As most of the social evils had became associated with religious practices, these social reform movements were inevitably religious in nature. They reformed both the religion and society,
4. These reform movements contributed a great deal to the birth of Indian nationalism.

Question 2.
What were the main objectives stated in the first convention of Indian National Congress?
Answer:
The first President of Congress, Vyomesh Chandra Benarjee stated the objectives of the Congress in its first convention in 1885. These were:

1. To promote the friendship and mutual intimacy among people, who work enthusiastically for the country.

2. To eradicate the differences of cast, religion and regions and remove the prejudices through friendship and direct contact, to develop unity and nationalistic feelings, which were developed during the administrative regime of Lord Rippon.

3. To document the contemporary and burning problems of India, with the help of educated and matured individuals through a careful and detailed discussion.

4. To chart a programme of political activities and public good for next 12 months.

Question 3.
What were the differences between the moderates and the extremists?
Answer:
Moderates:

1. The moderates believed in the peaceful and constitutional measures for the realization of their aims and objectives.
2. They favoured to carry out the economic reforms by remaining under the rule of Britishers.
3. The moderates did not hate the British Rule. They did not find anything wrong in the western culture and their literature.
4. Moderates were never persecuted by the British Government. Some of the moderates are: Dadabhai Naoroji

Extremists:

1. Extremists were the militant nationalists. They were against the petitions and the peaceful methods. They advocated and practiced the use of force and revolutionary methods to attain their goals.
2. Extremist aimed at achieving complete sivaraj. They wanted to have their own government.
3. The extremists hated the British rule.
4. Extremists like Bal Gangadhar Tilak, Bipin Chandra Pal, Lala Lajpat Rai etc. were sent to jail many times.

Question 4.
What was Swami Vivekananda’s mission in life?
Answer:
His mission was the revival of the best traditions of the Hindu religion, including the vedas. Vedanta, according to him, was the religion of all and not of the Hindus alone. To establish this fact, he attended the Parliament of Religious at Chicago (USA).

His forceful speech at the Parliament made him a world figure. His great desire was to improve all aspects of national life, particularly the depressed economic conditions of the masses and the low status of women. He wanted the youth to take pride in their motherland.

Question 5.
How were the cottage industries affected by British policy of economic explantions?
Answer:
With the establishment of British empire and the industrial revolution in England, Indian cottage industries suffered a blow. The goods exported from India had a heavy tax leaved on them in foreign market, whereas the imparted goods from England were made tax free, to sell in the Indian market.

This made the money to flow out of India and established the economy. India become consumer country of foreign goods due to which india became the narket of raw material for British industries.

MP Board Class 10th Social Science Long Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
Enumerate the measures taken by reform movements to improve the conditions of the women?
Answer:
Measures taken by reform movements to improve the women conditions:
Many reform movements were started in 19th century to improve the condition of women in the society. Raja Rammohan Rai, Ishwar Chandra were the most famous.

1. Abolition of sati practices:
Raja Rammohan Rai, Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar, and Swami Dayanand Saraswati persuaded the case too much and were able to make law against Sati system by Lord William Bentick.

2. Re – marriage of widow:
Widows were considered as sin, slave and unfortunate black spot in Indian society. They were not allowed for remarriage. Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar and other reformers tried their level best to solve this problem. At last they were able to convince many people.

3. Opposition of purdah system:
Modem social reformers were against purdah system as hindered it the development of woman in the society. They moved for abolition of purdah system, succeeded in their efforts.

4. Stressed on woman education:
Modern reformers stressed on her education. They opened many schools and colleges, for women education. Raja Rammohan Rai and Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar, Swami Dayanand Saraswati and Sir Sayyed Ahmed Khan had played commendable roles in women education. Thus, in the 2nd half of 19th century the condition of woman was better than before.

Question 2.
Discuss the political organization’s responsibility for making the base of Indian National Congress?
Answer:
By the end 6f 19th century, the peaceful political movements began in India. Educated Indians were not unaware of the economic and political subjugation, this class started organized political activities. The objective of these organized movements was to establish representative organisation, freedom of expression and thinking and abolition of economic exploitation.

These activities gradually converted in the demands for freedom. These activities started from Bengal, Mumbai, Madras, where British Raj had first established. After the srtruggle of 1857, the national awakening intensified and the main political organizations which formed were Poona Sarvajanik Sabha (1870), Indian League (1875), East India Association (1876), Madras Mahajan Sabha (1884) and Bombay Presidency
Association.(1885).

These organizations not only advocated their demands about local issues but also vehemently advocated national demands there was no organization of national level established since then. To fulfill the requirement of a national level organization, Surendra Nath Benarjee called a national of Indian Association in Kolkata in 1883. About 200 representatives participated in the convention.

Again there was a second convention in 1885 in Kolkata this was a major step in the direction of forming a national organization in India. The objective of all these organizations is to provide a common platform to all the organizations and to address the problems and issues of common good.

Although the British Government ignored the demands put up by the political organizations, Indian newspapers gave sound publicity to the demands. The main members of East India Association were Anand Mohan Bose and Surendranath Benarjee. By 1885 there were 60 branches of the association, all over the country.

Question 3.
Describe the causes of emergence of aggressive nationalism in India?
Answer:
Following are the causes of emergence of aggressive nationalism:

1. Dissatisfaction towards the working of moderates:
The aggressive leaders like Lala Lajpat Rai, Vipin Chandra Pal, Arvind Ghosh and others realised that Indians would never get the political right through memorandums and appeals. Aggressive leaders had no trust in so called British justice and philanthropy. They wanted to launch a powerful mass movements against British rule. Lokmanya Tilak said “Indians will not get the freedom on a silver platter”.

2. Failure of legitimate movements:
Having received a lot of requests and appeals from moderates, British finally in 1892 accepted the Bhartiya Parishad Adhiniyam, but, it did’not provide any valid rights to Indians. This made all the hopes of getting political rights through legitimate means fade.

3. The reactionary policy of British Rule:
The main reason of emergence of aggressive nationalism was the reactionary policy of British Government, whatever promises Indians were given through the (Bharat Shasan Adhiniyam) and queen Victoria’s announcement in 1858, they proved to be only verbal force.

They were never followed in its true spirit. The policy of exploitation and discrimination continued as before. During the period of narrow – minded rule in Britain, the command of Indian rule was also given to the reactionary viceroys in. India
the attitude of British administration was completely racially prejudiced and inhuman towards Indians. Lord Lytton and Lord Curzon had hurt the Indian feelings about their race.

4. Economic policy of British Government:
Indian agriculture and industries suffered a major set – back due to the economic exploitation policy of British Government. Their economic policy patronized the interests of capitalists. The import duty was removed from the British goods which caused a heavy loss to Indian cottage industries.

Question 4.
Why Raja Rammohan Rai has been called the fore – runner of the Indian Renaissance?
Answer:
Raja Rammohan Rai was one of the greatest son of this great country that India can be proud of. He greatly loved his people and country, and throughout his life worked hard for the social, religious, intellectual and political upliftment of the country.

Raja Rammohan Rai played an important role in the social and cultural awakening of the country. He is rightly called the “Father of Modern India”. His contributions can be summarised as follows :

1. Raja Rammohan Rai vigorously attacked the caste system and declared it as inhuman.

2. He raised his voice against the in human Practice of Sati. He cited the authority of the sacred books and showed that the Hindu religion was opposed to this practice.

3. He was a great champion of women’s rights. He stood for equal rights for women and make a demand for granting the right of property and inheritance to them for raising their social status. He also advocated the right of widows to remarriage.

4. He tried to persuade the government to abolish the child- marriage.

5. He paid stress on the spread of western education and sciences in order to eradicate useless traditional and blind faiths.

6. He was an internationalist who supported the cause of freedom everywhere.

MP Board Class 7th Sanskrit Solutions Surbhi Chapter 7 भोपालनगरम्

MP Board Class 7th Sanskrit Chapter 7 अभ्यासः

Mp Board Class 7th Sanskrit Chapter 7 प्रश्न 1.
एक शब्द में उत्तर लिखो
(क) विशालं शिवमंदिरं कुत्र अस्ति? [विशाल शिव मन्दिर कहाँ है ?]
उत्तर:
भोजपुरे

(ख) भोपालनगरं कस्य प्रदेशस्य राजधानी अस्ति? [भोपाल नगर किस प्रदेश की राजधानी है?]
उत्तर:
मध्यप्रदेशस्य

(ग) श्रावणमासे प्रत्येकसोमवासरेका मेलापकः भवति? [सावन के महीने में प्रत्येक सोमवार को कहाँ मेला लगता है?]
उत्तर:
गुफामन्दिरे

(घ) भोपाले विश्वप्रसिद्ध कलाकेन्द्रं किम् अस्ति? [भोपाल में विश्व प्रसिद्ध कला केन्द्र क्या है?]
उत्तर:
भारतभवनम्

(ङ) भोपाले राजाभोजवायुयानस्थानकं कुत्र अस्ति? [भोपाल में राजा भोज हवाई अड्डा’ कहाँ है?]
उत्तर:
गान्धिनगरे।

Mp Board Class 7 Sanskrit Solution प्रश्न 2.
एक वाक्य में उत्तर लिखो
(क) पुरा भोपालनगरस्य नाम किम् आसीत्? [प्राचीनकाल में भोपाल नगर का क्या नाम था?]
उत्तर:
भोजपाल

(ख) भोपालनगरस्य जनाः कुत्र नौकाविहारं कुर्वन्ति? [भोपालनगर के लोग कहाँ पर नौका विहार करते है?]
उत्तर:
सरोवरेः

(ग) “इज्तिमा” नामकंधार्मिकसम्मेलनं कुत्र आयोज्यते? [“इज्तिमा” नामक धार्मिक सम्मेलन कहाँ पर आयोजित किया जाता है?]
उत्तर:
ताजुल मस्जेिद

(घ) आञ्चलिकविज्ञानकेन्द्रं कुत्र अस्ति? [आञ्चलिक विज्ञान केन्द्र कहाँ पर है?]
उत्तर:
भोपालनगरे

(ङ) भारतहैवीइलेक्ट्रिकल्सलिमिटेड इति संयन्त्रं कुत्र अस्ति? [भारत हैवी इलेक्ट्रिकल्स लिमिटेड नामक संयन्त्र कहाँ पर है?]
उत्तर:
भोपालनगरे।

Mp Board Solution Class 7 Sanskrit प्रश्न 3.
उचित शब्द से रिक्त स्थान को पूरा करो- लक्ष्मीनारायणमन्दिरम् (बिरला मन्दिरम्), ताजुल मस्जिदः, नौका विहारं, विधानसभा भवनम्, भोजपुरम्)
(क) नूतन भोपालनगरे …………. अस्ति।
(ख) भोपालनगरस्य सरोवरे जनाः ………….. कुर्वन्ति।
(ग) प्राचीन भोपाले …………. अस्ति।
(घ) …………. नूतनभोपाले अस्ति।
(ङ)…………. समीपे अस्ति।
उत्तर:
(क) लक्ष्मीनारायणमन्दिरम् (बिरला मन्दिरम्)
(ख) नौकाविहारं
(ग) ताजुल मस्जिदः
(घ) विधानसभा भवनम्
(ङ) भोजपुरम्।

Mp Board Class 7th Sanskrit Solution प्रश्न 4.
रेखांकित शब्दों के आधार पर प्रश्न बनाओ (कुत्र, कस्मिन्, कस्य, कानि, केषाम्)
(क) इदं नगरम् सरोवराणां नगरं कथ्यते।
(ख) भीमबेटकायां भित्तिचित्राणि सन्ति।
(ग) भोपालनगरस्य द्वौ भागौ स्तः।
(घ) ‘इन्दिरागान्धि-मानवसङ्ग्रहालयः’ अपि अत्र वर्तते।
उत्तर:
(क) इदं नगरम् केषाम् नगरं कथ्यते?
(ख) कस्मिन् भित्तिचित्राणि सन्ति?
(ग) कस्य नगरस्य द्वौ भागौ स्तः?
(घ) ‘इन्दिरागान्धि-मानव सङ्ग्रहालयः’ अपि कुत्र वर्तते?

Mp Board Class 7th Sanskrit Solution Chapter 7 प्रश्न 5.
विलोम शब्दों का मेल कराओ

उत्तर:
(क) → (5)
(ख) → (4)
(ग) → (6)
(घ) → (2)
(ङ) → (3)
(च) → (1)

Class 7 Sanskrit Solution Mp Board प्रश्न 6.
शुद्ध कथन के सामने आम्’ और अशुद्ध कथन के सामने ‘न’ लिखो
(क) प्राचीनभोपालनगरे लक्ष्मीनारायणमन्दिरम् (बिरला मन्दिरम्) अस्ति।
(ख) ताजुलमस्जिदः एशिया-महाद्वीपस्य विशालतमः मस्जिदः अस्ति।
(ग) भोपालनगरस्य प्राकृतिक सौन्दर्यं दर्शनीयम्।।
(घ) भोपालनगरस्य जनाः उत्सवप्रियाः न सन्ति।
(ङ) ‘नेहरूक्रीडाङ्गणं’ नगरवासिनाम् क्रीडानुरागम् दर्शयति।
(च) भोपालनगरं भारतदेशस्य मध्यभागे अस्ति।
उत्तर:
(क) आम्
(ख) आम्
(ग) आम्
(घ) न
(ङ) न
(च) आम्।

Bhopal Nagaram MP Board Class 7 प्रश्न 7.
उदाहरण के अनुसार जोड़ो-
(क) औद्योगिकक्षेत्रे + अपि
(ख) विष्णो + अव।
उत्तर:
(क) औद्योगिक क्षेत्रोऽपि
(ख) विष्णोऽव।

संस्कृत सुरभि कक्षा 7 MP Board  प्रश्न 8.
निर्देशानुसार धातुरूप लिखो
(क) वृत् (वर्त) – प्रथम पुरुष
(ख) लभ् – प्रथम पुरुषः
(ग) रम् – मध्यम पुरुषः
(घ) वृत् (वर्त) – मध्यम पुरुषः
(ङ) लभ् – उत्तम पुरुषः
(च) रम् – उत्तम पुरुषः।
उत्तर:

भोपालनगरम् हिन्दी अनुवाद

(सन्दीपः स्कूटरयानेन मार्गे गच्छन् सुनीलं पश्यति? ततः स्कूटरयानात् अवतीर्य सुनीलस्य समीपं गच्छति, पृच्छति च।)

सन्दीप: :
भो सुनील! त्वम् अत्र किं करोषि?

सुनील: :
हे सन्दीप! अहम् अस्य सरोवरस्य सौन्दर्य पश्यामि।

सन्दीप: :
मित्र! अयं सरोवरः तु अस्माकं भोपालनगरस्य वैशिष्ट्यम् अस्ति।

सुनीलः :
किं कथयसि? अहं तु न जानामि। यतोऽहं अत्र भोपालनगरं प्रथमवारम् एव आगतः।

सन्दीपः :
यद्येवं तर्हि आगच्छ अहं त्वां भोपालनगरं दर्शयामि। पुरा “भोजपालः” इति भोपालनगरस्य नाम आसीत् । भोपालनगरं मध्यप्रदेशस्य राजधानी अस्ति। अस्य नगरस्य महत्वं प्राचीनकालादेव वर्तते। किं त्वं नौकाविहारं कर्तुम् इच्छसि?

अनुवाद :
(सन्दीप स्कूटर से मार्ग में जाते हुए सुनील को देखता है। उसके बाद स्कूटर से उतरकर सुनील के पास जाता है और पूछता है।)

सन्दीप :
हे सुनील! तुम यहाँ क्या करते हो?

सुनील :
हे सन्दीप! मैं इस सरोवर की सुन्दरता को देखता हूँ।

सन्दीप :
मित्र! यह सरोवर तो हमारे भोपाल नगर की विशेषता है।

सुनील :
क्या कहते हो? मैं तो नहीं जानता हूँ। क्योंकि मैं यहाँ भोपाल शहर में पहली बार ही आया हूँ।

सन्दीप :
यदि ऐसा है, तो आओ-मैं तुम्हें भोपाल शहर दिखाता हूँ। प्राचीन काल में भोपाल शहर का नाम ‘भोजपाल’ था। भोपाल नगर मध्य प्रदेश की राजधानी है। इस नगर का महत्त्व प्राचीन काल से ही है। क्या तुम नौका विहार करना चाहते हो?

सुनीलः :
आम, आगच्छ आवां नौकाविहारं कुर्वन्तावेव भोपालनगरस्य सौन्दर्यं पश्यावः।

सन्दीपः :
इदं नगरं सरोवराणां नगरं इति कथ्यते। अत्रस्थः विशालतम सरोवरः देशे एकः एव अस्ति। सरोवरे नौकाविहारः अस्य सौन्दर्य द्विगुणयति। वर्षाकाले तु नगरस्य हरीतिमां दृष्ट्वा नगरवासिनः पर्वतीयस्थानानि (हिलस्टेशन् इति) विस्मृत्य अत्रैव रमन्ते। अस्य नगरस्य प्राकृतिक सौन्दर्यं दर्शनीयम्। ‘मयूर उद्यानम्’, ‘नेहरू उद्यानम्’, चिनार उद्यानम्’, ‘बालोद्यानम्’, ‘वनविहारः’ च नगरस्य प्राकृतिकशोभां संवर्धयन्ति।

सनीलः :
सन्दीप! साञ्ची, भोजपुरम, भीमबैटका इत्यादीनि ऐतिहासिकस्थानानि अस्य नगरस्य समीपे एव सन्ति।

सन्दीपः :
आम्, भोजपुरे विशालं शिवमन्दिरं अस्ति। साञ्चीस्तूपः तु विश्वप्रिसद्धः एव। भीमबेटकायां शैलचित्राणि सन्ति। एतानि स्थानानि दृष्ट्वा जनाः मुदिताः चकिता: च भवन्ति। ते दूरतः एवं अत्र आगच्छन्ति।

सुनील: :
अन्यत् किम?

अनुवाद :
सुनील-हाँ आओ, हम दोनों नौका विहार करते हुए ही भोपाल नगर की सुन्दरता को देखें।

सन्दीप :
यह नगर सरोवरों का नगर कहा जाता है। यहाँ पर स्थित सबसे विशाल सरोवर देश में एक ही है। सरोवर में नौका विहार इसकी सुन्दरता को दोगुना कर देता है। बरसात के मौसम में तो नगर की हरियाली को देखकर नगर के रहने वाले लोग पर्वतीय स्थानों को भूलकर यहाँ ही रम जाते हैं। इस नगर का प्राकृतिक सौन्दर्य देखने योग्य है। मयूर उद्यान, नेहरू उद्यान, चिनार उद्यान, बालोद्यान और वन विहार तो नगर की प्राकृतिक शोभा को बढ़ा देते हैं।

सुनील :
सन्दीप! साँची, भोजपुर, भीमबेटका इत्यादि ऐतिहासिक स्थान इस नगर के समीप ही हैं।

सन्दीप :
हाँ, भोजपुर में विशाल शिव मन्दिर है। साँची के स्तूप तो विश्वप्रसिद्ध ही हैं। भीमबेटका में शैल चित्र हैं। इन सभी स्थानों को देखकर मनुष्य प्रसन्न और चकित हो जाते हैं। वे सभी दूर से ही यहाँ आते हैं।

सुनील :
दूसरे अन्य क्या हैं?

सन्दीपः :
भोपालनगरस्य द्वौ भागौ स्तः। नूतनभोपाल नगरम् अपरं च प्राचीनभोपालनगरम्। विधानसभाभवनं, लक्ष्मीनारायणमन्दिरं (बिरलामन्दिरं), सचिवालयः, मन्त्रालयश्च नूतनभोपालनगरे सन्ति। प्राचीनभोपालनगरे ताजुलमस्जिदः, मोतीमस्जिदः, नेवरीमन्दिरं, गुफामन्दिरम्, इत्यादयः सन्ति।

गुफामन्दिरे प्रतिवर्ष श्रावणमासे प्रत्येकसोमवारे मेलापकः भवति। ताजुलमस्जिदः एशिया महाद्वीपस्य विशालतमः मस्जिदः अस्ति। अत्र प्रतिवर्षं ‘इज्तिमा’ नामकं धार्मिक सम्मेलनं भवतिः यस्मिन् देशविदेशेभ्यः धार्मिकाः आगच्छन्ति।

प्राचीन भोपालनगरे आभूषणानां, धान्यानां, वस्त्राणां, पुस्तकानां च असंख्याः आपणाः सन्ति।

अनुवाद :
सन्दीप-भोपाल नगर के दो भाग हैं। नया भोपाल नगर तथा अन्य प्राचीन भोपाल नगर। विधानसभा भवन, लक्ष्मीनारायण मन्दिर (बिरला मन्दिर), सचिवालय, और मन्त्रालय नये भोपाल नगर में हैं। प्राचीन भोपाल नगर में ताजुल मस्जिद, मोती मस्जिद, नेवरी मन्दिर, गुफा मन्दिर इत्यादि हैं।

गुफा मन्दिर में प्रत्येक वर्ष सावन के महीने में प्रत्येक सोमवार के दिन मेला होता है। ताजुल मस्जिद एशिया महाद्वीप की सबसे विशाल मस्जिद है। यहाँ प्रतिवर्ष ‘इज्तिमा’ नामक धार्मिक सम्मेलन होता है जिसमें देश-विदेशों से धार्मिक लोग आते हैं।

प्राचीन भोपाल नगर में आभूषणों की, अनाजों की, वस्त्रों की और पुस्तकों की असंख्य दुकानें हैं।

सुनीलः :
सन्दीप! मम शिक्षक: मां ‘भारत हैवी इलेक्ट्रिकल्स’ इति विषये किमपि उक्तवान् तत् किम?

सन्दीपः :
उद्योगक्षेत्रेऽपि इदं नगरं प्रसिद्धम्। अस्मिन् नगरे एक महत् विद्युत्संयन्त्रं स्थापितम्। इदं संयन्त्रम् एव ‘भारत हैवी इलेक्ट्रिकल्स लिमिटेड’ इति नाम्ना प्रसिद्धम् अस्ति। भोपालनगरस्य समीपे मण्डीदीपं स्थानं औद्योगिकनगरम् इति प्रसिद्धम् अस्ति।

भारतभवनम् अत्रस्थं विश्वप्रसिद्ध कलाकेन्द्रम् अस्ति। नेहरुक्रीडाङ्गणं नगरवासिनां क्रीडानुरागं दर्शयति। ‘आञ्चलिकविज्ञानकेन्द्रम्’ नगरस्य महत्वं सूचयति। इन्दिरागान्धिमानवसङ्ग्रहालयः अपि अत्र विद्यते।

प्रारम्भिकशिक्षायाः केन्द्रम् अपि अस्मिन् नगरे अस्ति। गान्धिनगरे ‘राजाभोजवायुयान स्थानकम्’ अपि अस्ति।
(सुनीलः सन्दीपः च भ्रमन्तौ तात्याटोपेनगरम् आगतौ)

अनुवाद :
सुनील-सन्दीप! मेरे शिक्षक ने मुझको भारत हैवी इलेक्ट्रिकल्स’ इस विषय पर कुछ बतलाया था, वह क्या है?

सन्दीप :
उद्योग के क्षेत्र में भी यह नगर प्रसिद्ध है। इस नगर में एक विशाल विद्युत संयन्त्र स्थापित किया है। यही संयन्त्र ‘भारत हैवी इलैक्ट्रिकल्स लिमिटेड’ नाम से प्रसिद्ध है। भोपाल नगर के पास मण्डी द्वीप स्थान औद्योगिक नगर नाम से प्रसिद्ध है। ‘भारत भवन’ जो यहाँ स्थित है, वह विश्वप्रसिद्ध कला केन्द्र है। नेहरू क्रीड़ास्थल नगर के रहने वाले लोगों के खेल के प्रति अनुराग को दिखाता है। ‘आञ्चलिक विज्ञान केन्द्र’ नगर के महत्व को सूचित करता है। इन्दिरा गांधी मानव संग्रहालय भी यहाँ मौजूद है।

प्रारम्भिक शिक्षा का केन्द्र भी इस नगर में है। गांधीनगर में ‘राजाभोज वायुयान’ अड्डा भी है।

(सुनील और सन्दीप घूमते हुए तात्याटोपे नगर में आ जाते हैं।)

सुनीलः :
रे सन्दीप! इदं तु किमपि रोचकस्थानं दृश्यते।

सन्दीप: :
नगरस्य सर्वेषां प्रियं स्थान हट्टं च ‘न्यूमार्केट’ इति अस्ति। अत्र अबालवृद्धाः स्वमनोरञ्जनार्थम् आवश्यकवस्तूनि क्रेतुं च आगच्छन्ति। आवाम् अपि मधुराणि रसगोलकानि क्रीत्वा खादावः।

सुनीलः :
शोभनम् अस्ति भोपालनगरम्।

अनुवाद :
सुनीलः :
अरे सन्दीप। यह स्थान तो कुछ रोचक प्रतीत होता है।

सन्दीप :
नगर का सबसे प्रिय स्थान और बाजार (हाट) ‘न्यूमार्केट’ है। यहाँ बालक से लेकर बूढ़े व्यक्ति तक अपने मनोरंजन के लिए और अपनी आवश्यकता की वस्तुएँ खरीदने के लिए आते हैं। हम दोनों भी मीठे रसगुल्ले खरीदकर जाएँगे।

सुनील :
भोपालनगर (अति) सुन्दर है।

भोपालनगरम् शब्दार्थाः

स्कूटरयानेन = स्कूटर से। वैशिष्ट्यम् = विशेषता। कुर्वन्नेव = करते हुए ही। विस्मृत्य = भूलकर। उक्तवान् = कहा था। वायुयानस्थानकम् = हवाई अड्डा। अवतीर्य = उतरकर। दर्शयामि = दिखाता हूँ। अत्रस्थः = यहाँ का। इत्थम् = ऐसा। रसगोलकानि = रसगुल्ले। यद्येवं = यदि ऐसा है। द्विगुणयति = दोगुना कर देता है।

MP Board Class 7th Sanskrit Solutions

MP Board Class 8th Social Science Solutions Chapter 19 National Movement and Achievement of Independence

MP Board Class 8th Social Science Chapter 19 Text Book Exercise

Choose the correct option of the following

Mp Board Class 8 Social Science Solution Chapter 19 Question 1.
When Rollat Act was passed?
(a) 7 April 1819
(b) 8 March 1919
(c) 2 January
(d) 6 March 1919
Answer:
(b) 8 March 1919

Mp Board Class 8 Social Science Chapter 19 Question 2.
Who was the Lt. Governor of Punjab during Jallianwala Bagh Massacre?
(a) Lord Dalhousie
(b) Lord Macually
(c) General O Dyer
(d) O Dyer
Answer:
(c) General O Dyer

Class 8 Social Science Chapter 19 MP Board Question 3.
Who was the President of Swaraj Dal?
(a) Motilal Nehru
(b) Chittaranjan Das
(c) Gopal Krishan Gokhle
(d) Dada Bhai Naorozi
Answer:
(b) Chittaranjan Das

Class 8 Social Science Lesson 19 Question Answer MP Board Question 4.
When Salt Satyagrah Movement began?
(a) 5 March 1931
(b) 8 August 1942
(c) 12 March 1930
(d) none of the above
Answer:
(c) 12 March 1930

Fill in the blanks:

1. 6 April 1919 was celebrated as ……….
2. Simon Commission came to India in ………..
3. Gandhiji undertook the ……….. to break the Salt Law.
4. In 1940 the annual session of Muslim League was held at ………..

Answer:

1. Day of national dishonor
2. On 3rd February 1928
3. Dandi March
4. Lahore.

MP Board Class 8th Social Science Chapter 19 Very Short Answer Type Questions

Class 8 Social Science Chapter 19 Question Answer MP Board Question 1.
Which title was given to Gandhiji by the British?
Answer:
Gandhiji was offered Kaiser-I-Hind title by the British Govt.

Class 8 Social Science Lesson 19 MP Board Question 2.
Give names of the prominent leaders of Swaraj Dal?
Answer:
Chittaranjan Das and Moti Lal Nehru founded the Swaraj Dal. Chittaranjan Das was its President Vithallbhai Patel, Chittaranjan Das  and Moti Lal Nehru were its prominent leaders.

Question 3.
When the Second World War broke out?
Answer:
The Second World War broke out in September 1, 1939 when Germany invaded Poland. On September 3, Britain also joined war in favor of Poland. The Govt, of India immediately joined the War without consulting the national Congress. The annoyed Congressmen in protest tendered registrations in the seven Provinces.

MP Board Class 8th Social Science Chapter 19 Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
Why Khilafat Movement was started?
Answer:
At the end of First World War, Turkey defeated by the British forces suffered injustice at the Lands of Britain. Khalifa was dethroned from his post. He was the religious head of the Muslims and Muslim community in India opposed this heinous act against Turkey. In 1919 under the leadership of Mohammed Ali Jinnah, Shaukat Ali, Maulana Azad the Khilafat committee war formed.

The objective of Khilafat movement was to protest against the injustice done to Khalifa and Turkey. The Khilafat movement was given full supports by Gandhiji and the Indian National Congress.

Question 2.
What were the major objectives of Swaraj Dal?
Answer:

Main objectives of Swaraj Dal:

• To achieve Swaraj
• To interrupt official work
• To oppose the policies of British Govt
• To develop national awakening
• To enter Councils by election.

The members of Swaraj Dal Vithallbhai Patel, Chittaranjan Das and Pt. Moti Lal Nehru and other members jointly formed an independent forum and put up demands before the Govt. when the Govt, did not consider the demands they interrupted the Govt, working.

Question 3.
Why Gandhiji put off the Non-cooperation Movement?
Answer:
Gandhiji withdraw Non-cooperation Movement because an excited crowd of people set fire to a police station at Chauri Chaura in Uttar Pradesh which caused the death of 22 policemen including as Inspector. Mahatma Gandhi was pained to see that the country had not understood the message of non-violence.

MP Board Class 8th Social Science Chapter 19 Long Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
Describe about the Jallianwala Bagh Massacre?
Answer:
There was a great resentment among the people on the restrictions on the entry of Gandhiji and other leaders in Punjab. This protest grew more intense when two leaders of Punjab Dr. Satpal and Dr. Saifuddin Kichlu were arrested without any reason by Deputy Commissioner of Amritsar. The people took out a peaceful rally in protest of this arrest. The police tried to stop the procession but failing to stop they fired.

After that the procession became very violent and people set houses on fire. The Govt, handed over the charge of Amritsar in the hands of General 0 Dyer on April 10, 1919. On the day of Baisakhi on April 13, 1919 a General Meeting was held at 4:30 p.m. in Jallianwala Bagh. Ten thousand people gathered there.

General Dyer reached there with 400 armed laced troops and without prior information to the crowd he ordered firing. The firing resulted in thousands of death and large number of people met fatal injuries. This heinous act of inhumanity hurt the feelings of Indians all over the country. They organised protests against British Government.

Question: 2.
What were the key programmes of Non-Cooperation Movement?
Answer:
In December 1920 in Nagpur the Congress session unanimously adopted the non-cooperation proposals mooted by Gandhiji. The movement was supposed to be fully peaceful. And to show non-cooperation with the Govt, at all level. The movements had two sides:
Answer:

1. To denounce Govt, posts and titles.
2. Boycott Govt, schools and colleges.
3. Boycott Judiciary.
4. Not to pay taxes.
5. Boycott of foreign goods and clothes.

B. Positive side:

1. Establish national schools and colleges.
2. To settle disputes by Panchayats.
3. Stress on truth and non-violence.
4. To promote Charkha for spinning and weaving.
5. To enroll one crore volunteers to make the movement successful.

The Non-cooperation Movement was soon a success among the masses.

Question 3.
Explain the Civil Disobedience Movement.
Answer:

The Civil Disobedience Movement was launched in 1930. The chief reasons were:

1. Peaceful hartals, demonstrations, meetings, requests and appeal were not heeded by the government.
2. Repression was let loose on peaceful people by die British Government.
3. The leaders of the movement wanted to force government to accede to their demands. They wanted complete freedom for their country.
4. There was no other alternative left but to disobey the British Government.

The defiance of the Salt Law followed by the spread of Civil Disobedience Movement. This Movement meant more than the violation of the Salt Law. There were held demonstrations, hartals, boycott of foreign goods, and later refusal to pay taxes. The lakhs of people participated in the movement, including a large number of women. The Government resorted to firings and lathi charges. As a result, hundreds of people were killed and thousands of them were imprisoned.

Question 4.
What is Cripps Mission? Mention about it?
Answer:

Cripps Mission:
The British Govt, desperately needed Indian support during the Second World War. The Southern frontier of India was being threatened by the importing Japanese forces. On the other hand, Indian National Army in Rangoon was awaiting to attack India through the route of Burma under these circumstances Stratford Cripps was sent to India to assure Indians about the future course and self-rule in India.

According to Cripps proposal dominion status was to be granted to India. Even a Constituent
Assembly was proposed but almost every party opposed this proposal on various grounds.

Question 5.
Write note on the Quit India Movement?
Answer:
Quit India Movement was a call to the British regime to leave India for ever and handover its governance to its people. This movement was launched by Mahatma Gandhi in 1942. The call of Mahatma Gandhi was given a prompt and effective response by the people.

As a result of the movement, the British Government arrested many Congress leaders including Gandhiji and declared Indian National Congress illegal. On this, the Indians rose in open rebellion against the Britishers. They set fire to many police stations, destroyed post offices, Railway stations and other Government buildings. At this, thousand of people were arrested and while the other thousands were shot dead.

MP Board Class 8th Social Science Solutions

In this article, we will share MP Board Class 10th Social Science Book Solutions Chapter 2 Resources of India: Agricultural Crop, Mineral and Power Resoureces Pdf, These solutions are solved subject experts from the latest edition books.

MP Board Class 10th Social Science Solutions Chapter 2 Resources of India: Agricultural Crop, Mineral and Power Resoureces

MP Board Class 10th Social Science Chapter 2 Text Book Exercise

Objective Type Questions

Mp Board Class 10th Social Science Chapter 2 Question 1.
Multiple Choice Questions:
(Choose the correct answer from the following)

Question (a)
Largest producer of rubber in India is:
(a) Kerala
(b) Tamil Nadu
(c) Assam
(d) Karnataka.
Answer:
(a) Kerala

Question (b)
Blue revolution is related to:
(a) Fruit Production
(b) Fish Production
(c) Sheep rearing
(d) Milk Production
Answer:
(b) Fish Production

Question (c)
Which of the following is not a type of an Iron Ore?
(a) Haematite
(b) Magnetite
(c) Siderite
(d) Bauxite
Answer:
(d) Bauxite

Question (d)
Madhya Pradesh ranks first in the production of which of the following minerals?
(a) Iron
(b) Mica
(c) Gold
(d) Diamond
Answer:
(d) Diamond

Chapter 2 Social Science Class 10 Mp Board Question 2.
Fill in the blanks:

1. Yellow revolution is related to ………………….
2. White revolution propagated ……………… in India.
3.  …………….. state has the highest yield per hectare of wheat.
4.  ………………. state of India ranks first in the production of soyabean.

Answer:

1. oil seed
2. milk
3. Punjab
4. Madhya Pradesh.

Mp Board Solutions For Class 10 Social Science Chapter 2 Question 3.
Match the Column:

Answer:

1. (b)
2. (e)
3. (d)
4. (a)
5. (c)

MP Board Class 10th Social Science Chapter 2 Short Answer Type Questions

Social Science Class 10 Chapter 2 Mp Board Question 1.
What are food crops? Differentiate kharif and rabi crops?
Answer:
Food Crops:
By Food crops we mean the crops which are the main components of food. Rice, wheat, maize, bajra, gram and other pulser are included in good crop.
Difference between kharif and rabi crops:

Kharif Crops:

1. Season for growing kharif crops is. from June-July to October – November.
2. Harvesting is done in September.
3. Major crops are rice, maize, jowar, millets, moog, urad, cotton, grondnuts, etc.

Rabi Crops:

1. Season for growing rabi crops is from October-November to March – April.
2. Harvesting is done in March- April.
3. Major crops are wheat, gram, barley, oil seeds, etc.

Social Science Class 10 Mp Board Solutions Question 2.
What do you mean by green revolution?
Answer:
Green Revolution means rapid increase in agricultural production by the use of seeds of high yieldding variety, chemical fertilizers and new technology.

Class 10 Social Science Chapter 2 Question 3.
Differentiate white and yellow revolution?
Answer:
White Revolution is related to animal rearing for increasing milk production with the help of dairy development programmes in rural areas. While Yellow Revolution is related to the productions of crop for edible and oil seeds.

Class 10th Social Science Chapter 2 Question 4.
What are the components of Medicinal Gardening method?
Answer:
Medicinal and Aromatic plants:
These plants are used in India from ancient times. About 2000 indigenous species are identified as medicinal plants, 1300 species as aromatic plants. There is great demand of these plants and herbs in Indian system of medicine such as Ayurveda, Unani and Siddha.

Looking to the demand of these plants,the systematic cultivation of these indigenous species has been started. Ministry of Forest and Environment has identified 9500 species of plants which are used as medicinal plants.

Social Science Class 10 Chapter 2 Question 5.
State the main provisions of horticulture development programme?
Answer:
Main provisions of horticulture development programme are:

1. To establish graft bank to increase the production of quality plants and fulfill its demand.
2. To increase the productivity and production of horticultural Grops.
3. For testing soil and leaves facilities of laboratories, nursery, pali house and green house has to be increased.
4. To increase the production of high quality hybrid products.
5. To increase the basic amenities for marketing and export.

Mp Board Solution Class 10 Social Science Question 6.
What is the importance of minerals?
Answer:
Minerals are the basis of modern industrial development. Machines in the industries, ships, high buildings, different types of weapons, coins and other metallic things we use, all are the gift of mineral substances. These minerals are basis of industrial development in the country. There would have been no industrial production and development if we were not having metals and minerals.

Chapter 2 Class 10 Social Science Question 7.
What are the different types of metallic minerals?
Answer:
Minerals which contain metals in sufficient quantity are called metallic minerals. These are divided into ferrous and non – ferrous. Some common ferrous minerals are iron ore, manganese, copper, lead, tin, zinc etc.

Class 10 Chapter 2 Social Science Question 8.
What is the importance of iron in modem context?
Answer:
Iron is the base of economic devlopment. Iron tools and instruments are used in agricultural and industrial infrastructure. We know iron is the main source of transport and communication. The present scientific and economics knowledge are dependent on the iron for their raw materials and production.

MP Board Class 10th Social Science Chapter 2 Long Answer Type Questions

Chapter 2 Social Science Class 10 Question 1.
Explain the contribution of agriculture to Indian economy? (MP Board 2009)
Or
Write the contribution of agriculture in Indian economy? (MP Board 2009)
Answer:
Role of Agriculture in Indian Economy:
Agriculture is our primary occupation. It includes both cultivation of crops and animal rearing. Contribution and importance of 7 agriculture can be seen in Indian economy as follow:

1. 17 per cent population of the world survives on Indian agriculture, 2/3rd population of India depends on agriculture for their livelihood.

2. Two third labour power of the country is engaged in Indian agriculture. Many people get their employment indirectly also. Either they are engaged in handicrafts or in small industries based on agricultural products in rural areas. Agriculture can give employment to large number of people.

3. Agriculture gives raw material for clothing. Clothes are made from cotton, jute, silk, wool and wood pulp. Leather industry is also based on agriculture. It is the basis of all the industries using agricultural products as raw material. Cotton industry, jute industry, edible oil industry, sugar and tobacco all these industries are based on agricultural products. Agriculture contributes about. 34 per cent to the income from agricultural products.

4. Indian agriculture is sustaining the increasing population. Agricultural products gives carbohydrates, proteins, fats and vitamins regarding food products. Mahatma Gandhi says, “Life depends on agriculture. Where agriculture is not beneficial, life itself could not be beneficial there.”

Indian agriculture is the foundation stone of our country’s economy. Its success or failure directly affects the food problem, internal and external trade, means of transport and the national income. Therefore, it is said that importance of agriculture in the economy of India is same as the importance of soul in human body.

Class 10 Social Science Mp Board Question 2.
Describe the main agricultural crops of India and efforts made by the government for the development of agriculture?
Answer:
The main agricultural crops of India are cereals, pulses, oil seeds, fibre crops, beverage crops and cash crops.

1. Technological Reforms:
For the improvement of agricultural yield, new technologies and equipments have been introduced in the recent years. Some of them are as follows:

(a) Use of tube – wells and water – pumps, tractor, tiller, harrow, thresher, etc.
(b) Similarly, drip irrigation and sprinklers are used for irrigation.
(c) Chemical fertilizers which have been used on a large scale is now being supplemented by bio fertilizers.

2. Institutional Reforms:

• To initiate with, government provides facilities to the farmers. The government has started many programmes like Green Revolution, White Revolution and Operation Flood.
• The government has assembled small lands to make them economically practicable.
• Radio and television broadcasting tell farmers about the new and improved techniques of cultivation.
• The government also announced minimum price for the crop grown by the farmers to remove the elements of uncertainty.
• Provision of crop – insurance, rural banking and small – scale cooperative societies protect farmers against the losses caused by crop – failure or help farmers for the modernization of agriculture.

Class 10 Social Science Mp Board Solution Question 3.
Describe the distribution of iron or manganese producing areas in India?
Answer:
1. Iron – Ore:
Iron ore is the backbone of modern industrial civilization. India ranks eighth in iron producing areas of the world but with regard to high grade iron ore it ranks second. There are four varieties of iron ore – Haematite, Magnetite, Limonite and Siderite.

Mines of iron ore can be divided into following regions:

(a) North Eastern region:
The main iron reserves of Singhbhum district of Jharkhand State are Manoharpur, Pansiraburu, Budaburu, Gua, Noamandi. In Orissa iron reserves are located in Gorumahisani, Sulaipat and Badampahar in Mayurbhanj district.

(b) Central India region:
In this region iron reserves are located in Gua, in Jabalpur, Mandla and Balaghat districts of Madhya Pradesh, in Durg, Raigarh and Bilaspur districts of Chhattisgarh and in Chanda and Ratnagiri districts of Maharashtra. Important mines of Durga districts are Dhalli, Rajhara and Bailadila of Bastar. In Rajasthan mines are located in Aravalli ranges, Udaipur and Bhilwara, Dungarpur and Bundi districts.

(c) Peninsular region:
In Karnataka deposits occur in Chikmangalur,Bellary, North Kannad and Chitradurga districts, in Tiruchirapalli, Salem, South Arcadu districts of Tamil Nadu and in Andhra Pradesh ores are scattered through Anantapur, Kurnool and Nellore districts.

2. Manganese Ore:
Manganese has variety of uses therefore it is known as jack of trades. India stands second in the production of manganese in the world. 19 per cent of the total production of the world is extracted from here. Metal which contain manganese and iron both in excess is known as ferro – manganese alloy and when it is less than 5 per cent it is called Ferro alloy.

Manganese deposits in India are divided into three regions:

(a) Central India region:
This region contributes 50 per cent of the total manganese produced in India. The deposits in Maharashtra are located in Bhandara, Ratnagiri and Nagpur districts, Balaghat, Chhindwara, Seoni, Mandla, Dhar and Jhabua districts of Madhya Pradesh, Bastar district of Chhattisgarh, Kheda and Panchmahal districts of Gujarat and Udaipur and Banswada districts of Rajasthan.

(b) Peninsular region:
The deposits of Manganese ore in Karnataka are in North Kanara, Chitradurga, Chikmagalur, Shimoga, Bellary and Tumkur districts. In Andhra Pradesh it occurs in Visakhapatnam, Cuddapah and Srikakulam districts.

(c) North Eastern region:
In this region deposits of maganese ore are located in Singbhum district of Jharkhand and Keonjhar, Ganjam, Sundragarh and Belagihi districts of Orissa.

Mp Board Class 10th Social Science Solution In English Question 4.
Madhya Pradesh is rich in mineral resources. Explain?
Answer:
Madhya Pradesh is considered as rich in mineral resource because of prescence of not only manganese, bauxite and coal but also considered as most productive place for diamonds in India. Before the division of Chattisgarh, Madhya Pradesh was at the first place in India regarding mineral production but at present it is at third place after Jharkhand and Chattisgarh.

This state is still at first place in production of diamond, lime stone, copper and slate. It is at second place in the production of calcite, laterite and rock phosphate and at third place in manganese production.

Mp Board Social Science Book Class 10 Solutions Question 5.
Why Chota Nagpur Plateau is called the mineral wonder of the world? Explain?
Answer:
India has reserves of mineral wealth. Variety of minerals are found in our country. Chota Nagpur plateau contains rich deposits of minerals and is known as Mineral wonder of world. India’s 40 per cent minerals are found here. India is independent in some minerals and some minerals are exported after fulfilling our requirement. In the production pf minerals, Bihar and Jharkhand contributes 37 per cent, West Bengal 22 per cent and Madhya Pradesh and Chhatisgarh 16 per cent.

Mp Board Solution Class 10th Social Science Question 6.
Describe the iron producing areas of India and its uses? (MP Board 2009)
Answer:
The main iron reserves of Singhbhum district of Jharkhand state are Manoharpur, Gua, Pansiraburu, Noamandi. In Orissa iron reserves are located in Sulaipat, Gorumahisani and Badampdhar in Mayurbhanj district.

Jabalpur, Mandla and Balaghat districts of Madhya Pradesh in Durg, Raigarh and Bilaspur district of Chhattisgarh and in Chanda and Ratnagiri districts of Maharashtra. In Rajasthan mines are located in Aravalli ranges, Udaipur and Bhilwara, Dungarpur and Bundi districts.

Its uses:
Iron has largely contributed to the man’s economic development throughout the history of mankind. Different ages of development either tool – type culture or iron cultures iron throw a good deal of light on the importance of minerals and their role in the man’s history. Many of our present basic and heavy industries are run with the help of iron. Iron not only is the source of raw material but it also provides number of machines and other equipments for our industrial growth.

Question 7.
What are the uses of Mica? Where is Mica found in India?
Answer:
Mica is found in old metamorphic rock. It is layered, lighter and bright. It has insulating properties. It is used in many industries like pharmaceuticals, electric appliances, telephone, radio, aircraft, motor vehicles etc. India ranks second in the world in the production of mica. India contributes 26 per cent of the world production.

In India mica reserves are confined to Bihar, Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh, Rajasthan and Karnataka. Bihar and Jharkhand contribute 60 per cent of the total production in India. Deposites of mica occur in. Gaya, Monghyr and Hazaribagh districts of Bihar. The world famous high quality bright white mica occurs in Bihar, therefore the mica of Bihar is known as Ruby Mica.

Mica occurs in Nilgiri, Madurai, Coimbatore and Salem districts of Tamil Nadu, Nellore, Guntur, Visakhapatnam and Western Godavari districts of Andhra Pradesh. Here the colour of the mica is green and is easily identified. In Rajasthan it occurs in Bhilwara, Jaipur, Udaipur, Tonk, Sikar and Ajmer districts, Gwalior districts of Madhya Pradesh, Bastar district of Chhattisgarh, Hassan district of Karnataka, PunnallOre district of Kerala, Mahendragarh and Gurgaon districts of Haryana and Kinnaur district of Himachal Pradesh also have deposits of mica.

MP Board Class 10th Social Science Chapter 2 Additional Important Questions

Objective Type Questions

Question 1.
Multiple Choice Questions:
(Choose the correct answer from the following)

Question (a)
‘Regur’ is related to which variety of soil?
(a) Laterite
(b) Alluvial
(c) Red
(d) Black.
Answer:
(d) Black.

Question 2.
Which of the following is the atomic fuels?
(a) Potasium
(b) Cadmium
(c) Uranium
(d) All of these.
Answer:
(c) Uranium

Question 3.
The cultivation of fruits and flowers is called:
(a) Sericulture
(b) Floriculture
(c) Pisiculture
(d) None of these.
Answer:
(b) Floriculture

Question 4.
Volatile carbon means:
(a) Cloak
(b) Coke
(c) Yoke
(d) None of these.
Answer:
(b) Coke

Question 5.
White revolution is related to –
(a) Agriculture
(b) Animal rearing
(c) Oil seeds
(d) Fisheries
Answer:
(b) Animal rearing

Question 2.
Fill in the blanks:

1. Multicrop system is related to agricultural …………………….
2. Bio – mass the source of ………………… energy.
3. Largest producer state of rice is ……………………….
4. Green revolution is related to …………………. (MP Board 2009)
5. ………………. promoted in India by white revolution. (MP Board 2009)
6. Panna is the district of M.P where ……………….. agricultural production are found.
7. Progress in production and productivity in fisheries sector is called …………………..

Answer:

1. production
2. non – conventional.
3. West Bengal
4. agricultural production
5. milk
6. diamonds
7. Blue Revolution.

Question 3.
True and False type questions:

1. Uttar Pradesh is leading in the wheat production.
2. Maharashtra is leading in the per hectare production of sugarcane.
3. Jatropha, a plant variety in the feature source of petroleum.
4. Jharkhand, the state of India is called ‘requried’ of India,
5. Boxide is the sourfce of uranium.

Answer:

1. True
2. True
3. True
4. False
5. False.

Question 4.
Match the following:

Answer:

1. (c)
2. (a)
3. (e)
4. (b)
5. (d)

Answer in One – Two Words or One Sentence

Question 1.
Name the principal spices grown in India?
Answer:
Pepper, cardamom, mace, cinnamon, ginger, nut meg, cassis and cloves.

Question 2.
Name the states producing maximum spices in India?
Answer:
Kerala and Karnataka states.

Question 3.
Name the principal beverage crops of India?
Answer:
Tea, coffee and coco.

Question 4.
What is the rank of India in world as tea producer?
Answer:
India ranks first as tea producing country in the world.

Question 5.
Which agricultural product is known as golden fibre?
Answer:
Jute.

Question 6.
Which two states of India lead in the production of tobacco?
Answer:
Gujarat and Andhra Pradesh.

Question 7.
Which cattle in India is called the poorman’s cow?
Answer:
Goat.

Question 8.
Name the states of India in which ideal dairy cooperatives have been established?
Answer:
Gujarat.

Question 9.
Name four iron – ore producing states of India?
Answer:
Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand, Orissa and Karnataka.

Question 10.
Name four magnese – ore producing states of India?
Answer:
Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Orissa and Karnataka.

Question 11.
Name three most important coal producing states of India?
Answer:
Madhya Pradesh, Jharkhand and Chhattisgarh.

Question 12.
Which state of India produces copper the most?
Answer:
Madhya Pradesh.

Question 13.
What is meant by ore?
Answer:
A rock in which one type of mineral occurs in concentration is called ore.

Question 14.
Where is Bombay High? What for is it important?
Answer:
The off shore oil field that has been discovered near Bombay is known as Bombay High.

Question 15.
Which type of climatic conditions are required for the production of tea?
Answer:
Tea survives well in warm moist climate with frequent showers well distributed over the year.

Question 16.
Name the principal tea producing area of India?
Answer:
Hill slopes of Assam, Darjeeling and Jalpaiguri hills in north east India and the Nilgiri hills in South India.

Question 17.
What is agriculture?
Answer:
Agriculture is a sort of primary occupation which include farming, animal rearing, fishing and frosting.

Question 18.
What do you understand by horticulture?
Answer:
The cultivation of flowers, fruits or vegetables by. intensive methods of farming is known as horticulture.

Question 19.
Describe Criloe?
Answer:
It is known as gudbail, gabe and guruchi. It is found on the boundaries of fields.

MP Board Class 10th Social Science Chapter 2 Very Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
What are the timings of sowing and harvesting of Kharif crops and Rabi crops?
Answer:
Kharif crop:
Sowing June and July. Harvesting at the end of monsoon.

Rabi crop:
Sowing November and December. Harvesting April and May.

Question 2.
Name the nuclear power plants in India?
Answer:
The four nuclear power plants in India are:

1. Tarapur in Maharashtra
2. Rana Pratap Sagar in Rajasthan and
3. Kalpakkam near Tamil Nadu
4. Narora in U.P.

Question 3.
Where is Bhabha Atomic Research Centre situated?
Answer:
The Bhabha Atomic Research Centre has been set up by India at Trombay near Bombay. It has been named after its founder Homi J. Bhabha a great scientist.

Question 4.
Name the fourth Atomic Power Station established in India. Where is it located?
Answer:
The fourth Atomic plant is located at Narora on the banks of Ganga in Uttar Pradesh. Other three Nuclear power station are: Tarapur Atomic Power Station at Trombay near Maharashtra and Gujarat Border, at Rawat Bhatt near Kota in Rajasthan and Kalpakkam in Tamilnadu.

Question 5.
How can you say that India is a unique country from agricultural point of view?
Answer:
It is because, it has vast expanse of level land, rich soil, wide climatic variations suited for various types of crops, ample sunshine and a long growing season.

Question 6.
Explain the term “minerals”?
Answer:
Mineral resource is a natural occurrence of inorganic homogeneous substances usually crystalline with a definite chemical composition. They are formed through various geological process taking place in the erath.

Question 7.
What is the importance of manganese?
Answer:
Manganese is important because it is needed in the preparation of iron and steel and in making their alloys. Manganese is also used to manufacture bleaching powder, paints, insecticides and batteries.

Question 8.
What is the use of manganese to us? Where is it extracted in India?
Answer:
Manganese is used in the hardening of steel. It is extracted from Orissa, Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, Rajasthan and Bihar.

Question 9.
List some non – conventional source of energy?
Answer:

1. Solar energy
2. Wind energy
3. Biomass enorgy
4. Geothermal energy.

MP Board Class 10th Social Science Chapter 2 Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
Explain white revolution?
Answer:
White revolution is closely related to animal rearing. White revolution means increase in milk production with the help of dairy development programmes in rural areas. This is also known as operation flood.

This mission was started from Khera district of Gujarat and covered other states like Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh, Punjab, Haryana, Rajasthan and Uttar Pradesh. In 1999 – 2000 total milk production in the country was 781 lakh tonnes which has increased to 850 lakh tonnes in 2001 – 2002.

Question 2.
What do you mean by yellow revolution? Explain?
Answer:
The strategy of research and development in the field of production of crops for edible oil and oil seeds is known as yellow revolution. Various efforts have been made to increase oil seed production.

Technology mission was started in 1987 – 1988 by Government of India in which oil seed production achieved a major breakthrough with the help of societies organised at national, state and local level, agricultural research institutions and loan providing agencies. Government facilitated the storage and distribution facilities and fixed the price.

Question 3.
Explain blue revolution and pink revolution?
Answer:
Blue revolution:
Progress in production and productivity in fisheries sector in the country is called Blue Revolution. India is the world’s third largest producer of fish. A project is launched in five states in collaboration with World Bank to increase fish production in the country.

Pink revolution:
Natural minerals and vitamins play an important role to enhance disease resistance capacity in the body. Emphasis is given on growing fruits in tropical, and temperate climate (apple, mango, banana, coconut, pineapple, cashewnut, oranges, lemon, almond) using the soil and varied climate of our country, this is named as pink revolution.

Question 4.
What do you. mean by geothermal energy?
Answer:
India it not suited to this source of energy as there are no meaningful springs and geysers in the country. Efforts are being made to use the hot spring of Manikaran, Himachal Pradesh as a source of geothermal energy. A plant to produce 300 kW electricity is developing in Tatapani, Chhattisgarh. The production of electricity from geothermal energy is controlled by National Geothermal Research Institute, Hyderabad.

Question 5.
Write a short note on solar energy?
Answer:
Solar energy is an inexhaustible source of power. It can be a perennial source of power where there is abundant sunshine. The tropical zone countries are best suited to produce solar energy. Substantial increase has been made in the number of solar cookers in the country. Small and medium sized solar power plants can help solve to the power problems in rural areas to a considerable extent.

Question 6.
Differentiate between natural gas and bio – gas?
Answer:
Difference between Natural gas and Bio – gas:
Natural – gas:

1. It is obtained in natural form.
2. It is availbale in large quantities.
3. It is used, as a source of power. 4. It is used as raw material in petro-chemical industries.

Bio – gas:

1. It is obtained from shrubs, farm wastes, animal and human wastes.
2. It is available in limited quantities. It is used mostly in rural areas.
3. It is not used as raw material.

Question 7.
Differentiate between conventional and non – convential sources of energy?
Answer:
Difference between conventional and non – conventional sources of energy:
Conventional sources – of energy:

1. The sources of energy which have been in use for a long time, e.g., coal, petroleum, natural gas and water power.
2. They are exhaustible except water.
3. They cause pollution when used, as they emit smoke and ash.
4. Their generation and use involves huge expenditure.

Non – conventional sources of energy:

1. The resources which are yet in the process of development over the past few years. It includes solar, wind, tidal, biogas, biomass, geothermal.
2. They are inexhaustible.
3. They are generally pollution – free.
4. Very meagre amount of money is required for their use and generation.

MP Board Class 10th Social Science Chapter 2 Long Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
What is the most significant characteristic of Green Revolution?
Answer:
Large scale production coupled with commericial nature of agriculture is the main and significant characteristic of green revolution. The breakthrough that we have achieved in the production of wheat is called green revolution. The revolution has been brought about by bringing more and more land under farming and using new as well as scientific techniques of farming.

High yielding variety of seeds, manures, chemical fertilizers and assured irrigation facilities have provided to the farmers an opportunity to enhance their produce substantially. India witnessed a boom in agriculture especially in wheat which had a record production in Punjab and Haryana.

Question 2
What role does power play in the industrialization of our country?
Answer:
Power plays an important role in the industrialization of a country. It was the use of power the brought the industrial revolution and gave rise to the large scale production but it also made things easy for , the man to run heavy and giant machines.

Steam engines are run by using coal as source of energy along with other power resources. Mineral oil provides energy and motive power for automobiles, aeroplanes, ships etc. They help in transporting raw material and manufactured goods from one place to another. Power provided development of varipus industries in our country.

Question 3.
Compare and contrast conventional and non – conventional sources of energy?
Answer:
Conventional sources of energy are those which are of common use. These resources are exhaustible and cannot be replenished. For example coal, petroleum and gas are the non-renewable resources. Once they are exhausted they cannot be used again. These sources are also the great pollutants.

Non – conventional sources of energy on the other hand are the method used in the modern time for generating power and energy. The non – conventional sources of energy are: winds, tides, geothermal energy beams, farm and animal waste including human excreta. These sources are renewable and inexhaustible resources of energy. They are also inexpensive in nature.

Question 4.
Bring out the differences between thermal power and a hydel power?
Answer:
Thermal power is obtained from turbines run by using the steam produced by coal. It is being used from the past is expected that the total reserves of coal would be finished very soon if its consumption is not regulated. Thus the electricity generated by coal, petroleum and gas it not permanent source of power. It has already started showing the signs of exhaustion.

Hydel power is generated from turbines run by the use of running water. It is a permanent source of electricity supply as the supply of water cannot exhaust like that of coal and petroleum etc. Thus, every country of the world is depending more and more upon hydel power than on thermal power now.

Question 5.
Name oil refineries of India?
Answer:
Oil Refineries of India are:

1. Digboi (Assam)
2. Vishakhapatnam (A.P.)
3. Barauni (Bihar)
4. Koyali (Gujarat)
5. Haldia (West Bengal)
6. Mathura (Uttar Pradesh)
7. Mangalore (Karnataka)
8. Bhatinda (Punjab)
9. Numaligarh (Assam)
10. Trombay (Maharahstra)
11. Noonmati 1
12. Kochi (Kerala)
13. Chennai (Tamilnadu)
14. Bongaigaon (Assam)
15. Panipat (Haryana)
16. Jamnagur (Gujarat)
17. Narimanam (Tamil Nadu)
18. Tatipaka (Andhra Pradesh)

Question 6.
On an outline map of India show the major minerals?
Answer:

MP Board Class 7th Sanskrit Solutions Surbhi Chapter 4 चाणक्यवचनानि

MP Board Class 7th Sanskrit Chapter 4 अभ्यासः

कक्षा 7 संस्कृत पुस्तक Mp Board प्रश्न 1.
एक शब्द में उत्तर लिखो
(क) अपाठितः बालः कुत्र न शोभते? [अशिक्षित बालक कहाँ शोभा नहीं देता?]
उत्तर:
सभामध्ये

(ख) महतां धनं किम्? [श्रेष्ठ लोगों का धन क्या है?]
उत्तर:
मानः

(ग) तक्षकस्य विषं कुत्र वर्तते? [तक्षक प्रजाति के सर्प में विष कहाँ होता है?]
उत्तर:
दन्ते

(घ) प्रवासे विद्या कीदृशी भवति? [परदेश में विद्या किसके समान होती है?]
उत्तर:
मातृसदृशी

(ङ) वृश्चिकस्य विषं कुत्र वर्तते? [बिच्छू में विष कहाँ होता है?]
उत्तर:
पुच्छे

(च) मक्षिकायाः विषं कुत्र वर्तते? [मक्खी में विष कहाँ होता है?]
उत्तर:
मुखे।

Mp Board Class 7th Sanskrit Chapter 4 प्रश्न 2.
एक वाक्य में उत्तर लिखो-
(क) के मानम् इच्छन्ति? [कौन सम्मान चाहते हैं?]
उत्तर:
उत्तमजना: मानम् इच्छन्ति। [उत्तम श्रेणी के व्यक्ति सम्मान चाहते हैं।।]

(ख) सुखार्थी किंन प्राप्नोति? [सुख चाहने वाले व्यक्ति को क्या प्राप्त नहीं होता?]
उत्तर:
सुखार्थी विद्याम् न प्राप्नोति। [सुख चाहने वाले व्यक्ति को विद्या प्राप्त नहीं होती।]

(ग) विद्यार्थी किंन प्राप्नोति? [विद्यार्थी को क्या प्राप्त नहीं होता?]
उत्तर:
विद्यार्थी सुखम् न प्राप्नोति। [विद्यार्थी को सुख प्राप्त नहीं होता।]

(घ) विद्या कीदृशं धनं भवति? [विद्या को किस प्रकार का धन कहा गया है?]
उत्तर:
विद्यां सर्वदाफलदायिनी भवति अतः सा गुप्तधनं भवति। [विद्या सदैव सुफल देने वाली होती है, अत: उसे गुप्त धन कहा गया है।]

(ङ) घटः कथं पूर्यते? [घड़ा कैसे भरता है?]
उत्तर:
जलबिन्दु निपातेन क्रमशः घटः जलेन पूर्णः भवति। [जल की बूंदें क्रमशः गिराने से घड़ा पूरा भर जाता है।

Mp Board Class 7 Sanskrit Chapter 4 प्रश्न 3.
कोष्ठक से उचित शब्द का चयन करके रिक्त स्थानों को भरो-
(क) ………… मानम् इच्छन्ति। (अधमाः/उत्तमाः)
(ख) विद्यार्थिनः कुतः ……….. (सुखमः/दुःखम्)
(ग) मक्षिकायाः ……….. विषम्। (पुच्छे/मुखे)
(घ) सुपुत्रेण ……….. यथा। (कुलं/वनम्)
(ङ) हंसमध्ये ……….. यथा। (बकः/बाल:)
उत्तर:
(क) उत्तमाः
(ख) सुखम्
(ग) मुखे
(घ) कुलं
(ङ) बकोः।

Mp Board Class 7 Sanskrit Solution प्रश्न 4.
अधोलिखित शब्दों के विलोम शब्द लिखो
(क) सुखार्थी
(ख) दुर्जनः
(ग) सत्यम्
(घ) गुणः
(ङ) धर्मः
(च) सुपुत्रः।
उत्तर:
(क) दुःखार्थी
(ख) सज्जनः
(ग) अनृतम्
(घ) अवगुणः
(ङ) अधर्मः
(च) कुपुत्रः।

कक्षा 7 संस्कृत पुस्तक Pdf Mp Board प्रश्न 5.
समानार्थक शब्दों को लिखो-
(क) माता
(ख) वनम्
(ग) पुत्रः
(घ) धनम्।
उत्तर:
(क) जननी
(ख) अरण्यम्
(ग) सुतः
(घ) वित्तम्।

7 वीं कक्षा संस्कृत गाइड In Hindi Mp Board प्रश्न 6.
पदों (शब्दों) की विभक्ति और वचन लिखो
(क) माता
(ख) पिता
(ग) उत्तमाः
(घ) विद्यानाम्
(ङ) पुष्पितेन।
उत्तर:
(क) प्रथमा-एकवचन
(ख) प्रथमा-एकवचन
(ग) प्रथमा-बहुवचन
(घ) षष्ठी-बहुवचन
(ङ) तृतीयाएकवचन।

संस्कृत सुरभि कक्षा 7 MP Board प्रश्न 7.
क्रिया पदों के धातु, वचन और पुरुष लिखो-
(क) पूर्यन्ते
(ख) सेवध्वे
(ग) इच्छन्ति
(घ) लभावहे।
उत्तर:
(क) पूर-अन्य पुरुषः-बहुवचन
(ख) सेव-मध्यम पुरुष-बहुवचन
(ग) इच्छ-अन्य पुरुषः-बहुवचन
(घ) लभ्- उत्तम पुरुष-द्विवचन।

Mp Board Class 7th Sanskrit Solution प्रश्न 8.
श्लोकों के अंशों को उचित रूप से जोड़ो

उत्तर:
(क) → (4)
(ख) → (1)
(ग) → (2)
(घ) → (3)

कक्षा 7 संस्कृत पाठ 4 MP Board प्रश्न 9.
उदाहरण के अनुसार अन्वय की पूर्ति करो
(1) सुखार्थी चेत् ………… त्यजेत्, विद्यार्थी ………… सुखं ……….. , सुखार्थिनः विद्यां विद्यार्थिनः ………… कुतः।
(2) तक्षकस्य ……….. विषं, ………… मुखे विषं, ……….. पुच्छे विषं दुर्जनस्य ……… विषम्।
उत्तर:
(1) विद्या, चेत्, त्यजेत्, त्यजेत्, सुखम्।
(2) दन्ते, मच्छिकायाः, वृश्चिकस्य, तु सर्वाङ्गे।

चाणक्यवचनानि हिन्दी अनुवाद 

चाणक्यः चन्द्रगुप्तमौर्यस्य गुरुः आसीत्। सः महान राजनीतिज्ञ अर्थशास्त्रज्ञश्च आसीत्। “चाणक्यनीतिः कौटिलीयमर्थशास्त्रम्” इति द्वौ ग्रन्थौ प्रसिद्धौ स्तः। चाणक्यः नन्दवंशस्य उन्मूलनं कृत्वा चन्द्रगुप्तमौर्यं सिंहासने स्थापितवान्। तस्य वचनानि अत्र प्रस्तूयन्ते

अनुवाद :
चाणक्य चन्द्रगुप्त मौर्य के गुरु थे। वे राजनीति के एक महान ज्ञाता और अर्थशास्त्र के जानकार थे। ‘चाणक्यनीति तथा कौटिलीय अर्थशास्त्र’ इनके दो प्रसिद्ध ग्रन्थ हैं। चाणक्य ने नन्दवंश का विनाश करके चन्द्रगुप्त मौर्य को सिंहासन पर बैठाया। उनके वचनों को यहाँ प्रस्तुत किया जाता है-

माता शत्रुः पिता वैरी, येन बालो न पाठितः।
न शोभते सभामध्ये, हंसमध्ये बको यथा॥१॥

अनुवाद :
जिन माता और पिता ने बालकों को शिक्षा नहीं दिलायी, वे (दोनों) शत्रु हुआ करते हैं। (अशिक्षित) बालक सभा में उसी तरह शोभा नहीं पाते जिस तरह हंसों के मध्य बगुला शोभा नहीं पाता।

अधमाः धनमिच्छन्ति, धनं मानं च मध्यमाः।
उत्तमाः मानमिच्छन्ति, मानो हि महतां धनम्॥ २॥

अनुवाद :
नीच व्यक्ति धन की इच्छा किया करते हैं। मध्यम श्रेणी के व्यक्ति धन और मान-सम्मान दोनों को ही चाहते हैं। उत्तम श्रेणी के व्यक्ति मात्र सम्मान ही चाहते हैं, क्योंकि सम्मान ही महापुरुषों के लिए धन हुआ करता है।

जलबिन्दुनिपातेन क्रमशः पूर्यते घटः।
स हेतुः सर्वविद्यानां धर्मस्य च धनस्य च॥३॥

अनुवाद :
जल की बूंदों को लगातार गिराते रहने से घड़ा भर जाता है। सभी विद्याओं, धर्म तथा धन के विषय में यही कारण हुआ करता है अर्थात् विद्या, धर्म तथा धन का संचय थोड़ा-थोड़ा करके भी बहुत अधिक हो जाता है।

सुखार्थी चेत्त्यजेत् विद्या, विद्यार्थी चेत्त्यजेत्सुखम्।
सुखार्थिनः कुतो विद्या विद्यार्थिनः कुतस्सुखम्॥४॥

अनुवाद :
सुख चाहने वाले को विद्या का त्याग कर देना चाहिए तथा विद्यार्थी को (विद्या की चाहना करने वाले को) सुख का त्याग कर देना चाहिए। सुख चाहने वाले को विद्या कहाँ और विद्यार्थी को सुख कहाँ? अर्थात् सुख की इच्छा करने वाले व्यक्ति को विद्या नहीं मिल सकती और विद्या चाहने वाले व्यक्ति को सुख नहीं मिल सकता।

तक्षकस्य विषं दन्ते मक्षिकायाः विषं मुखे।
वृश्चिकस्य विषं पुच्छे, सर्वाङ्गे दुर्जनस्य तु॥५॥

अनुवाद :
तक्षक प्रजाति के सर्प के दाँत में विष होता है। मक्खी के मुख में विष होता है। बिच्छू की पूँछ में विष होता है परन्तु दुष्ट व्यक्ति के तो सम्पूर्ण शरीर में ही विष होता है।

कामधेनुगुणा विद्या सर्वदाफलदायिनी।
प्रवासे मातृसदृशी विद्या गुप्तधनं स्मृतम्॥६॥

अनुवाद :
सभी फलों को प्रदान करने वाली विद्या में कामधेनु के समान गुण होते हैं। परेदश में रहने पर माता के समान विद्या होती है। इस तरह विद्या छिपा हुआ धन कहा जाता है।

एकेनापि सुवृक्षण पुष्पितेन सुगन्धिना।
वासितं तद्वनं सर्वं सुपुत्रेण कुलं यथा॥ ७॥

अनुवाद :
एक ही श्रेष्ठ वृक्ष पर फूलों के खिल जाने से उनकी अच्छी गन्ध ने उस सम्पूर्ण वन को सुगन्धित उसी प्रकार कर दिया, जिस तरह सुपुत्र के द्वारा वंश को सुगन्धित कर दिया जाता है (श्रेष्ठ बना दिया जाता है)।

चाणक्यवचनानि शब्दार्थाः

बकः = बगुला। महताम् = श्रेष्ठ लोगों का। अधमाः = निम्न कोटि के। तक्षकः = सर्प विशेष। मक्षिका = मक्खी। वृश्चिकः = बिच्छू। पुच्छे = पूँछ में। प्रवासे = यात्रा में या परदेश में रहने पर। वासितम् = सुगन्धित। कामधेनु गुणा = इच्छा पूरी करने वाली गाय के समान गुण वाली। मातृसदृशी = माता के समान।

MP Board Class 7th Sanskrit Solutions

Guys who are planning to learn the fundamentals of English can avail the handy study material using MP Board Solutions for Class 8 English Chapter 10 The Sacrifice Questions and Answers. You Can Download MP Board Class 8 English Solutions Questions and Answers, Notes, Summary, Guide, Pdf. Refer to the Madhya Pradesh State Board Solutions for English PDF available and score better grades. Simply click on the quick links available for MP Board Solutions for Class 8 English Chapter 10 The Sacrifice Questions and Answers and prepare all the concepts in it effectively. Take your preparation to the next level by availing the Madhya Pradesh State Board Solutions for Class 8 English prepared by subject experts.

MP Board Class 8th Special English Solutions Chapter 10 The Sacrifice

Do you feel the concept of English is difficult to understand? Not anymore with our MP Board Solutions for Class 8 English Chapter 10 The Sacrifice Questions and Answers. All the Solutions are given to you with detailed explanation and you can enhance your subject knowledge. Use the Madhya Pradesh State Board Solutions for Class 8 English PDF for free of cost and prepare whenever you want.

The Sacrifice Textual Exercise

Word Power

(A) Match column A with column B for finding the meaning of words in column
A.

Answers:
(i) – (iv)
(ii) – (vi)
(iii) – (i)
(iv) – (iii)
(v) – (v)
(vi) – (ii)
(vii) – (viii)
(viii) – (vii),
(ix) – (x)
(x) – (ix).

(B) Tick the words in Box A that are associated with King Shibi. Tick the words in Box B that are associated with the eagle. Tick the words in Box C that are associated with the Dove.

Answer:
Words associated with King Shibi :
Kind, righteous, justice, strong, calm, noble, trust, sacrifice, gentle.

Words associated with the eagle :
Indra, piercing, strong, hungry, wicked, thundering, prey, angers.

Words assoiciated with the dove :
innocent, white, panting, trembling, Agni, sad, flutters.

Comprehension

(A) Answer the following questions :

Class 8 English Chapter 9 The Sacrifice Question 1.
What were the two questions of King Shibi?
Answer:
Justice and righteousness were the two qualities of king Shibi.

The Sacrifice Class 8 MP Board Question 2.
Why was the eagle angry?
Answer:
The eagle was angry because the king refused it surrend the dove.

Mp Board Class 8 English Chapter 10 Question 3.
Why did the king refuse to surrender the dove?
Answer:
The king refused to surrender the dove because he thought that his foremost duty was to protect the innocent bird.

Lesson 8 The Sacrifice MP Board Question 4.
What did the eagle demand in place of dove?
Answer:
The eagle demanded king’s flesh equal to the weight of the dove.

Mp Board Class 8 English Chapter 9 The Sacrifice Question 5.
The eagle made the king’s sacri fice more difficult by laying down certain conditions. What were these?
Answer:
The certain conditions laid down by the eagle were –

1. The flesh must be cut from the right side of the king’s body.
2. The king’s wife and his son must be present at the sacrifice.

Class 8 English Chapter 10 Mp Board Question 6.
Why did a tear drop from the left eye of the king?
Answer:
A tear dropped from the left eye of the king for the weak and the unprotected dose. The king was upset to think that his flesh was not sufficient to protect the dove.

Question 7.
What happened to the eagle and the dove?
Answer:
The eagle and the dove vanished and is their place stood Indra, the chief of gods and Agni, the god of Fire.

(B) Choose the right answer :

(a) What did the king say when he saw the dove?
(i) Oh! What nonsense!
(ii) Oh! What an innocent bird!
(iii) Oh! what a poor bird!
(iv) Oh! take this bird away!
Answer:
(ii) Oh! What an innocent bird!

(b) What did the eagle ask the king?
(i) Keep the dove with you.
(ii) Give me shelter.
(iii) Surrender my prey.
(iv) I want to rest.
Answer:
(iii) Surrender my prey.

(c) What did the queen say to the king?
(i) We are not with you.
(ii) We don’t like your decision.
(iii) I am very scared.
(iv) We are with you and may all the gods be with you.
Answer:
(iv) We are with you and may all the gods be with you.

(d) ‘What did God Indra grant King Shibi?
(i) You have the highest place in heaven.
(ii) You don’t have a place in heaven.
(iii) You have a place in hell.
(iv) You will live on the earth only.
Answer:
(iv) You will live on the earth only.

Let’s learn

(A) Look at the words from the lesson : calmy, firmly, slowly, carefully, wickedly, gently.

These are ‘adverbs’. They tell us something more about the verbs. Rewrite the following sentences by changing the underlined words (adjectives) into Adverbs as given in the example :

Example – Hari speaks to his servant in a kind manner

Hari speaks kindly to his servant.

1. The dog gave a loud bark.
2. Beena narrated the incident in a cheerful mood.
3. She danced in a graceful manner.
4. Hari is an efficient worker.
5. Ravi made a strong appeal.

(B) Look at the following sentences from the lesson :

(a) Protecting it is my foremost duty.
(b) My cooks are famous for their cooking.

The words ‘protecting’ and ‘cooking’ are gerunds. Gerund is a noun (also called a ‘verbal noun’) in the form of the present present participle of a verb (that is, ending in-ing).

Use the verbs given below as gerunds in the following sentences,

pack, make, swim, collect, sleep, walk, play, paint.

1. ……….. is a good exercise.
2. Rhea’s hobby is ……….. stamps.
3. ……….. fun of others is not a good thing.
4. Children love ……….. cricket
5. ……….. in the morning is good.
6. ……….. during the day time is not good for health
7. ………….. is an art.
8. They started ………….. their luggage.

Answers:

1. Swimming
2. collecting,
3. Making
4. playing
5. Walking
6. Sleeping
7. painting
8. packing.

Let’s Talk

You meet an old-class fellow at the station. Read the first part of the dialogue. Then complete the dialogue using the correct tense form.

Rhea : Hello Priya! Is that really you!
Priya : Rhea! Oh! what a surprise! Rhea : Tell me about yourself. What have you been doing all these years!
Priya : My father got transferred. I am styding in Indore now.
Rhea : You have changed, Priya. I remember you used to be a bookworm. Tell me, do you still read a lot?
Priya : Oh no, Rhea! I have not read a book for months now. What about you? Do you still love music?
Answers:
Rhea : Yes, I love it too much even today.
Priya : What are you doing now a days.
Rhea : Now a days, I am preparing for my Medical exam.
Priya : After being a doctor, how will you serve the nation.
Rhea : I want to settle in the remote areas after being a doctor. I want to serve the poor people of our nation.

Let’s Read

Read the following passage carefully :

King Nanda of Magadh is holding court in his palace. He is surrounded by half a dozen courtiers who keep flattering him. They are listening to a musician.

Nanda : This fellow sings very well.
First Courtier : He is a talented singer, your highness! He has come from the far South to sing at your court.
Second courtier : The best men and women in Bharat come to this court.
Third courtier : That’s true. The best men and woman come to the best king.
Fourth courtier : The Court of Magadh is better than the court of Indra.
Nanda : I’m glad to hear that. I’m proud of you, my friends.
Courtiers : We’re proud of our king, we’re proud of Maharaj Ghana Nanda, the greatest of the Nandas. (The Chief Minister enters)
Chief Minister : Your highness. I’ve come about on urgent matter.
Nanda : Everything is urgent
for you. I don’t have any time for your urgent matters.
Courtiers : Minister Sir, His Highness is enjoying himself. Please don’t disturb him.

Now answer the following questions:

Question 1.
What is king Nanda doing in the court?
Answer:
He is holding court in his palace.

Question 2.
From where has the musician come?
Answer:
He has come from the far South.

Question 3.
Whose court is better than the court of Indra?
Answer:
The court of Magadh is better than the court of Indra.

Question 4.
What is the full name of the king?
Answer:
Maharaj Ghana Nanda.

Question 5.
Does the king like flattery?
Answer:
Yes, he likes flattery.

Question 6.
Why has the Chief Minister come to the court?
Answer:
He has come to the court taking an urgent matter.

Question 7.
Why does the courtier ask the Chief Minister not to disturb the king?
Answer:
They ask the Chief Minister not to disturb the king because he (king) is enjoying himself.

Question 8.
What is the moral of the story?
Answer:
One should give due importance to an urgent matter.

Let’s Write

(A) The following passage has not been edited three is an error in each line. Underline the error. Write the correct word in the space provided.
Polio is cause by three
different viruses. caused
Answer:

B. Now rewrite the passage that you have corrected.
Answer:
Polio is caused by three different viruses. A virus is a disease causing organism so small that it can pass through a filter which stops bacteria. A virus lives in a living cell. When polio virus enters the body, it travels by nerves and from the blood to the spinal cord and brain. There it grows in size in the gray matter of a spinal cord. When these nerve cells are swollen and sick, the muscles they control do not operate. They are paralysed. If the nerves recover, the muscles can move again. Otherwise they are paralysed forever.

The Sacrifice Word Meanings

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MP Board Class 8th Social Science Solutions Chapter 15 South America-Geographical Features

MP Board Class 8th Social Science Chapter 15 Text Book Exercise

Choose the correct option of the following.

Mp Board Class 8 Social Science Solution Chapter 15 Question 1.
What is the expanse of South America continent from North to South?
(a)6406 km
(b)6640 km
(c)4066 km
(d)6064 km
Answer:
(b)6640 km

Mp Board Class 8 Social Science Chapter 15 Question 2.
Which is the lightest wood of South America?
(a) Valsa
(b) Hivia
(c) Sincona
(d) Highwood
Answer:
(a) Valsa

Fill in the blanks:

1. The South America as per area is ……….. big continent.
2. Most of South America is in …………. zone.
3. …………. is the second longest river of the world.
4. ………….. is the highest peak of Andes Mountain.
5. …………. sea is in north of South America.

Answer:

1. fourth (1,75,40,000 square km.)
2. South Hemisphere
3. River Amazon (6280 km. long)
4. Akank Gua (6950 meters high)
5. Caribbean Sea.

MP Board Class 8th Social Science Chapter 15 Very Short Answer Type Questions

Class 8 Social Science Chapter 15 Question 1.
What is young fold mountain?
Answer:
The mountains made of the internal forces of earth by the pressure of opposite directions are called young folded mountains. The Andese mountain is the second highest mountain range after Himalayas in the history of making earth, this is called young folded mountain.

The South America As Per Area Is Big Continent Mp Board Question 2.
What do you mean by water divider?
Answer:
The highest mountain or plateau region where water of rivers flows in two opposite directions. The plateau of Guyana work as water divider between Amazon Basin and Orinoco Basin.

Class 8 Social Science Chapter 15 Question Answer Question 3.
What is Granchaco?
Answer:
In lower part of North Argentina and West Paraguay, there is a distinct dry period and the rain occurs mainly in summer. The region is covered with thick forest and grasslands and is locally known as the Granchaco.

MP Board Class 8th Social Science Chapter 15 Short Answer Type Questions

South America Geographical Features Class 8 Mp Board Question 1.
Write the latitude and longitude expansion of South America?
Answer:
The South America is in South North America. The South America is the fourth largest continent in the world. Its area is 1,75,40,000 square km. It links between 12° North latitude to 55° South latitude and 35° West longitude to 81° West longitude. This continent is 6640 m from north to south and 5,150 from west to east.

Question 2.
Write the names of major trees of Amazon Basin?
Answer:
The Selvas forests of Amazon basin, have trees of rubbers, hardwood, Hivia, Casttillao, Sinkona, Rosewood and date. The rubber is made from the milk of rubber tree, Cunana is made from Sinkona and wax from Kamova date trees.

Question 3.
Write the names of rivers of Laplata Basin?
Answer:
Urugay Rivers.

Question 4.
How Pantagonic became desert?
Answer:
The Pantagonic Plateau having no rains. Therefore, it is a dry desert and it is situated in rain shadow area.

MP Board Class 8th Social Science Chapter 15 Long Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
Describe the climate of South America?
Answer:
Greater part of South America lies within the tropical zone. So the climate of the continent is usually hot and temperature remains high entire year. The Amazon basin being in equator circle has equatorial climate.

The conventional rains throughout the year here make the climate hot and humid. The most part here get 100 to 200 cm. rain, while few parts receive more than 200 cm. rain. The central part of continent, South Brazil, Paraguay and North Argentina’s low lands get rains in summer between 50 to 100 cm. and the winter is dry here.

South Peru and north Chile have hot and dry climate due to Atacama desert. There is scanty rain. Further south that is central Chile, has the Mediterranean type of climate, here winters are rainy and warm and dry summer. The climate of south Brazil is hot Mediterranean. Climate of Patagonia is dry because it lies in the rain shadow area of the Western mountains.

Question 2.
Mention the features of Andes Mountain range?
Answer:
Parallel to the Western Coastal plain belt their lies a long range of mountains and hills. This is the longest Andes Mountain range of the world. Its length is 7250 Km. The width of the Mountains is too much in the central region.

The Andes Mountain is the second highest mountain range after Himalayas in the history of making of earth. This is called young folded mountains. The Andes Mountain ranges have three ranges. In the east two ranges at same places come very close to each other and then get separated.

There are high plateaus among these ranges. The inland mountain plateau of Bolivia is very high. The Titikaka Lake is situated on this plateau. High peaks are always covered with snow all the year. The highest peak of Andes is Akanka Gua, 6950 meter high from sea level.

The most active Volcano Cotopaxi is situated on the mm height of Andes in Equadore. The mountain range always experience of Volcano eruptions, Amazon, Orinoko, Pilkomoia and Colorado rivers originate from Andes mountain.

Question 3.
Write a note on the vegetation and wildlife of South America?
Answer:
Amazon Basin which has hot and humid climate and carried rains is full of hot Mediterranean forests. This region is covered with equatorial rain forests known as SELVAS.

The Selvas forests have trees of rubber, hard wood, Hivia, Casttilloa, Sinkona, Rosewood and
Date. There are 2500 species of fishes in the rivers and 1500 species of birds. Galepagora turtle is found on the sea coasts. The Makra Monkey, Squirrel Monkey, the Anaconda Python, the marshy deer, Hippopotamus, Chimpanzee and Crocodiles are found here.

In the south of the Amazon forest lies the savana type long grass plains they are known as LANOS in the Orinoco river basin and Campos in North Argentina and Paraguay. There are devours ants, Puma and Jaguar animals.

Part of Southern Peru and northern Chile have hot and desert type climate. There are shrubs, cactus and prickly pear. In extreme south of Chile there is oceanic type of Climate. Grasslands are useful for cattle and sheep rearing.

Question 4.
In which physical divisions South America have been divided. Describe anyone.
Answer:
South America is divided into following three divisions:

1. The Western Coastal Strip
2. The Western Mountains
3. The Central Plains
4. The Eastern Highlands

1.The Western Coastal Strip:
Consists of a narrow strip of low and long the pacific coast in the western part of South America.

2.The Western Mountains:
There is a mountainous range called Andes along the western part of South America. They are the young fold mountains only next to Himalaya Mountains. They are three main ranges in the Andes. Eastern sides of this area have two high ranges.

Between these mountains some plateaus are found. The Bolivian is one of them. Lake Titicaco is also located here. It is one of the largest lake of South America. Mt. Aconcagua is the highest peak as higher as 7021 meters above sea level of Andes. Mt. Cotopaxi in Equator is volcanic mountain of this region.

3.The Central Plain:
The Central Plain is made up of the basins of the Orinoco, the Amazon and Plato rivers.Amazon river which 6280 kilometers long takes the greatest volume of water in the world.

4.The Eastern Highlands:
Consists of Guyana and Brazilians Highlands. The highest waterfall of the world called Angel Fall is located here in the south-eastern part of Venezuela.

Project Work:

Show the following in the outline map of South America –

1. Amdese Mountain Range, Cotopaxi,
2. Orinoco, Paraguay and Amazon rivers,
3. Plateaus of Brazil, Guyana and Bolivia,
4. Campos, Pampos, grasslands of Lanos,
5. Cape Horn and Cape San Deigo,
6. Caribbean Sea, Panama Canal,
7. Titical Lake, Angel Waterfall, Atakama and Pantogonia desert.

MP Board Class 8th Social Science Solutions

MP Board Class 10th Sanskrit Solutions Durva Chapter 3 महर्षिः दयानन्दः (गद्यम्) (सङ्कलितम्)

MP Board Class 10th Sanskrit Chapter 3 पाठ्यपुस्तक के प्रश्न

कक्षा 10 संस्कृत पाठ 3 MP Board प्रश्न 1.
एकपदेन उत्तरं लिखत-(एक पद में उत्तर लिखिए-)।
(क) दयानन्दस्य जन्म कस्मिन् प्रदेशे अभवत्? (दयानन्द का जन्म किस प्रदेश में हुआ?)
उत्तर:
गुर्जरप्रदेशे (गुर्जर प्रदेश में)

(ख) दयानन्दः कस्मात् बहुविधानि शास्त्राणि अशिक्षत? (दयानन्द ने किससे अनेक शास्त्र सीखे?)
उत्तर:
स्वामिविरजानन्दात् (स्वामी विरजानन्द से)

(ग) महर्षिः कस्य स्थापनां कृतवान्? (महर्षि ने किसकी स्थापना की?)
उत्तर:
आर्यसमाजस्य (आर्य समाज की)

(घ) दयानन्दः कयोः उन्नत्यै भारतीयसंस्कृतेः प्रचारमकरोत? (दयानन्द ने किनकी उन्नति के लिए भारतीय संस्कृति का प्रचार किया?)
उत्तर:
देशसमाजयोः (देश और समाज की)

(ङ) दयानन्दस्य चरितं केषां कृते अनुकरणीयमस्ति? (दयानन्द का चरित्र किनके लिए अनुकरणीय है?)
उत्तर:
भारतीयानाम् (भारतीयों के)

Class 10 Sanskrit Chapter 3 MP Board प्रश्न 2.
एकवाक्येन उत्तरं लिखत- (एक वाक्य में उत्तर लिखिए-)
(क) दयानन्दस्य जन्मनाम किम् आसीत्? (दयानन्द का असली (जन्म का) नाम क्या था?
उत्तर:
दयानन्दस्य जन्मनाम मूलशङ्करः आसीत्। (दयानन्द का असली (जन्म का) नाम मूलशङ्कर था।)

(ख) संन्यासग्रहणानन्तरं महर्षिः केन नाम्ना प्रसिद्ध? (संन्यास लेने के बाद महर्षि किस नाम से प्रसिद्ध हुए?)
उत्तर:
संन्यासग्रहणानन्तरं महर्षिः ‘दयानन्दसरस्वती’ इति नाम्ना प्रसिद्धः। (संन्यास लेने के बाद महर्षि दयानन्द सरस्वती’ नाम से प्रसिद्ध हुए।)

(ग) महर्षिः केषाम् उद्धाराय सदैव प्रायतत्? (महर्षि किनके उद्धार के लिए सदैव प्रयास करते रहे?)
उत्तर:
महर्षिः विधवाडऽबलानां दलितवर्गानां गवां च उद्धाराय सदैव प्रायतत्। (महर्षि विधवाओं, अबलाओं, दलितवर्गों और गायों के उद्धार के लिए सदा प्रयास करते रहे।)

(घ) दयानन्दः केषां प्रचारमकरोत्? (दयानन्द ने किनका प्रचार किया?)
उत्तर:
दयानन्दः चिरोपेक्षितवेदानां प्रचारमकरोत्। (दयानन्द ने बहुत समय से उपेक्षित वेदों का प्रचार किया।)

(ङ) दयानन्दः कस्य मूर्तिरासीत्? (दयानन्द किसके प्रतीक थे?)
उत्तर:
दयानन्दः सत्यस्य धैर्यस्य ब्रह्मचर्यस्य च मूर्तिरासीत्। (दयानन्द सत्य, धैर्य और ब्राह्मचर्य के प्रतीक थे।)

Chapter 3 Sanskrit Class 10 Mp Board प्रश्न 3.
अधोलिखितप्रश्नानाम् उत्तराणि लिखत-(नीचे लिखे प्रश्नों के उत्तर लिखिए-)
(क) दयानन्दः किमर्थं स्वगृहमत्यजत्? (दयानन्द ने अपना घर क्यों छोड़ा?)
उत्तर:
दयानन्दः अमरः भवितुम् स्वगृहमत्यजत्।। (दयानन्द ने अमर बनने के लिए अपना घर छोड़ दिया था।)

(ख) विद्यासमाप्तौ गुरुः दयानन्दं किम् आदिष्टवान्? (विद्या समाप्ति पर गुरु ने दयानन्द को क्या आदेश दिया?)
उत्तर:
विद्यासमाप्तौ गुरुः दयानन्दम् अदिष्टवान्-“वत्स! अस्माकम् अयम् देशः अविद्यान्धकारे पतितः वर्तते तद् गच्छ अविद्यान्धकारम् अपनय। आर्षशास्त्राणि उद्धर वैदिकज्योति च पुनः प्रकाशय।

(विद्यासमाप्ति पर गुरु ने दयानन्द को आदेश दिया-पुत्र! हमारा यह देश अज्ञानता रूपी अंधकार में डूबा हुआ है, जाओ और उस अज्ञानता रूपी अंधकार को दूर करो। ऋषियों द्वारा रचित शास्त्रों से उद्धृत वैदिक ज्योति को फिर प्रकाशित करो।)

(ग) दयानन्देन के ग्रन्थाः विरचिताः?
(दयानन्द के द्वारा कौन से ग्रन्थ रचे गए?)
उत्तर:
दयानन्देन ऋग्वेदादिभाष्य भूमिका-सत्यार्थप्रकाश-संस्कारविधि प्रभृतिग्रन्थाः विरचिताः।

(दयानन्द ने ऋग्वेद आदि की भाष्य भूमिका-सत्यार्थ प्रकाश-संस्कारविधि आदि अनेक ग्रन्थों को रचा।)

Sanskrit Class 10 Chapter 3 Mp Board प्रश्न 4.
प्रदत्तशब्दैः रिक्तस्थानानि पूयरत- (दिए गए शब्दों से रिक्त स्थान भरिए-)
(अविद्यान्धकारात्, संन्यासमगृणात्, यशः, दुःखानि, वेदान्)
(क) महर्षिः पूर्णानन्दसरस्वतीसकाशात् ……………….।
(ख) दयानन्दः मानवान् ………………. उद्धर्तुं कार्यक्षेत्रे समागतः।
(ग) जनाः ………………. प्रत्यागच्छेयुः इति महर्षेः सन्देशः।
(घ) दयानन्दः ………………. सोढ्वापि कर्त्तव्यविमुखः न जातः।
(ङ) महर्षिः ………………. शरीरेण अमरः अस्ति।
उत्तर:
(क) संन्यासमगृह्णात्
(ख) अविद्यान्धकारात्
(ग) वेदान
(घ) दुःखानि
(ङ) यशः।

Class 10th Sanskrit Chapter 3 प्रश्न 5.
यथायोग्यं योजयत-(उचित क्रम से जोड़िए-)

उत्तर:
(क) 3
(ख) 4
(ग) 5
(घ) 1
(ङ) 2

Sanskrit Chapter 3 Class 10 Mp Board प्रश्न 6.
शुद्धवाक्यानां समक्षम् “आम्” अशुद्धवाक्यानां समक्षं “न” इति लिखत
(शुद्ध वाक्यों के सामने ‘आम्’ और अशुद्ध वाक्यों के सामने ‘न’ लिखिए-)
(क) कथमहम् अमरो भवेयम् इति महर्षिः चिन्तयामास।
(ख) त्र्यशीत्युत्तराऽष्टादशशततमे ईशवीये वर्षे महर्षिः न दिवंगतः।
(ग) महर्षेः ख्यातिः सर्वत्र व्याप्ता अस्ति।
(घ) दयानन्दः सामाजिककुप्रथानां निवारणं कृतवान्।
(ङ) महर्षिसदृशाः महात्मानः वन्द्याः न भवन्ति।
उत्तर:
(क) आम्
(ख) न
(ग) आम्
(घ) आम्
(ङ) न।

Mp Board Class 10 Sanskrit Chapter 3 प्रश्न 7.
उदाहरणानुसारं शब्दानां मूलशब्दं विभक्तिं वचनं च लिखत (उदाहरण के अनुसार शब्दों के मूलशब्द, विभक्ति व वचन लिखिए-)

(क) महर्षेः
(ख) नर्मदातीरे
(ग) गवाम्
(घ) सर्वेषाम्
(ङ) सत्यस्य
(च) महात्मानः
(छ) जनेषु
उत्तर:

Sanskrit Class 10 Chapter 3 प्रश्न 8.
उदाहरणानुसारं क्रियापदानां धातुं लकारं वचनं च लिखत
(उदाहरण के अनुसार क्रियापदों के धातु, लकार और वचन लिखिए-)

उत्तर:

कक्षा 10 संस्कृत पाठ 3 के प्रश्न उत्तर MP Board प्रश्न 9.
उदाहरणानुसारं धातुं प्रत्ययं च पृथक् कुरुत-
(उदाहरण के अनुसार धातु और प्रत्यय अलग कीजिए-)

उत्तर:

कक्षा 10 संस्कृत पाठ 3 प्रश्न उत्तर MP Board प्रश्न 10.
उदाहरणानुसारं सन्धिविच्छेदं कृत्वा सन्धिनाम लिखत
(उदाहरण के अनुसार सन्धिविच्छेद करके सन्धि का नाम लिखिए।)

उत्तर:

योग्यताविस्तार –

स्वामिदयानन्दसदृशानां महापुरुषाणां नामानि अन्विष्य लिखत।
(स्वामी दयानन्द जैसे महापुरुषों के नाम ढूँढकर लिखिए।)

महर्षेः दयानन्दस्य आदर्शविषये पञ्चवाक्यानि लिखत।।
(महर्षि दयानन्द के आदर्श विषय पर पाँच वाक्य लिखिए।)

महर्षिः दयानन्दः पाठ का सार

प्रस्तुत पाठ में भारत के महापुरुष ‘महर्षि दयानन्द’ के जीवन का वर्णन किया गया है। वे संसार में ‘दयानन्द सरस्वती के नाम से प्रसिद्ध हैं। इन्होंने व्याकरण, वेदान्त आदि अनेक शास्त्रों का अध्ययन किया था। इन्होंने योग की शिक्षा भी ली। इन्होंने आर्य समाज की स्थापना की तथा समाज में फैली कुप्रथाओं को दूर करने के भरसक प्रयत्न किए। इन्होंने ‘सत्यार्थ-प्रकाश’ की रचना की।

महर्षिः दयानन्दः पाठ का अनुवाद

1. महर्षेः दयानन्दस्य जन्म गुर्जरप्रदेशे ब्राह्मणपरिवारे फरवरीमासे द्वादशे दिनाङ्के चतुर्विशत्युत्तराऽष्टादशशततमे 12/02/1824 ईशवीये वर्षे अभवत्। अस्य जन्मनाम मूलशङ्करः आसीत्। यदा एषः षोडशवर्षीयः जातः तदा अस्य भगिनी स्वर्गं गता। वर्षत्रयानन्तरं चास्य पितृव्योऽपि दिवं गतः। गृहे अन्येषु जनेषु विलपत्सु अयं संसारस्य अनित्यतां विचारयन् “कथमहम् अमरो भवेयम्” इति चिन्तयामास। एकस्मिन्दिने मूलशङ्करः सहसैव स्वगृहमत्यजत्।

Class 10th Sanskrit Chapter 3 Question Answer शब्दार्था :
षोडश-सोलह-Sixteen; भगिनी-बहन-Sister; पितृव्यः-चाचा-Uncle, विलपत्सु-विलाप -Wailing, bewailing, mourning.

अनुवाद ;
महर्षि दयानन्द का जन्म गुर्जर प्रदेश में ब्राह्मण परिवार में फरवरी मास में 12 तारीख को सन् 1824 ई. में हुआ था। उसका जन्म का नाम मूलशङ्कर था। जब यह सोलह वर्ष के हुए तब इनकी बहन का स्वर्गवास हो गया। तीन वर्ष के अन्दर इनके चाचा की भी मृत्यु हो गई। घर में अन्य लोगों के विलाप से इन्होंने संसार की अनित्यता के विषय में विचार करते हुए सोचा- “मैं किस प्रकार अमर बनूँ”। एक दिन मूलशङ्कर अचानक ही अपना घर छोड़कर चले गए।

Class 10 Sanskrit Chapter 3 Question Answer English :
Maharishi Dayanand-born in Brahmin family on 12th February, 1824-birth name Mool Shankar-Lost sister and uncle at the age of 16 and 19-Awakened to world’s transitory nature-left home in quest of immortality.

2. ततोऽसौ देशाद्देशान्तरं विचरन व्याकरणवेदान्तादीन्यनेकशास्त्राणि विशेषतः योगपद्धतिं च अशिक्षत। विचरणकालेऽयं नर्मदातीरे स्वामिपूर्णानन्दसरस्वतीसकाशात् संन्यासमगृह्णात्। तदा एषः ‘दयानन्दसरस्वतीति’ नाम्ना प्रसिद्धः जातः। अनन्तरं मथुरां गत्वा प्रज्ञाचक्षुषः स्वामिनः विरजानन्दात् बहुविधानि शास्त्राणि अशिक्षत। विद्यासमाप्तौ गुरुस्तमादिशत्-वत्स! देशोऽयमस्माकमविद्यान्धकारे पतितो वर्तते तद गच्छ अविद्यान्धकारम् अपनय। आर्षशास्त्राणि उदर वैदिकज्योतिः च पुनः प्रकाशय।

शब्दार्था :
प्रज्ञाचक्षुष-ज्ञान नेत्र वाले-knowledge vision; अपनय-दूर करो–remove.

Mp Board Class 10th Sanskrit Chapter 3 अनुवाद :
तब उन्होंने एक देश से दूसरे देश में घूमते हुए व्याकरण, वेदान्त आदि अनेक शास्त्रों विशेषकर योग-प्रक्रिया को सीखा। घूमते समय इन्होंने नर्मदा के किनारे स्वामी पूर्णानन्द सरस्वती के पास संन्यास लिया। तब से यह ‘दयानन्द सरस्वती’ नाम से प्रसिद्ध हुए। बाद में मथुरा जाकर ज्ञाननेत्र वाले स्वामी विरजानन्द से बहुत से शास्त्र सीखे। विद्या की समाप्ति पर गुरु ने उसे आदेश दिया-हे वत्स! हमारा यह देश अज्ञानता रूप अन्धकार में गिरा हुआ है, तो जाओ, अज्ञानता रूपी अन्धकार को दूर करो। ऋषियों द्वारा रचित शास्त्रों से निकली वैदिक ज्योति को फिर से प्रकाशित करो।

Sanskrit Chapter 3 Class 10 MP Board English :
Learnt various scriptures and yogic practices during wanderings-Got sanyasa from Swami Poornananda Saraswati–came to be known as Dyanand Saraswati–Learnt various scriptures at Mathura from Swami Virajanand-directed to remove darkness of illiteracy and enlighten the vedic light.

3. दयानन्दोऽपि गुरोराज्ञां शिरसि कृत्वा पादौ प्रणम्य आशिषं च गृहीत्वा एतद्देशवासिनः मानवान् अविद्यान्धकाराद् उद्धर्तु कार्यक्षेत्रे समागतः। गुरोराज्ञां पालयन् देशसमाजयोः उन्नत्यै निरन्तर भारतीयसंस्कृतेः प्रचारमकरोत्। पाखण्डोन्मूलनाय वैदिकधर्मस्य च पुनःसंस्थापनाय अयं सम्पूर्णदेशे बभ्राम। सामाजिककुप्रथानां निवारणाय एषः आर्यसमाजस्य स्थापनां कृतवान्। महर्षिः विधवाऽबलानां दलितवर्गाणां गवां च उद्धाराय सदैव प्रायतत। स्वातन्त्र्यभावनाऽपि प्रथममनेनैव महर्षिणास्माकं हृदयेषु जागरिता । नानाविधानि दुःखानि सोढ्वापि नायं कर्त्तव्यविमुखो जातः। येनास्य महापुरुषस्य ख्यातिः सर्वत्र व्याप्ता।

Sanskrit Class 10th Chapter 3 MP Board शब्दार्था :
पाखण्डः-दिखावा-hypocrisy; उन्मूलनाय-दूर करने के लिए-to eradicate; प्रायतत-प्रयत्नशील रहे-Made efforts; सोढ्वापि-सहकर भी-Even after bearing; बभ्राम-घूमे-Wandered; व्याप्ता-फैल गई-Spread.

अनुवाद :
दयानन्द भी गुरु की आज्ञा को शिरोधार्य कर पाँव छूकर और आशीर्वाद लेकर इस देश के निवासी लोगों को अज्ञानता रूपी अन्धकार से उबारने के कार्य क्षेत्र में आ गए। गुरु की आज्ञा का पालन करते हुए देश व समाज की उन्नति के लिए लगातार भारतीय संस्कृति का प्रचार किया। दिखातों को दूर करने और वैदिक धर्म की फिर से स्थापना के लिए यह पूरे देश में घूमे। सामाजिक कुप्रथाओं को हटाने के लिए इन्होंने आर्यसमाज की स्थापना की। महर्षि ने विधवाओं, अबलाओं, दलित वर्गों और गायों के उद्धार के लिए सदैव प्रयास किए। स्वतंत्रता की भावना भी सबसे पहले इन महर्षि ने ही हमारे मन में जगाई। अनेक प्रकार के दुख सहकर भी यह कर्तव्य विमुख नहीं हुए। जिससे इन महापुरुष की ख्याति सब जगह फैल गई।

Mp Board Solution Class 10 Sanskrit Chapter 3 English :
Entered the field of removing the darkness of ignorance-preached Indian culture for the upliftment of the nation and the society-deadset on removing hypocrisy and re-establishing vedic religion-Founded ‘Arya Samai’ to remove evil social practicesawakened the sense of freedom in human hearts-Afflictions failed to disincline him towards duty.

5. अयं महापुरुषः चिरोपेक्षितवेदानां प्रचारमकरोत्। एतस्य विशिष्टः सन्देशः आसीत् यत्-जनाः वेदान् प्रत्यागच्छेयुः। ऋग्वेदादिभाष्यभूमिका- सत्यार्थप्रकाशसंस्कारविधिप्रभृतिग्रन्थाः एतेन विरचिताः। अक्टूबरमासे त्रिंशत् दिनाङ्के त्र्यशीत्युत्तराऽष्टादशशततमे (30/10/1883) ईशवीये वर्षे एषः भौतिकं शरीरं विहाय यशःशरीरेणामरोऽभवत्।।

महर्षि: दयानन्दः सत्यस्य धैर्यस्य ब्रह्मचर्यस्य च मूर्तिरासीत्। एतस्य चरितं सदैव भारतीयानां कृते अनुकरणीयमस्ति। एतादृशाः महात्मानः सर्वदा वन्द्या अविस्मरणीयाश्च भवन्ति।

Sanskrit Chapter 3 Class 10 Solutions शब्दार्था :
चिरोपेक्षितवेदानाम्-बहुत समय से उपेक्षित वेदों का-of long neglected vedas; विहाय-छोड़कर-leaving aside; वन्धा-वन्दनीय-adorable, venerable.

अनुवाद :
यह महापुरुष बहुत समय से उपेक्षित वेदों का प्रचार करते रहे। इनका प्रमुख सन्देश था-“लोग वेदों की ओर वापस आएँ (जावे)। ऋग्वेद आदि भाष्यभूमिका-सत्यार्थ प्रकाश-संस्कारविधि आदि अनेक ग्रन्थ इनके द्वारा रचे गए। अक्टूबर मास में 30 तारीख को सन् 1883 ई. में इस भौतिक शरीर को छोड़कर यश रूपी शरीर के द्वारा वे अमर हो गए।

महर्षि दयानन्द सत्य, धैर्य, व ब्रह्मचर्य के प्रतीक थे। इनका चरित्र सदैव भारतीयों के लिए अनुकरण करने योग्य है। ऐसे महात्मा हमेशा वन्दनीय और अविस्मरणीय होते हैं।

Class 10 Sanskrit Chapter 3 In Hindi English :
Preached long neglected vedas-‘Back to Vedas’ was his sermon. Composed texts like commentary on Rigveda, Satyartha Prakash and Sanskar Vidhi-Died on 30th October 1883-Personification of truth, forbearance and celibacy.

MP Board Class 10th Sanskrit Solutions

MP Board Class 6th Sanskrit Solutions Surbhi Chapter 8 परोपकारः

MP Board Class 6th Sanskrit Chapter 8 अभ्यासः

Class 6 Sanskrit Chapter 8 Mp Board प्रश्न 1.
एकपदेन उत्तरं लिखत (एक शब्द में उत्तर लिखो)
(क) के जलं वर्षन्ति? (जल कौन बरसाते हैं?)
उत्तर:
मेघाः (बादल)

(ख) कः देशरक्षां करोति? (देश की रक्षा कौन करता है?)
उत्तर:
सैनिकः

(ग) का भोजनं पचति? (भोजन कौन पकाती है?)
उत्तर:
माता (माँ)

(घ) कः विद्याधनं ददाति? (विद्या और धन कौन देता है?)
उत्तर:
पिता (पिता)।

Mp Board Class 6 Sanskrit Chapter 8 प्रश्न 2.
एकवाक्येन उत्तरं लिखत (एक वाक्य में उत्तर लिखो)
(क) धनं किमर्थं भवति? (धन किसके लिए होता है?)
उत्तर:
धनं राष्ट्रविकासाय भवति। (धन राष्ट्र के विकास के लिए होता है।)

(ख) माता स्वपुत्र्यै किं यच्छति? (माता अपनी पुत्रियों को क्या देती है?)
उत्तर:
माता स्वपुत्र्यै सुसंस्कारं यच्छति। (माता अपनी पुत्रियों को सुसंस्कार देती है।)

(ग) परोपकाराय के फलानि यच्छन्ति? (परोपकार के लिए कौन फल देते हैं?)
उत्तर:
परोपकाराय वृक्षाः फलानि यच्छन्ति। (परोपकार के लिए वृक्ष फल देते हैं।)

Paropkar Kimat Bhagwati MP Board Class 6th प्रश्न 3.
उचितपरिवर्तनेन पूरयत (उचित परिवर्तन से पूरा करो)
(अ)
(क) परोपकारः………..।
(ख) जनकः ……….।
(ग) लाभ:………..।
(घ) विकासः………..।
(ङ) परिश्रमः……….।
उत्तर:
(क) परोपकाराय
(ख) जनकाय
(ग) लाभाय
(घ) विकासाय
(ङ) परिश्रमाय।

(आ)
(क) महिला……….।।
(ख) सरला………।
(ग) लता……….।
(घ) सुरक्षा……..।
(ङ) वसुधा ……….।
उत्तर:
(क) महिलायै
(ख) सरलायैः
(ग) लतायै
(घ) सुरक्षायै
(ङ) वसुधायै।

(ङ)
(क) धनं………..।
(ग) फलं………..।
(ङ) स्वास्थ्यं………..।
(ख) ज्ञानं………..।
(घ) पुस्तकं………..।
उत्तर:
(क) धनाय
(ख) ज्ञानाय
(ग) फलाय
(घ) पुस्तकाय
(ङ) स्वास्थ्याय।

(ई)
(क) जननी………।
(ख) सखी ………..।
(ग) पुत्री………..।
(घ) शालिनी………..।
(ङ) नलिनी……….।
उत्तर:
(क) जनन्यै
(ख) सख्य
(ग) पुत्र्यै
(घ) शालिन्यै
(ङ) नलिन्यै।

परोपकार भवति MP Board Class 6th प्रश्न 4.
बहुवचने परिवर्तयत (बहुवचन में बदलिए)
(क) पुत्राय
(ख) विकासाय
(ग) परिश्रमाय।
उत्तर:
(क) पुत्रेभ्यः
(ख) विकासेभ्यः
(ग) परिश्रमेभ्यः।

परोपकार किमर्थं भवति MP Board Class 6th प्रश्न 5.
उचितपदेन रिक्तस्थानं पूरयत (उचित शब्द से रिक्त स्थानों को पूरा करो)
(क) मोहनः………… भोजनं ददाति। (भिक्षुकं/भिक्षुकाय)
(ख) धनं………….. भवति। (परोपकारेण/परोपकाराय)
(ग) शास्त्रं ………… अस्ति। (पण्डिताः/पण्डिताय)
(घ) भोजन …………. भवति। (स्वास्थ्यस्य/स्वास्थ्याय)
(ङ) महिला ………….. धनं ददाति। (निर्धने/निर्धनाय)
उत्तर:
(क) भिक्षुकाय
(ख) परोपकाराय
(ग) पण्डिताय
(घ) स्वास्थ्याय
(ङ) निर्धनाय।

Paropkar Asti MP Board Class 6th प्रश्न 6.
प्रदत्तशब्दैः रेखाङ्कितशब्दान् आधृत्य प्रश्ननिर्माणं कुरुत (रेखांकित शब्दों को आधार बनाकर प्रश्न बनाओ)
(केभ्यः, किमर्थं, का, कानि)
(क) सूर्यः परोपकाराय तपति।
(ख) माता सर्वेभ्यः भोजनं पचति।
(ग) वृक्षेभ्यः फलानि जायन्ते।
(घ) प्रकृतिः सर्वेभ्यः सुखं ददाति।
उत्तर:
(क) सूर्य किमर्थं तपति?
(ख) माता केभ्यः भोजनं पचति?
(ग) वृक्षेभ्यः कानि जायन्ते?
(घ) का सर्वेभ्यः सुखं ददाति?

योग्यताविस्तारः
1. ‘षष्ठी’-विभक्त्या सह ‘कृते’ शब्दस्य योगेन अपि चतुर्थी विभक्तिकार्यं भवति।
(षष्ठी विभक्ति के साथ ‘कृते’ शब्द के योग होने पर भी चतुर्थी विभक्ति का कार्य होता है।)
यथा-
रामस्य कृते – रामाय
बालिकायाः कृते – बालिकायै
वनस्य कृते – वनाय
छात्राणां कृते – छात्रेभ्यः
महिलानां कृते – महिलाभ्यः

2. श्लोकेभ्यः ‘चतुर्थी विभक्तिशब्दान्’ चिनुत। (श्लोकों से चतुर्थी विभक्ति के शब्दों को चुनो)
उत्तर:
चतुर्थी विभक्ति के शब्द :
(क)

1. नागेन्द्रहाराय
2. त्रिलोचनाय
3. भमाङ्करागाय
4. महेश्वराय
5. नित्याय
6. शुद्धाय
7. दिगम्बराय
8. तस्मै
9. नकाराय
10. शिवाय।

(ख)

1. देव्यै
2. महादैव्यै
3. शिवायै
4. प्रकृत्यै
5. भद्रायै।

(ग)

1. कुलितालकायै
2. शेखराय
3. दिव्याम्बरायै
4. दिगम्बराय
5. शिवायै
6. शिवाय।

परोपकारः हिन्दी अनुवाद

परेषाम् उपकारः परोपकारः। सर्यः लोकहिताय तपति। नद्यः परोपकाराय वहन्ति। वृक्षाः परोपकाराय फलानि यच्छन्ति। मेघाः परोपकाराय जलं वर्षन्ति। वसुधा परोपकाराय भारं वहति। एवं प्रकृतिः परोपकाराय प्रेरयति। प्रकृत्यै वयं किं कुर्मः?

अनुवाद :
दूसरों की भलाई करना (ही) परोपकार होता है। सूर्य संसार के हित के लिए तपता है। नदियाँ परोपकार के लिए बहती हैं। वृक्ष दूसरों की भलाई के फल देते हैं। बादल दूसरों की भलाई के लिए जल को बरसाते हैं। पृथ्वी दूसरों की भलाई के लिए बोझा ढोती है। इसी तरह प्रकृति दूसरों की भलाई के लिए प्रेरणा देती है। प्रकृति के लिए हम क्या करें।

किं यूयं किश्चित् स्मरथ यत् एषा प्रकृतिः अस्मभ्यम् अहर्निशं सर्वं सुखं ददाति। यदा प्रकृत्याः सुरक्षायै वयं मानवाः किश्चिदपि कर्तुं शक्नुमः, तदा अस्माकं जीवन सुखकर भविष्यति। एतदर्थं जलसंरक्षणं, वायुसंरक्षणं, भूसंरक्षणम् च अवश्यमेव करणीयम्।

अनुवाद :
क्या तुम्हें कुछ याद है कि यह प्रकृति हम सब को रात और दिन सभी सुखों को प्रदान करती है। जब प्रकृति की सुरक्षा के लिए हम सभी मनुष्य कुछ भी करने में समर्थ होते हैं, तब हमारा जीवन सुखकर होगा। इसके लिए जल संरक्षण, वायु-संरक्षण और भू-संरक्षण अवश्य ही करना चाहिए।

माता सर्वेभ्यः भोजनं पचति। भोजनं स्वाथ्यलाभाय भवति। स्वास्थ्यं ज्ञानायं परिश्रमाय च भवति। परिवारे पिता पुत्राय विद्याधनं ददाति। माता स्वपुत्र्यै सुसंस्कारं यच्छति।

अनुवाद :
माता सबके लिए भोजन पकाती है। भोजन स्वास्थ्य के लाभ के लिए होता है। स्वास्थ्य ज्ञान के लिए और परिश्रम के लिए होता है। परिवार में पिता पुत्र के लिए विद्या और धन दे देता है। माता अपनी पुत्रियों को सुसंस्कार देती है।

सैनिकः देशसुरक्षायै स्वशरीरस्य बलिदानं करोति। जनसेवकः समाजविकासाय सततं कार्यं करोति। परिश्रमः धनार्जनाय भवति। धनं राष्ट्रविकासाय, धर्माय, सुखाय च भवति। अतः परोपकारस्य विषये कथितम्-

परोपकाराय फलन्ति वृक्षाः, परोपकाराय वहन्ति नद्यः।
परोपकाराय दुहन्ति गावः, परोपकारार्थमिदं शरीरम्॥

अनुवाद :
सैनिक देश की सुरक्षा के लिए अपने शरीर का बलिदान करता है। जनसेवक समाज के विकास के लिए लगातार कार्य करता है। परिश्रम धन कमाने के लिए होता है। धन राष्ट्र के विकास के लिए, धर्म के लिए और सुख के लिए होता है। इसलिए परोपकार के विषय में कहा गया है

‘दूसरों की भलाई के लिए वृक्षों पर फल लगते हैं, दूसरों की भलाई के लिए नदियाँ बहती हैं। परोपकार के लिए गायों को दुहा जाता है, परोपकार के लिए ही यह शरीर होता है।’

परोपकारः शब्दार्थाः

वहन्ति = बहती हैं। फलन्ति = फल देती हैं। पचति = पकाती हैं। मेघाः = बादल। विनीतम् = विनम्र। दुहन्ति = दूध देती है। वर्षन्ति = बरसते हैं। सततम् = निरन्तर। यच्छति = देती है, देता है। धर्माय = धर्म के लिए। धनार्जनाय = धन कमाने के लिए। प्रकृत्यै = प्रकृति के लिए। प्रकृत्याः = प्रकृति की।

MP Board Class 6th Sanskrit Solutions