These MP Board Class 11th Biology Notes for Chapter 16 Digestion and Absorption help students to get a brief overview of all the concepts.
MP Board Class 11th Biology Notes Chapter 16 Digestion and Absorption
→ Amala is the richest source of vitamin C.
→ Vitamin B (biotin) is an exception, it is regarded as insoluble in water and fat.
→ Gail bladder is not found in horse, rat, whale.
→ Most vertebrates lack proteases for digesting some fibrous animal proteins like hair, keratin, silk fibroin and wool protein.
→ Peristalsis is the rhythmical contractions of alimentary canal by its muscular action which forces food through the canal.
→ Bolus is the rounded mass of masticated food and saliva.
→ The digestibility of bread is increased by toasting because some of its starch is broken into dextrines during the process.
→ In ruminants (e.g., Cow), fermentation is particularly facilitated by rumination or chewing of the cud. Boluses of food are drawn from the rumen to the mouth, chewed thoroughly to break the plant fibres more finely, mixed with saliva to promote further fermentation and swallowed again into the rumen; where it undergoes further fermentation.
→ The conversion of glucose (blood sugar) into glycogen is called glycogenesis.
→ The conversion of glycogen into glucose is called glycogenolysis.
→ The conversion of excess of carbohydrates (blood sugar) into fats is known as lipogenesis.
→ The gastric juice of infant mammals contains an enzyme called rennin. Rennin in the presence of calcium, acts on milk protein known as casein to form curd called calcium paracaseinate.
→ Heparin is secreted by liver, which prevents the coagulation of blood.
→ The synthesis of fibrinogen and prothrombin take place in liver.
→ Vermiform appendix is a vestigial organ attached with the alimentary canal of human beings.
→ HC1 is the activator of pepsinogen.
→ Lunin (1881) discovered vitamins.
→ Stomach absent in Labeo, lamprey and hagfish.
→ Odontology : Study of teeth.
→ Choleresis : Process of bile secretion.
→ Vomiting centre : Is located in the medulla oblongata.
→ World food day : 17th October.
→ Cholecystostasis : Formation of stone in gall bladder.
→ Coprophagy : Eating of faeces by the rabbit, guinea pig etc.
→ Hernia : Choking of intestine.
→ Osteomalacia : A disease of bones in adults caused due to deficiency of vitamin D.
→ Ruminants : Cud-chewing mammals e.g., cattle.