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MP Board Class 10th English The Rainbow Solutions Workbook Chapter 8 What is Culture

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What is Culture Vocabulary

I. There are different ways of looking at a thing or a person.
e.g. gaze, stare, glare, peer, squint, glance, eye, scan, examine, study, inspect
Now use these words in your own sentences.
Ans.
Gaze : The young boy was gazing at the beauty of the garden.
Stare : Why are you staring at me?
Glare : He glared at me silently.
Peer : Children peered into the shadow.
Squint : She was squinting through the keyhole.
Glance : The teacher gave a quick glance at me.
Eye : The teachers always keep an eye on naughty boys.
Scan : Please scan this picture.
Examine : The superintendent is examining the situation.
Study : Sincere students study atleast twelve hours.
Inspect: The police arrived at the spot to inspect the situation.

II. Make a list of words having two consonants (consonant clusters) in the beginning. e.g. tree, dream, free, question.
Answer:
Green, Station, Dwarf, Triangle, Prove, Train, Pluck, Crane, Study, Glare.

III. Say the following words with correct pronunciation.
determine, folly, preposition, grammar, understanding,important, capacity.
Answer:
Pronounce the above words correctly.

Listening Skill

Listen to the following paragraph carefully.

See Workbook page 62

Now, answer the following questions:
1. Write the details regarding original art:
Answer:
(a) place of origin : Madhubani
(b) artists : women
(c) purpose : To welcome gods and goddesses to their households to bless them with prosperity.
(d) location : Bihar
(e) themes : Normally the Hindu gods and goddesses and stories from Hindu mythology.
(f) Material used :

  1. for background : Paste of cow dung and mud.
  2. for painting : white rice paste
    rice paste : white colour
    pollen : yellow colour
    local clay : red colour indigo
    plant : blue colour

(g) Characteristics of the painting:

  1. Though the bodies of the figures always face the front, their faces are shown in profile.
  2. The outlines of the figures are drawn with double lines.
  3. The borders are always decorated with ornamental floral patterns or geometrical designs.

Speaking Skill

The Indian culture is influenced by the Himalayas, the forests and the great rivers of India. Various aspects of culture are architecture, music and literature. All of you must have knowledge of our culture. Each of you should take part in the following speaking activity. ‘The Cultural Heritage of India’ is the topic. Time allotted is 2 minutes. You can talk about: festivals, dresses, dances, food, languages, rituals, religious ceremonies music, food, lifestyle art, sculpture, architecture
Answer:
Do yourself.

Read carefully the following passage:

See Workbook page 63-66

Now, answer the following questions:
A. Choose the right answers.

Question 1.
According to the passage:
(a) modern anthropologists are more systematic and accurate than earlier ones
(b) a relatively simple society will see progress as spasmodic, resulting from the borrowing of cultural elements.
(c) the last twenty years have seen societies rapidly becoming cultured.
(d) cultural interaction is necessary for the progress of primitive societies.
(e) none of the above.
Answer:
(a) modern anthropologists are more systematic and accurate than earlier ones

Question 2.
According to the passage:
(a) foreign cultural elements are never assimilated in their original form
(b) assimilation of a cultural element is partly dependent on the attitude of the borrower society to the source society
(c) the process of cultural change is usually random
(d) self sufficient societies rely on inventions rather than cultural borrowings
(e) none of the above
Answer:
(b) assimilation of a cultural element is partly dependent on the attitude of the borrower society to the source society

Question 3.
According to the author, earlier anthropoligists assumed some cultures to be static because:
(a) of insufficient interactions with them
(b) of poor or unreliable analysis
(c)it made their task of studying these cultures more simple
(d) of fragmentary archaeological evidence
(e) none of the above
Answer:
(d) of fragmentary archaeological evidence

Question 4.
A. According to the passage:
(a) a culture with simple technologies and political structure is likely to be static
(b) explorers seem to have begun a process of change in many societies
(c) much of the culture seen today is the result of changes in the recent past
(d) all cultures seem to have continuous rates of change
(e) none of the above
Answer:
(a) a culture with simple technologies and political structure is likely to be static

B. (I) Complete the following:
(i) anthropologists study
(it) archeologists study.
(iii) sociologists study.
Answer:
(i) past events
(ii) remains of buildings etc.
(iii) society.

(II) Make the sentences with the following words to bring out the differences in their meanings:
Answer:
(i) primitive: People led a nomadic life during primitive period.
(ii) ancient: We should know about our ancient culture.
(iii) modern: We are living in modern society.

Grammar

Subject Verb Agreement:

See Workbook pages 66-69

Rewrite the following sentences correctly.

Question 1.
A time of peace and plenty are coming to us.
Answer:
A time of peace and plenty is coming to us.

Question 2.
“Gulliver’s Travels” was written by Swift.
Answer:
“Gulliver’s Travels” is written by Swift.

Question 3.
Each man and women were given a prize.
Answer:
Each man and woman was given a prize.

Question 4.
Ram as well as his sister have come here.
Answer:
Ram as well as his sister has come here.

Question 5.
Rahim, and not you, deserves the prize.
Answer:
Rahim, and not you, deserve the prize.

Choose the correct form of verb and rewrite the sentence.

Question 1.
A few hours’ study (is, are) enough.
Answer:
A few hour’s study is enough.

Question 2.
I am a man who (seek, seeks) my son’s welfare.
Answer:
I am a man who seeks my son’s welfare.

Question 3.
Two and two (makes, make) four.
Answer:
Two and two makes four.

Question 4.
Neither he nor I (was, were) present.
Answer:
Neither he nor I were present.

Question 5.
The chief, with all his nobles (was, were) present.
Answer:
The chief, with all his nobles was present.

Writing Skills

Question 1.
Suppose you are cultural secretary of your school. What type of cultural activities would you like to conduct on ‘Children’s Day’. Give details. (50 words)
Answer:
Children’s Day is an exciting day for children. We celebrate it with pleasure. This time I have decided something extra and unique in our school. I have arranged for a charity show. Some eminent artists have been invited. We will sell tickets for this show. The money collected through it shall be sent to the Chief Minister’s Relief Fund, Bihar which has been devasted by flood recently. The school management is also co-operating with us generously.

Question 2.
Write a short biography of Jawaharlal Nehru under the following headings: (150 words)
1. his parentage and education
2. his contribution in India’s freedom struggle
3. Jawaharlal Nehru as a Prime Minister
Answer:
1. His Parentage and education: Shri Nehru was born at Allahabad in 1889 on 14th November. His father Motilal Nehru was a great lawyer. He brought up his son as a prince. He employed very efficient teachers to teach Jawaharlal Nehru. At the age of 15, Nehru was sent to England for higher studies. There he joined the Public School at Harrow. Then he went to the Cambridge University where he took his degree in 1910. Then he joined law. He was called at Allahabad High Court. He was married at the age of 27.

2. His contribution in India’s freedom struggle: In the youth of Nehruji the British ruled over India. The English treated Indians badly. This pained the heart of Jawaharlal Nehru. He gave up practice. He joined the Non-co-operation Movement started by Gandhiji. He went to jail several times. He bore punishments happily. But jail life could not crush his spirit. He struggled bravely. He acted as Congress President in four different years before India became free. When India became free, he was elected the first Prime Minister of India.

3. His work as the Prime Minister: Pt. Nehru was a successful Prime Minister. India made great progress under his guidance. Dr. Rajendra Prasad, our late President, once said, “The country is marching forward on the road of progress in the leadership of Panditji.” He did a lot for the world. Had he lived some years more, the country would have become stronger. He solved some difficult problems of the country as well as the world.

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