Bhagya

Students who are studying 11th can get the free Madhya Pradesh Board Solutions for 11th English Chapter 3 Dear Teacher Questions and Answers PDF here. You can download MP Board Class 11th English Solutions Questions and Answers PDF on this page. Practice questions of Mp Board Solutions of 11th English subject as many times as possible to get good marks.

MP Board Class 11th English The Spectrum Solutions Chapter 3 Dear Teacher

Gather chapter wise MP Board Solutions for 11th English Study Material to score the highest marks in the final exam. Various chapters and subtopics are given clearly in MP Board Class 11th English Solutions Chapter 3 Dear Teacher Questions and Answers Material. All the MP Board Solutions for 11th English Questions with detailed answers are provided by subject experts. The step by step MP Board Class 11th English Chapter 3 Dear Teacher Questions and Answers guide will help you to enhance your skills in English subject and The Spectrum Solutions. Here, along with the subject knowledge, The Spectrum Solutions knowledge also plays an important role. So, students should download MP Board Solutions 11th English and read it to attempt all the questions with 100% confidence.

Dear Teacher Textual Questions and Answers

Word Power

A. Arrange the words given below in the columns according to traits/ qualities they represent.
[दिए गए शब्दों का गुणों के आधार पर व्यवस्थित कीजिए।
Answer:
Negative Traits – Positive Traits

1. hardworking – 1. selfish
2. friendliness – 2. envy
3. quiet laughter – 3. howling
4. love for nature – 4. bullying
5. to laugh when sad – 5. cheating
6. wonder of books – 6. cynicism

B. Fill in the blanks using the words given, to complete the paragraph.
[रिक्त स्थान भरकर अनुच्छेद पूरा कीजिए।।
Answer:
wants, learn, physical, abilities, bidders, never, laugh, odd.

Comprehension

A Answer the following questions in one or two sentences each.
[निम्नलिखित प्रश्नों का एक या दो वाक्यों में उत्तर दीजिए।

Question 1.
Who is the writer of the letter? Who is the addressee? (2013) ”
पत्र का लेखक कौन है ? पत्र किसे लिखा गया है?
Answer:
The writer of this letter is Abraham Lincoln. The letter is written to the teacher of his son.
इस पत्र के लेखक एब्राहम लिंकन है। पत्र उनके पुत्र के शिक्षक को लिखा गया है।

Question 2.
Which sentences in the letter suggest that the evil is balanced by the good ?
पत्र के किन वाक्यों से पता चलता है कि बुराई अच्छाई से सन्तुलित होती है ?
Answer:
The following sentences suggests this:
For every scoundrel there is a hero, for every selfish politician there is a dedicated leader and for every enemy there is a friend.
इन वाक्यों से यह पता चलता है हर दुष्ट के लिए यहाँ एक वीर है, हर स्वार्थी राजनेता के लिए एक समर्पित नेता है और हर शत्रु के लिए एक मित्र होता है।

Question 3.
How are bullies the easiest to defeat ? (2008,09,10,11,12,16)
दबंगों को हराना सबसे आसान क्यों हैं ?
Answer:
Bullies are the easiest to defeat because they can be easily targeted.
दबंगों को हराना इसलिए सबसे आसान है कि उन्हें आसानी से निशाना बनाया जा सकता

Question 4.
Select the sentences from the text that suggests Lincoln wanted his son to appreciate nature.
पाठ में से वह वाक्य चुनो जिससे ज्ञात होता है कि लिंकन चाहते थे कि उनका पुत्र प्रकृति प्रेमी बने।
Answer:
“But also give him quiet time to ponder the eternal mystery of birds in the sky, bees in the sun and flowers on a green hillside.”
“लेकिन उसे एकान्त भी प्रदान करो जिसमें वह आकाश में उड़ती चिड़ियों, सूरज की धूप में कार्यरत मधुमक्खियों और हरी-भरौ पहाड़ियों पर खिलखिलातें फूलों के शाश्वत रहस्य पर मनन कर सकें।”

Question 5.
Pick up the expression from the text which suggests that Lincoln greatly loved his son.
पाठ में से उस पद को निकालो जिससे पता चलता हो कि लिंकन अपने पुत्र को अत्यधिक प्यार करता था।
Answer:
“He is such a fine little fellow, my son” !
“वह एक बहुत ही प्यारा छोटा बच्चा है, मेरा पुत्र” !

Question 6.
What is worse than failure ? (2009, 11, 14)
असफलता से अधिक बुरा क्या है?
Answer:
Cheating is worse than failure.
नकल करना (बेईमानी करना) असफलता से ज्यादा बुरा है।

B. Briefly explain the following statements from the text.
पाठ के इन कथनों को संक्षेप में समझाइए।।

1. ….. a dollar earned is of far more value than five pounds.
Answer:
To earn a small sum by one’s own labour is far better than a huge sum received in gift.

2. …… to have faith in his own ideas, even if everyone tells him they are wrong.
Answer:
To have confidence in one’s own thinking ability.

3. …… to close his ears to the howling mob.
Answer:
Pay no heed to people shouting nonsensically

4. …… the secret of quiet laughter.
Answer:
Enjoying happiness and satisfaction without much ado.

5. ……. the courage to be impatient : …… the patience to be brave.
Answer:
Courage to be eager to do the right thing or to fight evil …… ability to persevere with fearlessness.

Language Practice

इस खण्ड के मूल प्रश्न व तालिकाएँ अपनी पाठ्य-पुस्तक में से देखिए। यहाँ केवल उनके उत्तर दिए जा रहे हैं।।

Complete these sentences using ‘little’ or ‘few’.

Question 1.
Little’ या ‘few’ का उपयोग करके वाक्य पूरे करो।
Answer:

1. few, little
2. little
3. little
4. few
5. Few.

Question 2.
Complete the sentences using a little’ or ‘a few’.
[a little’ या ‘a few’ का उपयोग करके वाक्य पूरे करो।
Answer:

1. a little
2. a few
3. a few
4. a few
5. a little, a few.

Question 3.
Complete the sentences using the little’ or ‘the few’.
[the little’ या ‘the few’ का उपयोग करके वाक्य पूरे करो।]
Answer:

1. The little
2. The few
3. the few
4. the little.

Question 4.
Complete the following sentences by filling in “each’ or ‘every’ as may be suitable.
[each’ या ‘every’ भरकर वाक्या पूरे करो।
Answer:

1. every
2. Each
3. Every
4. every
5. every
6. every
7. Each
8. each
9. Every
10. every

Question 5.
Fill in the blanks with ‘all’, ‘both’ or ‘whole whichever is suitable.
[‘all’, ‘both’ या ‘whole’ का उपयोग करके रिक्त स्थान भरो। ]
Answer:

1. all
2. whole
3. Both
4.  All
5. whole
6. all
7. whole
8. All
9. all
10. both

Question 6.
Insert ‘either’ or ‘neither’ wherever necessary.
‘either’ या ‘neither’ से रिक्त स्थान भरो।
Answer:

1. neither
2. either, neither
3. either
4. either
5. Neither
6. either
7. either
8. Neither
9. Neither
10. either.

Dear Teacher Summary in Hindi

मैं जानता हूँ कि उसे यह सीखना पड़ेगा कि सभी इन्सान ईमानदार और सच्चे नहीं होते, किन्तु उसे यह भी सिखाइए कि प्रत्येक बदमाश के प्रतिकार के लिए एक वीर होता है, प्रत्येक स्वार्थी राजनीतिज्ञ के प्रतिकार के लिए एक समर्पित नेता होता है। उसे समझाइए कि प्रत्येक विरोधी के प्रतिकार के लिए एक मित्र होता है। मैं समझता हूँ कि इसमें समय लगेगा, पर यदि आप उसे समझा सकतें हों तो समझाएँ कि कमाए हुए एक डॉलर का मूल्य पाँच पाउण्ड से अधिक होता है। उसे पराजय स्वीकारना सिखाइए पर इसी के साथ-साथ उसे विजय पर आनन्दित होना भी सिखाइए।

उसका मार्गदर्शन कीजिए जिससे वह विद्वेष से दूर रह सके। यदि आप कर सकें तो उसे निश्चल हास्य का मर्म सिखाइए।उसे जल्दी ही यह सिखा दीजिए कि उद्दण्डों को धूल चटाना सबसे आसान काम है। यदि आप कर सकते हों तो उसे किताबों के कौतुक का ज्ञान भी दीजिए, किन्तु उसे शान्ति के साथ बैठकर आकाश में उड़ती चिड़ियों, सूर्य के प्रकाश में कार्यरत मधुमक्खियों और हरित पहाड़ियों पर खिलते फूलों के चिरन्तन रहस्य पर चिन्तन करने के लिए भी समय दीजिए।

स्कल में उसे सिखाइए कि नकल करके पास होने से फेल होना ज्यादा सम्मानजनक है। यदि सब लोग कहें कि वे गलत हैं तब भी उसे अपने विचारों पर भरोसा रखना सिखाइए। उसे भले लोगों के साथ भला और दुष्टों के साथ दुष्ट के समान व्यवहार करना सिखाइए। मेरे पुत्र को इतनी शक्ति प्रदान करने का प्रयत्न कीजिए कि वह उस भीड़ से अलग रहे जो किसी लोकप्रिय होती गतिविधि में शामिल हो रही हो। उसे सभी लोगों की बात सुनना सिखाइए, लेकिन उसे यह भी सिखाइए कि जो वह सुनता है उसे सच्चाई की छलनी से छाने और जो अच्छाई निकले उसी को स्वीकार करे।

यदि आप कर सकें तो उस सिखाइए कि उदासी के समय हँसा कैसे जाता है। उसे सिखाइए कि आँसुओं से शर्मसार होने की आश्वयकता नहीं है। उसे दोषदर्शियों की हँसी उड़ाना तथा अधिक चाटुकारिता दिखाने वालों से सतर्क रहना सिखाइए। उसे अपनी शारीरिक एवं मानसिक क्षमता को सबसे अधिक बोली लगाने वालों को देना सिखाइए, किन्तु अपनी आत्मा और अपने हृदय का कोई मूल्य निर्धारित नहीं करना सिखाइए। उसे उत्तेजित भीड़ के शोर-शराबे पर ध्यान न देना और सच्चाई के लिए लड़ना भी सिखाइए।

उसके साथ सहृदयता का व्यवहार तो करिए किन्तु अधिक लाड़-प्यार मत दिखाइए क्योंकि आग में तपकर ही व्यक्ति लौहपुरुष बनता है। उसमें व्यग्रता के लिए साहस और बहादुरी के लिए धैर्य होना चाहिए। उसे अपने आप में परम विश्वास रखना सिखाइए क्योंकि तभी मानव जाति में उसका परम विश्वास बना रह सकता है। यह एक मुश्किल अभियाचना है पर देखिए आप क्या कुछ कर सकते हैं। वह, मेरा पुत्र, एक बहुत अच्छा इन्सान है। -अब्राहम लिंकन

Dear Teacher Word Meanings of Difficult Words

Above provided complete MP Board Solutions 11th English Study guide is useful for making your preparation effective. Students can frequently visit our page to get the latest updates on other subjects study materials.

Students who are studying 11th can get the free Madhya Pradesh Board Solutions for 11th English Chapter 2 The Limits of Knowledge Questions and Answers PDF here. You can download MP Board Class 11th English Solutions Questions and Answers PDF on this page. Practice questions of Mp Board Solutions of 11th English subject as many times as possible to get good marks.

MP Board Class 11th English The Spectrum Solutions Chapter 2 The Limits of Knowledge

Gather chapter wise MP Board Solutions for 11th English Study Material to score the highest marks in the final exam. Various chapters and subtopics are given clearly in MP Board Class 11th English Solutions Chapter 2 The Limits of Knowledge Questions and Answers Material. All the MP Board Solutions for 11th English Questions with detailed answers are provided by subject experts. The step by step MP Board Class 11th English Chapter 2 The Limits of Knowledge Questions and Answers guide will help you to enhance your skills in English subject and The Spectrum Solutions. Here, along with the subject knowledge, The Spectrum Solutions knowledge also plays an important role. So, students should download MP Board Solutions 11th English and read it to attempt all the questions with 100% confidence.

The Limits of Knowledge Textual Questions and Answers

Word Power

Question 1.
Match the words in column A with their meanings in column B.
[शब्दों का उनके अर्थों से मिलान करो।।.
Answer:
1 +4,2+ 1,3+5,4+2,5+6.6 + 3.

Comprehension

A. Answer the following questions in one or two sentences each.
[निम्नलिखित प्रश्नों के उत्तर एक या दो वाक्यों में दीजिए।

Question 1.
In what kind of scholarship did King Bhoj believe? (2012)
राजा भोज किस तरह के पाण्डित्य में विश्वास करते थे ?
Answer:
King Bhoj believed in that kind of scholarship which strives relentlessly to extend the limits of human knowledge
जो मानवीय ज्ञान की सीमाओं को बढ़ाने में निरन्तर संघर्षरत हो।

Question 2.
What caused the king and scholar to lose their way?
राजा तथा विद्वान मार्ग क्यों भटक गये ?
Answer:
They lost their way because they were deeply immersed in literary and philosophical discussion
वे मार्ग से भटक गये क्योंकि वे साहित्यिक तथा दार्शनिक चर्चा में डूबे हुए थे।

Question 3.
What did the king and the scholar ask the old woman ?
राजा और विद्वान ने बूढ़ी औरत से क्या पूछा ?
Answer:
They asked the old woman to tell them where that road went.
उन्होंने पूछा कि वह रास्ता कहाँ जाता था।

Question 4.
What did she reply ? उसने क्या जवाब दिया ?
Answer:
She said that the road did not go anywhere but stayed where it was. It was only the people who walked on it went somewhere.
उसने कहा कि रास्ता कहीं नहीं जाता, वहीं रहता है। केवल वे लोग जो उस पर चलते हैं, वे कहीं जाते हैं।

Question 5.
Who are the two guests according to the old woman ? (2014)
बूढ़ी औरत के अनुसार दो अतिथि कौन हैं ?
Answer:
According to the old woman the two guests are wealth and youth.
धन और यौवन दो अतिथि हैं।

Question 6.
Who are Indra and Yama? (2013, 15)
इन्द्र और यम कौन है ?
Answer:
Indra and Yama are the two kings. Indra is the king of Gods while Yama is the king of death.
इन्द्र और यम राजा हैं। इन्द्र देवताओं के राजा हैं तथा यम मृत्यु के देवता हैं।

Question 7.
Who are the two Sadhus?
दो साधु कौन हैं ?
Answer:
The two Sadhus are modesty and contentment.
विनम्रता और सन्तोष दो साधु हैं।

Question 8.
How would you define the word ‘pardesi’?
‘परदेसी’ शब्द को तुम किस प्रकार परिभाषित करोगे?
Answer:
Pardesi is a person who comes to a new country or town.
वह व्यक्ति जो किसी नए देश या गाँव आता है।

Question 9.
Who are the two defeated in the world? (2008, 09)
संसार में दो हारे हुए व्यक्ति कौन है ?
Answer:
The two defeated men are a man burdened with debt and the father of a girl who hasn’t got good qualities.
कर्ज के बोझ से दबा हुआ व्यक्ति और सद्गुण रहित लड़की का पिता।

Question 10.
Why did the old woman pretend not to know them ?
बूढ़ी औरत ने उन्हें न पहचानने का नाटक क्यों किया ? (2011)
Answer:
According to the woman the king and his companion had become too proud of their wealth and learning. Hence she pretended not to know them in order to bring them down to earth.

बूढ़ी औरत के अनुसार, राजा तथा उसके साथी को अपनी दौलत तथा जोत का दम्भ हो गया था। इसलिए उन्हें जमीन पर लाने के लिए उसने उन्हें न पहचानने का नाटक किया।

B. Answer the following questions in three or four sentences each.
निम्नलिखित प्रश्नों का तीन या चार वाक्यों में उत्तर दीजिए।।

Question 1.
King Bhoj was a learned man. On what basis would you support this statement ? (2009, 10)
राजा भोज विद्वान व्यक्ति थे। इस वाक्य की पुष्टि आप किस आधार पर करेंगे ?
Answer:
He was well versed in sculpture, architecture, science and engineering. Apart from these he was well-versed in astrology, music as well as theatre. He also used to delve deep into the highest questions of ethics and philosophy.

वे मूर्तिकला, वास्तुकला, विज्ञान, यान्त्रिकी, ज्योतिष, विज्ञान, संगीत तथा नाट्यकला के प्रकाण्ड पण्डित थे। वे नीतिशास्त्र तथा दर्शनशास्त्र के प्रश्नों में गहरे उतर जाते थे।

Question 2.
Why in your opinion did the old woman describe wealth and youth as guests? (2014)
आपके विचार से बूढ़ी औरत ने दौलत और यौवन को अतिथि क्यों कहा?
Answer:
Guests come and stay for a short time. They don’t come to stay permanently. Both youth and wealth do not stay with a person permanently. They come and depart after some time. Hence, the old woman described them as guests.

अतिथि कुछ समय के लिए आते हैं, हमेशा के लिए नहीं। दौलत और यौवन दोनों ही किसी व्यक्ति के साथ हमेशा नहीं रहते। वे आते हैं और कुछ समय बाद चले जाते हैं। इसलिए बूढ़ी औरत ने उन्हें अतिथि कहा।

Question 3.
“Only the soul and the leaf ofatree can be Pardesi.” Justily the statement in your own words.
“केवल आत्मा और पेड़ की पत्ती ही परदेसी हैं।” इस कथन का अपने शब्दों में समर्थन कीजिए।
Answer:
The soul of a person enters his body at the time of his birth and leaves it at the time of his death. Similarly, the leaf of a tree sprouts on its branch, stays on for some time and then falls on the ground. It also stays on the tree for some time. Hence, both of them, the soul and the leaf can be treated as Pardesi.

किसी व्यक्ति की आत्मा उसके शरीर में उसके जन्म के समय प्रवेश करती है तथा उसकी मृत्यु के समय वापस जाकर समष्टि में समा जाती है। इसी प्रकार पेड़ की पत्ती उसकी शाखा पर उगती है, कुछ समय साथ रहने के बाद जमीन पर गिर जाती है। अत: दोनों को परदेसी कहा जा सकता है।

Question 4.
The old woman wanted to teach the king and his scholar a lesson. Did she succeed ? Explain.
बूढ़ी औरत राजा तथा उसके साथी को सबक सिखाना चाहती थी। क्या वह सफल हुई ? समझाओ।
Answer:
The king and his scholar companion were very learned men. They had become proud of their learning. The old woman wanted to teach them a lesson and hence went on asking them searching questions as well as counter their answers. In the end they realised their mistake and the old woman succeeded in bringing them down to earth.

राजा तथा उसका साथी विद्वान व्यक्ति थे। उन्हें अपने ज्ञान पर घमण्ड था। बूढ़ी औरत उन्हें सबक सिखाना चाहती थी और इसीलिए प्रत्युत्तर में उनसे खोजपूर्ण प्रश्न पूछती जा रही थी तथा उनके उत्तरों का प्रतिकार भी करती जा रही थी। अन्त में उन्हें अपने गलती का अहसास हुआ और बूढ़ी औरत उन्हें जमीन पर लाने में सफल हो गयी।

Question 5.
How did the king and the scholar feel at the end of the story? राजा तथा विद्वान को कहानी के अन्त में कैसा लग रहा था ?
Answer:
The old woman caught them on the wrong foot when they asked her where the road went. Hence she started asking them searching questions as well as ridiculing their answers. With this approach of hers, they slowly became desperate and at the end threw up their hands in despair

जब राजा तथा विद्वान ने बूढी औरत से पूछा कि रास्ता कहाँ जाता है तो बूढ़ी औरत को मौका मिल गया उनके ज्ञानी होने का घमण्ड चूर-चूर करने का तथा उसने बेतुके प्रश्न पूछना तथा उनके द्वारा दिए गए उत्तरों का मजाक बनाना और उन्हें गलत साबित करना शुरू कर दिया। इस तरह वे धीरे-धीरे हताश हो गए और अन्त में निराश होकर उन्होंने हथियार डाल दिये।

Question 6.
Why did the woman decide to bring the king and the scholar to earth ?
बूढ़ी औरत ने राजा तथा विद्वान को जमीन पर लाने का निश्चय क्यों किया ?
Ans.
From their behaviour the old woman concluded that they had become proud of their wealth and learning. This wasn’t good for them, particularly for the king because that would have harmed the interests of the people of his kingdom. So she decided to teach them a lesson and bring them down to their senses.

उनके व्यवहार से बूढ़ी औरत ने निष्कर्ष निकाला कि उन्हें अपनी दौलत तथा अपने ज्ञान का घमण्ड हो गया है। यह उनके लिए, खासतौर से राजा के लिए अच्छा नहीं था क्योंकि इससे उसके राज्य के लोगों की हानि होती। इसलिए उसने उन्हें सबक सिखाने का निश्चय किया।

Language Practice

इस खण्ड के मूल प्रश्न व तालिकाएँ अपनी पाठ्य-पुस्तक में से देखिए। यहाँ केवल उनके उत्तर दिए जा रहे हैं।]

B. Read the passage and underline the articles a/an and the.
अनुच्छेद को पढ़कर a/an और the को रेखांकित कीजिए।।
Answer:
My friend is an architect. After graduation she took up a job with a multinational company. The job takes her all over the country. It is extremely interesting. At the moment, she is looking for a new job
because the travelling is getting very tiresome.

C. Insert a/an or the in the blank spaces.
la/an or the से खाली स्थान भरो।
Answer:

1. an
2. the
3. a, a, the, the
4. a
5. a, the, an, the
6. a
7. a
8. a
9. a
10. the.

D. Identify the following as normally countable [C] or uncountable
[U]. Add at least five more items to each type.
Countable या uncountable पहचानो। प्रत्येक प्रकार के पाँच और जोड़ो।]
Answer:

E. Fill in the blanks with correct determiners given :
Determiners से रिक्त स्थान भरो।।
Answer:

1. a
2. some
3. the, the
4. one
5. some
6. some
7. the
8. a, a, an
9. some
10. a, the.

F. Insert ‘some’ or ‘any’ where required .
“some’ और ‘any’ उचित जगह भरो।
Answer:

1. some
2. any
3. any
4. some, any
5. some
6. any
7. any
8. some, any
9. some, any
10. some.

G Fill in the blanks with ‘much’ or ‘many’ as required.
I’much’ और ‘many’ से रिक्त स्थान भरो।।
Answer:

1. much
2. many
3. many
4. much
5. much
6. much
7. many
8. many.

The Limits of Knowledge Summary in Hindi

राजा भोज देवी सरस्वती के उपासक थे। उनका विश्वास ऐसे पाण्डित्य में नहीं था जो पुस्तकों में छुपा रहे, वे तो ऐसी विद्वता में विश्वास रखते थे जो मानवीय ज्ञान की सीमाओं को बढ़ाने के लिए निरन्तर संघर्षरत हो। उनके दरबार में सबसे अधिक सम्मान दिया जाता था पाण्डित्य को तथा उसको प्राप्त करने के लिए निरन्तर प्रयत्नशील व्यक्तियों को। वे स्वयं भाषा, व्याकरण, कविता, मूर्तिकला, वास्तुकला, ज्योतिष विज्ञान, संगीत, नाट्यकला तथा नीतिशास्त्र के महत्त्वपूर्ण प्रश्नों तथा दर्शनशास्त्र के प्रकाण्ड पण्डित थे। एक दिन वे पड़ोसी राज्य के एक अत्यन्त पढ़े-लिखे विद्वान के साथ ग्रामीण क्षेत्र में धूम रहे थे। घूमते समय वे दोनों साहित्यिक एवं दार्शनिक चर्चा में डूबे हुए थे। इसके कारण वे रास्ता भूल गये। एक ऐसे गाँव में आकर जहाँ एक बूढ़ी औरत अपने खेत की देखभाल कर रही थी, वे रुके और उससे पूछा,
“सम्मानीय माता जी, यह रास्ता कहाँ जाता है ?”
“यह रास्ता कहीं नहीं जाता, यह तो यहीं रहता है। केवल वे व्यक्ति जो इस पर चलते हैं वे कहीं जाते हैं। अतः मुझे बताओ कि तुम कौन हो ?”
“हम लोग यात्री है। उन्होंने उत्तर दिया।
वह बूढ़ी औरत मुस्कुराई। “यात्री तो मात्र दो हैं-सूर्य और चन्द्रमा। तुम मुझे सच-सच बताओ कि तुम कौन हो ?”
“बहन, हम लोग अतिथि है।” विद्वान पुरुष ने कहा।
“अतिथि तो मात्र दो हैं-एक धन और दूसरा यौवन। अब मुझे बताओ कि तुम इनमें से कौन हो ?” बूढ़ी औरत ने कहा।
“हम राजा हैं।” राजा भोज ने कहा।
“राजा तो मात्र दो हैं एक इन्द्र (देवताओं के राजा) और दूसरे यम (मृत्यु के देवता) अब मुझे बताओं कि तुम इनमें से कौन हो ?” बूढ़ी औरत ने पूछ।
अब राजा भोज तथा उनके साथी विस्मित थे। “हम…….. हम दोनों महान् योग्यता वाले व्यक्ति हैं।” उन्होंने कहा।
“महान् योग्यता वाले तो केवल दो हैं-एक पृथ्वी और दूसरी स्त्री, किन्तु तुम तो इनमें से नहीं दिखाई देते।
अब बोलो तुम कौन हो ?”
“बहन हम साधु हैं।” राजा भोज ने निराश होते हुए कहा।
“तुम मुझे साधु के समान तो दिखाई नहीं देते।” उस औरत ने असहमति से सिर हिलाते हुए कहा।
“फिर भी साधु तो केवल दो हैं।” उसने कहा, एक विनम्रता और दूसरा सन्तोष।” अब विद्वान व्यक्ति ने साहस बटोरा और कहा,” बहन, हम लोग परदेसी है।” किन्तु उस औरत को यह कुछ मंजूर नहीं था, “परदेसी तो तुम नहीं हो।” उसने कहा।
केवल आत्मा और पेड़ की पत्ती ही परदेसी हो सकती हैं। अब बताओ कि तुम कौन हो ?”
उस औरत के विस्मयकारी उत्तरों के सामने राजा और उनके विद्वान साथी को शब्द मिलना कठिन हो रहा था। ____ अब कुछ कहने की साथी विद्वान की बारी थी, ” बहन हम चतुर हैं।” उन्होंने कहा।
“इस संसार में चतुर तो केवल दो चीजें है अन्न और पानी। तुम इनमें से कौन हो?” बूढ़ी औरत ने जवाबी प्रहार किया।
इस पर राजा भोज और उनके विद्वान अतिथि ने कराहते हुए कहा, हम लोग हार गये।”
“इस संसार में केवल दो हारे हुए व्यक्ति हैं।” उस औरत ने कहा, “एक कर्ज के बोझ से दबा हुआ व्यक्ति और दूसरा सद्गुण रहित लड़की का पिता। तुम मुझे ईमानदारी से क्यों नहीं बताते कि तुम कौन हो ?”
निराश होकर अपने हाथ उठाते हुए राजा भोज तथा विद्वान व्यक्ति ने कहा, “हम क्या कहें बहन ? सच्चाई तो यह है कि हम कुछ नहीं जानते। तुम हो जो सब जानती हो।” __इन शब्दों पर उस बूढ़ी औरत के चेहरे पर मुस्कान बिखर गई और वह गम्भीर हो गई। उसने शान्त तथा सौम्य स्वर में कहा, “तुम दोनों को अपनी दौलत तथा ज्ञान का दम्भ हो गया था। मुझे शुरू से ही पता था कि तुम राजा भोज हो और यह तुम्हारे विन अतिथि। तुम्हें वापस पृथ्वी पर लाने का यह मेरा अपना तरीका था। इस रास्ते पर जाओ।” उसने इशारा किया, “यह वापस घर जाने का मार्ग है।”
राजा भोज और उनके विद्वान अतिथि उस बढ़ी औरत के समाने नतमस्तक हो गये जिसने उनकी कमियाँ उजागर करके उनकी आँखें खोल दी थीं। घर वापस जाते समय उनके पास सोचने को बहुत कुछ था। – शारदा बेल

The Limits of Knowledge Word Meanings of Difficult Words

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MP Board Class 11th English The Spectrum Solutions Chapter 1 True Worship

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True Worship Textual Questions and Answers

Word Power

A. Find out the correct meanings of the underlined words from the alternatives given :

दिए गए विकल्पों में से रेखांकित शब्दों का सही अर्थ चुनो।।
1. First fill your heart with the fragrance of love.
b. pleasing smell

2. Go not to the temple to light candles before the altar of God.
a. a holy table

3. First learn to bow in humility.
a. the quality of being humble

4. Go not to the temple to ask for forgiveness for your sins.
b. impiety A Pick the odd one out:
Answer:

1. wholesome
2. God
3. request
4. issues.

Comprehension

A. Answer the following questions in one or two sentences each.
[निम्नलिखित प्रश्नों का एक या दो वाक्यों में उत्तर दीजिए।

Question 1.
What does the poet want us to do before putting flowers upon the feet of God? (2014)
ईश्वर के चरणों में पुष्प अर्पित करने से पहले कवि हमसे क्या चाहता है ?
Answer:
He wants us to fill our house with the fragrance of love.
वो चाहता है कि हम उससे पहले अपने घर को प्यार की सुगन्ध से परिपूरित कर (भर) लें।

Question 2.
What should we remove from our hearts first? (2009, 12, 13)
पहले हमें अपने हृदय से क्या दूर करना चाहिए ?
Answer:
We should remove the darkness of sin from our hearts.
हमें अपने हृदय से पापरूपी अन्धकार को दूर करना चाहिए।

Question 3.
What should we learn before bowing our heads in prayer ?
हमें प्रार्थना में अपने सिर झुकाने से पहले क्या सीखना चाहिए ?
Answer:
We should learn to bow in humility before bowing our heads in prayer.
हमें विनम्रता से झुकना सीखना चाहिए।

Question 4.
What should we do before asking God for forgiveness for our own sins ? (2009, 16)
ईश्वर से अपने पापों की क्षमा माँगने से पहले हमें क्या करना चाहिए ?
Answer:
We should forgive people who have sinned against us before asking God to forgive our sins.
ईश्वर से क्षमा माँगने से पहले हमें अपने साथ दुराचार करने वाले व्यक्यिों को माफ करना चाहिए।

B. Answer the following questions in two to four sentences each.
[निम्नलिखित प्रश्नों के उत्तर दो से चार वाक्यों में दीजिए।

Question 1.
What does the poet mean by ‘darkness’ in our hearts? How can removing this darkness help us in the eyes of God ?
कवि का हमारे हृदय से ‘अन्धकार’ से क्या आशय है ? इसे दूर करने से ईश्वर के सामने हमें क्या मदद मिलेगी ?
Answer:
By ‘darkness’ in our hearts the poet refers to the sins committed by us. Getting rid of our sins will make the ritual of placing lighted candles before the altar acceptable to him.
हृदय में ‘अन्धकार’ से कवि का आशय हमारे द्वारा किये गये पापों से है। अपने पापों से छटकारा पा लेने से वेदी के सामने दीप जलाने का कर्मकाण्ड उसे अधिक स्वीकार्य होगा।

Question 2.
Who are the ‘down-trodden’? What can we do to lift them up ? (2009, 15)
‘दलित’ कौन होते हैं ? उन्हें उठाने के लिए हम क्या कर सकते है।
Answer:
Down-trodden are those people who are treated so badly by rich and powerful people that they no longer have the energy to fight back. We can lift them up by giving them support, love, care and giving them their due.
दलित हमारे समाज के धनी तथा ताकतवरों द्वारा सताए गए लोग होते है जिनमें संघर्ष करने की शक्ति नहीं होती। उन्हें उठाने के लिए हमें उनकी चिन्ता करनी चाहिए, उन्हें सम्बल प्रदान करना चाहिए और उनकी मदद करनी चाहिए।

Question 3.
Why is it necessary to forgive others before asking for forgiveness?
अपने लिए क्षमा माँगने से पहले दूसरों को क्षमा करना क्यों आवश्यक है?
Answer:
It is necessary because God will forgive you only when you will forgive the fellow human beings who have done bad deeds against you.
क्योंकि जब तक तुम अपने साथ बुरा करने वालों को क्षमा नहीं करोगे तब तक ईश्वर भी तुम्हें क्षमा नहीं करेंगे।

Question 4.
What should we do before asking God for forgiveness for our own sins ?
ईश्वर से अपने पापों की क्षमा माँगने से पहले हमें क्या करना चाहिए ?
Answer:
We should forgive people who have harmed us by their bad deeds. This will earn us the right to ask for forgiveness from God.
हमें उन लोगों को क्षमा करना चाहिए जिन्होंने हमारे साथ बुरा किया है। इसमें हमें ईश्वर से माफी मांगने का हक मिल जाएगा।

True Worship Hindi Translation

मन्दिर में ईश्वर के चरणों में पुष्पांजली अर्पित करने मत जाओ,
पहले अपने घर को प्यार की सुगन्ध से भर लो।
मन्दिर में ईश्वर की वेदी के सन्मुख दीप जलाने मत जाओ,
पहले अपने अन्दर के पापरूपी अन्धकार को दूर कर लो।
मन्दिर में प्रार्थना में अपना सीस नवाने मत जाओ,
पहले अपने साथी मनुष्यों के सन्मुख विनम्रता से झुकमा सीखो।
मन्दिरों में घुटने मोड़कर प्रार्थना करने मत जाओ,
पहले किसी पददलित इन्सान को झुककर उठाना सीखो।
मन्दिर में अपने पापों के लिए क्षमा-याचना करने मत जाओ,
पहले हृदय से उसको क्षमा करो जिसने तुम्हारे साथ दुराचार किया हो।  -रविन्द्रनाथ टैगोर

True Worship Word Meanings of Difficult Words

True Worship Summary in Hindi

यह कविता हमें उपासना का सही मार्ग दिखाती है। वास्तविक प्रार्थना उपासक द्वारा कर्मकाण्ड का अन्धानुकरण मात्र नहीं है, वह तो ईश्वर द्वारा वांछित कर्म के निष्पादन में निहित है। ईश्वर के चरणों में पुष्प अर्पित करना मात्र कर्मकाण्ड है-यह ईश्वर को तभी स्वीकार्य होता है जब उपासक अपने हृदय को मानव प्रेम की मधुर सुगन्ध से परिपूरित कर लेता है। जब तक उपासक अपने हृदय से पाप रूपी अन्धकार को निकाल नहीं देता तब तक ईश्वर के सम्मुख दीप प्रज्जवलित करना उसे स्वीकार्य नहीं होता। जो व्यक्ति दूसरे इन्सानों को अपने से तुच्छ समझता हो उसके लिए ईश्वर के हृदय में कोई स्थान नहीं होता। ईश्वर के सामने सीस झुकाने से पूर्व मनुष्य का अहंकार से छुटकारा पाना आवश्यक है। जो इन्सान धनी एवं प्रभावशाली व्यक्तियों द्वारा उत्पीड़ित हैं उन्हें आपके सम्बल, आपके प्यार तथा आपके संरक्षण की आवश्यकता है। पहले उनके प्रति अपनी जिम्मेदारी का निर्वहन करो फिर ईश्वर के सामने नतमस्तक होकर उसकी उपासना का मधुर स्वाद प्राप्त करने का प्रयत्न करो। पहले उन इन्सानों को क्षमादान दो जिन्होंने तुम्हारे साथ दुष्कर्म किये हों, तुम्हें सताया हो, फिर ईश्वर से अपने पापों के लिए क्षमादान की प्रार्थना करो तो ईश्वर तुम्हें क्षमा करेगा।

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Students who are studying 11th can get the free Madhya Pradesh Board Solutions for 11th English Unit 1 Sounds in English Questions and Answers PDF here. You can download MP Board Class 11th English Solutions Questions and Answers PDF on this page. Practice questions of Mp Board Solutions of 11th English subject as many times as possible to get good marks.

MP Board Class 11th English A Voyage Workbook Solutions Unit 1 Sounds in English

Gather chapter wise MP Board Solutions for 11th English Study Material to score the highest marks in the final exam. Various chapters and subtopics are given clearly in MP Board Class 11th English Solutions Unit 1 Sounds in English Questions and Answers Material. All the MP Board Solutions for 11th English Questions with detailed answers are provided by subject experts. The step by step MP Board Class 11th English Unit 1 Sounds in English Questions and Answers guide will help you to enhance your skills in English subject and A Voyage Workbook Solutions. Here, along with the subject knowledge, A Voyage Workbook Solutions knowledge also plays an important role. So, students should download MP Board Solutions 11th English and read it to attempt all the questions with 100% confidence.

1.1 Sounds in English

See Workbook Page-2

Exercises

A. The vowel sounds in English

See Workbook Page-2

Question 1.
Listen and repeat the following words in pairs.

Answer:
For self attempt

Question 2.
Listen and repeat the following words in triplets and pairs.

Answer:
For self attempt

Question 3.
Listen and repeat the given words in pairs.

Answer:
For self attempt

Question 4.
Listen and repeat the following words in pairs:

Answer:
For self attempt

B. The Consonant Sounds.

See Workbook Page-3

Exercises

Question 1.
Listen and repeat the following words in pairs:

Answer:
For self attempt

Question 2.
Given below are words which have different sounds. Listen carefully and repeat them.

Answer:
For self attempt

Question 3.
Repeat the following more than once. These are tongue twisters that will help you in making your pronunciation better.
1. Red lorry, yellow lorry, red lorry, yellow lorry
2. Mr. Smith’s fish sauce shop
3. Shy Shelly says she shall sew sheets.
4. Fat frogs flying past fast
5. Which-witch wished which wicked wish?

6. Swim, Swam, Swin!
Swan swam back again
Well swum, swan.

7. Once one was a race horse
two-two was one, too.
When one-one won one race
Two-Two won one too.

8. Betty Botter bought some butter.
But the butter was too bitter.
So Betty Botter bought some better butter
To make the bitter butter better.
Answer:
For self attempt

Reductions :

See Workbook Page-6

Exercises

Question 1.
Now read the following sentences aloud as instructed.
A- Which one you want? This one?
(pronounce ‘do’ reduced)
B : No.
A- Well, Which one you want?
(Pronounce ‘do’ strong)
B : one (Pronounce ‘that’ strong)
A : Which one?
B- The one I’m pointing to?
(Pronounce ‘that’ strong)
C- Why don’t you try rm stop? (reduced ‘to’)
D- I’ve tried rm (strong ‘to’)
E- I’m surprised find driving so difficult.
(reduced ‘you’)
F- Well, how did stop? (strong ‘you’)
When structure words begin with “h” e.g. her, his, him etc. the initial “h” often disappears.
Answer:
For self attempt

Question 2.
Practice saying the following without pronouncing “h”

1. Did ( )e go?
2. Give (f)im the pen.
3. Is (h)e there?
4. Leave (f)er alone.
5. When did (f)e go there?
6. Who did (f)e talk to?
7. Have you talked to (f)im yet?
8. Did you ask (f)im?
9. “What did (f)e say?
10. Did you ask (f)im who (f)e was with?

Answer:
For self attempt

Question 3.
Read aloud and learn these rhyming proverbs.

Haste makes waste.
Love many, trust few always paddle your own canoe.
If you snooze you lose.
A stitch in time saves nine.
Two in distress make trouble less.
Birds of a feather flock together.
Finders, keepers; losers, weepers.
Early to bed, early to rise makes a person healthy, wealthy and wise.
A friend in need is a friend indeed.
Trouble comes double.
A friend in words and not in deeds is like a garden full of weeds.
When money talks nobody walks.
When the cat’s away the mice will play
No pain no gain
Answer:
For self attempt

1.2 Word Stress

See Workbook Page-9

Exercises

Point out the number of syllables in the following words.
Take the help of a dictionary.

1. register – three
2. degree – two
3. vitamin – three
4. attempt – three
5. exercise – four
6. sudden – two
7. vocabulary – five
8. twelfth – three
9. gypsy – three
10. universal – three
11. exchange – three
12. bottle – two
13. collective – four
14. ask – two

Stress in words

See Workbook Page-9

Exercises

Question 1.
Look up a dictionary and mark the stress and pronounce the words aloud.
airport, ship wreck, selfish, appointment, economy, economical, beginning, aimless, exposure, introduce, introduction, celebrate development, beautiful, answer, careless, remember, credit, realize, realization, reply, waiting, lazy, laziness, perhaps.
Answer:
For self attempt

Question 2.
Mark the stress and pronounce the following words as nouns/ adjectives with accent on the first able and as verb with accent on the second syllable.

1. absent – accent
2. addict – conduct
3. content – contract
4. convict – decrease
5. desert – export
6. frequent – increase
7. perfect – present
8. record – import

Answer:
For self attempt

1.3 Intonation

See Workbook Pages-11-13

Exercises

Question 1.
Try and say the following utterances in a falling tone:

1. ‘Sit ‘down.
2. ‘Thanks.
3. ‘Tell him a ‘story.
4. ‘Do it ‘now.
5. It’s ‘nine.
6. ‘What are you ‘doing?
7. ’She is ’beautiful.

Answer:
For self attempt

Question 2.
Try and say the following utterances in a rising tone :

1. ’What is his, name?
2. Good, morning.
3. ‘Are you, going?
4. ’When shall we, meet?
5. ‘Go and, do it.
6. ‘Will you answer the call?

Answer:
For self attempt

Question 3.
Listen carefully and mark each sentence with correct stress and intonation.

1. Don’t ask foolish questions.
2. What a marvelous idea!
3. Where are you going?
4. It’s impossible.
5. You must learn how to do it.
6. Place it on the table.
7. Wasn’t that gracious of him?
8. How extraordinary!
9. Take it back.
10. He is wearing a cap.

Answer:
For self attempt

Question 4.
Listen carefully and mark each sentence with correct stress and intonation.

1. Good morning.
2. You are a scientist, aren’t you?
3. Is he present?
4. I can buy you the gift (if I get the money)
5. Put it on the desk.
6. Where can we meet?
7. Don’t disturb the child.
8. How old are you?
9. It was my mistake.
10. Pass the salt please!

Answer:
For self attempt

Question 5.
Listen carefully and mark with correct stress and intonation. (Combined tones.)

1. I think it’s quite clear, on the whole.
2. Will you be staying there for long?
3. What he meant by it, I can’t imagine.
4. He was right nevertheless.
5. I’d buy a new one, if I could afford it.

Answer:
For self attempt

Question 6.
Try to say these sentences in a falling rising tone.

1. You are slow (though I understand your point of view).
2. It’d be better to try (even if you don’t succeed).
3. I would love to go (If I can get the permission).
4. It is very short (we like tall shapes).
5. I like playing (but I don’t get the occasion).
6. I love knitting, (but I can’t sew).

Answer:
For self attempt

Verb with Prepositions

See Workbook Page-23-24

Exercises

(a) Fill in the blanks with suitable prepositions:

1. You must concentrate on your studies.
2. The teacher said. “Boys, listen to me”
3. I was marveled at his sense of humour.
4. The hakim cured him of his disease.
5. The workers are protesting against the cut in their wages.
6. I am waiting for your reply.
7. She invited me to dinner.
8. Don’t compare me with my brother.
9. Refrain him from taking any rash action.
10. We take pride of our heritage.

(b) Fill in the blanks in this story :

Shravan is an orphan who came to Delhi from his village in Bihar in search of work. His father kept a shop, but was tricked of it by a deceitful uncle. Despair drove him to alcohol and gambling, and he died of a stroke soon after.

Shravan worked in a tea shop in his village for a while. He moved for the more lucrative environs in Delhi, where his elder brother Gopal had preceded him. Following a brief spell of unemployment and a short shell as an assistant in a car park, he joined a tea shop.

c) Put an appropriate preposition after the verb in each sentence.
Then use your own ideas to complete each sentence. One is done for you.

1. I broke her glasses and she made me pay
2. I am excited because I am going to play
3. He was not paying attention and crashed
4. I have to stay home tonight and prepare
5. All the furniture in the room belongs
6. Whether or not we go out depends
7. There was so much noise that I could not concentrate rm
8. In my opinion, an ideal breakfast consists of
9. It was an awful hotel and we complained
10. We only had one sandwich, so it was divided

Above provided complete MP Board Solutions 11th English Study guide is useful for making your preparation effective. Students can frequently visit our page to get the latest updates on other subjects study materials.

Students who are studying 11th can get the free Madhya Pradesh Board Solutions for 11th English Unit 5 Using A Dictionary Questions and Answers PDF here. You can download MP Board Class 11th English Solutions Questions and Answers PDF on this page. Practice questions of Mp Board Solutions of 11th English subject as many times as possible to get good marks.

MP Board Class 11th English A Voyage Workbook Solutions Unit 5 Using A Dictionary

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See Workbook Page 193-194

Exercises

Consult a dictionary and answer the following:
Question 1.
Are the following pairs of words pronounced alike?
yes, put a (✓) mark against that pair and of no, put (✗) mark against that pair :

• principal — principle (✓)
• where — were (✗)
• oral — auraI (✗)
• sailing — selling (✗)
• horse — hoarse (✗)
• Stationary — stationery (✓)
• except — accept (✗)
• advise — advice (✗)
• Caste — cast (✓)
• rite — riot (✗)

Question 2.
IdentIfy the part of speech of ‘round’ in the following sentences:

• The final of voting is going on. Noun
• Her eyes with terror. Verb
• The earth moves the sun. Adverb
• The students stood waiting for the teacher. Preposition
• He has some beautiful and balls. Adjective

Question 3.
Two different pronunciations of the following words have
been given. Put a (✓) mark against the right pronunciation. Check your answer from the dictionary.

Question 4.
Look up the meaning of each of the following words. List at least two different meanings for each word.

Question 5.
Look up each of the following words. Decide whether both spellings are in use or one is more common than the other.

• color – color
• acknowledgment – acknowledgment
• harbour – harbor
• lambast – lambaste
• fledgeling – fledgling.
• programme – program
• center – center
• almanac – almanack
• moveable – movable
• focused – focussed

Ans.
Do yourself.

Question 6.
Find out plurals of the following nouns. If words have two plurals write both.

• scarf – scarfs
• memorandum – meronda
• formula – formulas/ formula
• motto – mottos
• duck – ducks
• fungus – fungi
• syllabus – syllabii
• dwarf – dwarfs
• medium – media
• lacuna – lacuae/lacunas
• buffalo – buffaloes
• pheasant – pheasants/pheasant

Question 7.
Find out the meanings of the following phrases/idioms.

• a curate’s egg — something that has some good parts and some bad ones.
• to crown it all — the worst of all in a series of unpleasant events.
• be in the doghouse — somebody’s arnnoyance for doing wrong.
• draw a blank — to get no response or result.
• an educated guess – a correct and calculated guess
• fast and furious — full of rapid action and sudden changes.

Above provided complete MP Board Solutions 11th English Study guide is useful for making your preparation effective. Students can frequently visit our page to get the latest updates on other subjects study materials.

Students who are studying 11th can get the free Madhya Pradesh Board Solutions for 11th English Clauses Questions and Answers PDF here. You can download MP Board Class 11th English Solutions Questions and Answers PDF on this page. Practice questions of Mp Board Solutions of 11th English subject as many times as possible to get good marks.

MP Board Class 11th Special English Grammar Clauses

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1. Noun Clauses
A noun clause does the function of a noun in a sentence.
Noun clause को शुरू करने के लिए निम्न connective words का प्रयोग करते हैं
(i) That clauses.
Look at these sentences :
I expect that I shall get a prize.
He says that he won’t go.
यदि कोई clause that से शुरू हो और उस that का अर्थ ‘कि’ हो तो वह Noun clause होता है।

(ii) Wh-clauses as Noun clauses.
Look at these sentences :
Tell me where he lives.
Tell me why you do this.
I don’t follow what you say.
No one knows who he is
who, where, which, how, why, how, when आदि से रूप हनी वाले clauses noun clauses होते हैं।

Look at these sentences :
What you say is true.
How he comes here is not known.

what, where, when, that, how, why आदि से शुरू होने वाले clauses जब किसी sentence के शुरू में रहते हैं और जब उनके बाद कोई noun नहीं आता है वे noun clauses होते हैं।

(iii) If/whether clauses as Noun clauses.
Look at these sentences :
Do you know if the office is open?
I Can you say whether Rohit is in the park?
Yes or no question में if या whether से noun clause शुरू होता है।

Look at these sentences :
I don’t know whether he will help me or not.
I don’t care if your car breaks down or not.
कुछ अन्य तरह के वाक्यों में whether और if से शुरु होने वाले clauses noun एवं clauses होते हैं जब उनका हिंदी में अर्थ कोई ऐसा शब्द होता है जो कि ‘कि’ से शुरू होते हैं।

2. Relative clauses (adjective clauses)
Adjective clause, एक Adjective के समान, अपने से पूर्व आने वाले noun एवं pronoun की विशेषता बताता है।
(i) Adjective clauses निम्न connective words से शुरू होते है-(i) who, which, that, whom, where.

Look at these sentences :
This is the man who gave me money.
The man whom you saw is an engineer.
This is the house that my father built.

Who, which, that, whom, whose shift a tam clauses adjective clauses होते हैं जब इनके पहले कोई noun रहता है।

(ii) Where, when, why Look at these sentences :
This is the house where I was born. :
He arrived on the day when the office was closed.
You can’t tell me the reason why he left so suddenly.
Where, when, why

3. Coordinate Clauses
(i) जो clause एक ही rank या order के होते हैं, coordinate clause कहलाते हैं।

Look at these sentences :
Govern your passion or they will govern you.
To err is human; to forgive divine.

पहले sentence में दो clauses को or से जोड़ा गया है। दूसरे sentence में दो clauses को एक semicolon से जोड़ा गया है।
(ii) Coordinate clauses प्रायः Coordinate conjunctions and, or, but आदि द्वारा जुड़े होते हैं या कभी – कभी conjunctions के बदले comma या semi-colon का प्रयोग किया जाता है। ”
(iii) मुख्य coordinating conjunctions है and, but, or, still, yet, as well as, both… and, either …. or, however, neither ……. nor, otherwise, else, for, so, not only …….., but also आदि।

4. Adverbial Clause

Adverbial clause वाक्य में Adverb का काम करता है एवं Principal clause में व्यवहार किए गए किसी adjective, adverb या verb की विशेषता बताता है। कभी-कभी यह पूरे clause की भी विशेषता बताता है।

Kinds of Adverbial Clauses

(i) Adverbial Clauses of Time
Look at these sentences :
She decided to wait, until the train arrived.
The students stood up when the teacher left the classroom.
There was silence as the leader spoke.
One of them began to cry before I opened the door.

Adverbial clauses of time are joined to the main clause by one. of the conjunctions when, while, after, as, before, since, till, until, whenever, as long as, then, as soon as.

(ii) Adverbial Clauses of Place
Look at these clauses :
Wherever you go, wear a helmet.
You should stay where he is.

These clauses are joined to the main clause by means of conjunctions like where, wherever, whether, wherein. .

(iii) Adverbial Clauses of Reason
Look at these sentences :
He can not work hard, because he is weak.
As we can not go tomorrow, we must give up the idea altogether.
Since she says so, I must believe it.
These clauses are introduced by because, as, since, for.

(iv) Adverbial Clauses of Result
Look at these sentences :
He speaks so fast that I cannot follow him.
He is so brave that he is not afraid of any danger.
These clauses are introduced by so, that, so ….. that, such …..that.

(vi) Ahok at the Faller that
(v) Adverbial Clauses of Condition
Look at these sentences :
I shall go if he asks me.
I would not go unless you come with me.
These clauses are introduced by if, unless, provided, that, in case, whether … or, on condition that.

(vi) Adverbial Clause of Comparison
Look at these sentences :
She is not taller than her husband.
He speaks better than he writes.
He is as obstinate as a mule.
He is not so clever as you think.
These clauses are introduced by as …….. , as, not so ……. as, then.

(vii) Adverbial Clauses of Purpose
Look at these sentences :
We eat that we may live.
He ran so that suspicion many not fall on him.
In order that there may be no mistake, I have typed out : the instructions.
These clauses are introduced by these following conjunction forms that, so that, in order that.

(viii) Adverbial Clauses of Manner
Look at these sentences :
Do as I tell you.?
He acts as if he were the Prime Minister.
It looks as though it might rain.
These clauses are introduced by the following conjunctions as, as if, as though.

(ix) Adverbial Clauses of Concession
Look at these sentences :
Although he worked hard, he could not succeed.
Whatever decision is made, the basic facts remain the same.
Though he is poor, he is sincere.
Whether he works or not, he will get a promotion.

This clause is introduced by these conjunctions—though, although, however, whether …. or not, no matter, even if.

EXERCISES
Q.1. Complete the following by adding Noun clauses :
(i) They all said …………………..
(ii) He told me …………………..
(iii) I wonder …………………..
(iv) I do not know …………………..
(v) I cannot understand …………………..
(vi) It is certain …………………..
(vii) You forget …………………..
(viii) Tell me …………………..
(ix) His father was anxious …………………..
(x) He was pleased with
Answer:
(i) that India is great.
(ii) that this news is false.
(iii) why he failed.
(iv) why he will come.
(v) how did you solve it?
(vi) that he would die.
(vii) that you are an Indian
(viii) who is at round.
(ix) for he was declining.
(x) what he had done.

Q. 2. Supply Adjective Clauses :
(i) He is the man …………………..
(ii) The house ………………….. is. hundred years old.
(iii) His offense is one …………………..
(iv) I found the book …………………..;
(v). He met a girl …………………..
(vi) I know the man …………………..
(vii) No man ………………….. shall suffer in any way.
(viii) Where is the book …………………..?
(ix) Any boy ………………….. gained the prize.
(x) I know the place …………………..
Answer:
(i) who has done it?
(ii) which I saw.
(iii) that he applied at last.
(iv) which I lost yesterday.
(v) who has blue eyes.
(vi) who is the Chief of Army.
(vii) who has courage.
(viii) which I bouglic yesterday.
(ix) who had worked hard.
(x) where I was born.

Q. 3. Pick out the adverb clauses in the following sentences:
(i) I do it because I choose to.
(ii) If I make a promise I keep it.
(iii) I shall remain where I am.
(iv) Will you wait till I return?
(v) You may sit whenever you like.
(vi) As he was not there, I spoke to his brother.
(vii) He advanced as far as he dared.
(viii) When I was younger, I thought so.
(ix) If you eat too much you will be ill.
(x) Take a lamp because the night is dark.
Answer:
(i) because I choose to.
(ii) If I make
(iii) where I am.
(iv) till I return.
(v) wherever you like
(vi) As he was not there.
(vii) as far as he dared.
(viii) when I was younger.
(ix) If you eat too much
(x) because the night is dark.

Above provided complete MP Board Solutions 11th English Study guide is useful for making your preparation effective. Students can frequently visit our page to get the latest updates on other subjects study materials.

Students who are studying 11th can get the free Madhya Pradesh Board Solutions for 11th English Unit 4 Report Writing Questions and Answers PDF here. You can download MP Board Class 11th English Solutions Questions and Answers PDF on this page. Practice questions of Mp Board Solutions of 11th English subject as many times as possible to get good marks.

MP Board Class 11th English A Voyage Workbook Solutions Unit 4 Report Writing

Gather chapter wise MP Board Solutions for 11th English Study Material to score the highest marks in the final exam. Various chapters and subtopics are given clearly in MP Board Class 11th English Solutions Unit 4 Report Writing Questions and Answers Material. All the MP Board Solutions for 11th English Questions with detailed answers are provided by subject experts. The step by step MP Board Class 11th English Unit 4 Report Writing Questions and Answers guide will help you to enhance your skills in English subject and A Voyage Workbook Solutions. Here, along with the subject knowledge, A Voyage Workbook Solutions knowledge also plays an important role. So, students should download MP Board Solutions 11th English and read it to attempt all the questions with 100% confidence.

See Workbook Page- 152-153

Exercise

Write formal reports (100 to 150 words) on the themes given below:

1. You are the School Captain. You have been asked by the Principal to write a report on additional facilities required by the students.
Answer:

From: David John
To: The Principal
3 Sep. 2008

Additional facilities required by the students
As I have been asked to submit a report on the additional facilities required by the students. I surveyed and came to the following conclusions.

1. A better Sanitary condition is the first requirement.
2. A big hall for some indoor games is required.
3. Some audio visual aids are required for better education.
4. Transport facility needs to be impured.
5. Security on transport is needed.
6. Excussion tours need to be organised at least two times a year.
   The above points are the prime additional need at this hour.

David John
School captain

Question 2.
You are the Head of the Disaster Management Committee of M.P. Which was affected by flood. The Home Minister has sought a report from you on the extent of damage and loss of life, relief and rescue operations, grant and compensations given to the affected people and financial support needed Tor their rehabilitation from the government. Write a report including all the necessary details.
Answer:
From: Sushma Singh
To: The Home Minister Govt, of India
25 Aug. 2008

Damages caused by flood and relief measures
As I have been asked to submit a detailed report on the damages and loss of life, relief and resume operations grant and compensation given to affected people and financial support needed for their rehabilitation from the govt. I have prepared the following report.
Heavy damages have been caused. A great loss need to be compensated. Relief and other grants are very insufficient villages and local NGO’S are trying their best for rescued operation. People need govt, aid immediately.

Sushma Singh
Head, Disaster Management Committee

Report Writing: Newspaper Reports

See Workbook Page- 155-156

Exercises

Write reports (100 to 150 words) on the themes given below :

Question 1.
Yesterday a fire broke out in the busy Bada Bazaar Area. More than 1,000 shops were gutted. There has been a heavy loss of life and property. As a correspondent of a Local Daily, write a report.
Answer:

Fire Broke Out: Heavy Loss To Life

By Local Correspondent

New Delhi Aug 25. A fire broke up in the wee hours in the busy Bada Bazaar Area. More than 1000 shops were gutted. As it was the busy hours there was a panicky situation. People began running nervously to save themselves. Many fell down and were crushed down. Nearly 50 People were badly injured while 5 died in hospital. Fire brigade reached the spot but it was too late. However, the fire was controlled after the rigorous attempt of three hours. Most of the shops were completely ruined. Property estimated around  5 crore have been burnt and damaged. The businessmen are very upset. It will take a long time to compensate for the loss.

Question 2.
The misuse of water is a concern that affects everyone. Write a report for a Daily Newspaper urging people to stop the misuse and help in conserving water.
Answer:

Conserve Water : Save Life

By Local Correspondent

It has been a shocking fact that the people of this locality are not conscious enough to conserve water. Water is the prime need of our life. As it is a natural resource its availability is limited. People misuse it is washing their vehicles roads. They don’t care to turn off then taps when they are not in use. It is affecting us badly. Govt, supply can’t help us. We’ll have to take use steps. There is a need to be conscitous of our need and nature’s capacity to compensate it. We should find other ways to conserve water. Rain water harvesting, plantation are some of the useful ways to conserve water.

Question 3.
Recently your school organized a ‘book-week’. During this week many competitions were held such as-book reviews, discussions on books, meeting with authors etc. Write a report for your school magazine.
Answer:

Celebration Of Book Week

By Rohit Sharma

Last week our school organised a book week. It was a very purposeful occasion. Collection of rare books was put on dis- /play.’Some comptetions were also organised. Students were very much exited during the discussions if on books and meeting with famous authors who come to grace the occasion.
The Minister for Human Resources was the chief guest while the chairman UGC presided over the function on the closing day. It was grand occasion for the school.

4.2 Diary Entry

See Workbook Page-158

Exercise

Write diary entries on the themes given below :

Question 1.
You discover that Anita, whom you consider a good friend, has been indulging in backbiting against you. Record your feelings in your diary.
Answer:
August 15
Friday
Today I was shocked to know the fact that Anita, my best friend has turned to be my critic. She indulges in backbiting against me. I don’t know why she is doing so. I have always honoured her feelings. I am very close to her. I have always supported her in every situation still she is doing so. I really didn’t believe it when I came to know it. But I later got it confirmed. It has really hurt me and made me very upset. Once I think to ask her what the reason is. It is unbearable for me.

Question 2.
You have just joined a new school in a big city where your father has been transferred. It was difficult for you to leave your friends and shift to a strange place. Make a diary entry after your first day in the new school.
Answer:
August 25
Monday
It was my first day in the Greenfield Public School Bhopal. Recently my father has been transferred here and so I was to join this school. I was very much sad I couldn’t forget my friends at Jabalpur. I had spent four years with them. It is a long time. Some of the boys and teachers there were so special to me that I miss them. It will take time to adjust without them. They all were very helpful and unique for me. I have written letters to them today.

4.3 E-Mail Writing

See Workbook Page-160-161

Exercises

Compose e-mail messages on the following themes :

Question 1.
You are Deepa. Compose an e-mail to your friend Jaya whose address is [email protected], asking her to mail you the pictures she had collected for the science project.
Answer:
To: [email protected] cc :
Subject: Pictures of Science Project.
Hi Jaya
Please send the pictures you have collected for the science project through mail without delay as I need it urgently.
Deepa

Question 2.
You are Managing Director of Agro-Products Ltd. Write an e-mail message wishing Happy Diwali on behalf of your firm, intended to be sent to three of your vice-presidents. (Hint : Write one e-mail address in the ‘To’ box and the other two in the ‘Cc’ box separated by a semicolon.)
Answer:
To: [email protected]
Cc: Vice Presidents
Sub: Diwali greetings
This is to great you all the very very happy and prosperous Diwali.
Managing Director

4.4 Writing Advertisements

See Workbook Page-162

Exercise

Write short advertisements on the topics given below :

Question 1.
You are Anand Singh. You wish to sell your car, Tata Indica 2004 model in good condition. Write a classified advertisement.
Answer:

Question 2.
You are the proprietor of Payal Book Depot. Your firm is celebrating its Silver jubilee. You have decided to put up a week long exhibition-cum-sale at Community Hall Raipur. Compose an attractive display advertisement highlighting the variety of books and the special discounts offered.
Answer:

Question 3.
You are Shalini Khanna. You are going to launch a new toothpaste. Write a display advertisement.
Answer:

Question 4.
DAV School, Narsinghpur needs teachers for Maths, English and Economics. Only experienced and qualified teachers are asked to apply within 15 days. Write a classified advertisement for the posts.
Answer:

 4.5 Paragraph Writing

See Workbook Page-165-166

Exercises

Question 1.
Write a paragraph on the ‘Evils of Gender Discrimination’ in about 100 words. You may use the following suggestions as well as your own ideas :

• male-dominated society-privileges to boys-biased behaviour-evil effects
• curse to society-put an end-measures etc.

Evils Of Gender Discrimination
Answer:
Gender discrimination is an age-old orthodox view of our social system. It has created a very awkward situation in our society. It is very unjust to treat women with so much disgust. They are the pillars of success for a society. They can build a society. If we ignore their contribution we ignore the development of society. This distributing attitude must be abolished otherwise we shall leg behind in the race of globalisation.

Question 2.
Write a paragraph on ‘My Favourite Festival’ in about 100 words. You may use the following suggestions as well as your own ideas :
– Diwali-firecrackers-happy children-sweets-decorate the houses-cleaning the houses-exchange presents-Laxmi Puja- festival of joy-victory of good over evil etc.
Answer:
Diwali is my favourite festival. It is celebrated after the great festival of Durga Puja. It is a festival of light. The goddess Laxmi is worshipped. Children burst firecrackers and eat sweets. Houses are cleaned and decorated. We exchange presents. It is a festival of the victory of good over evil. It is a festival of joy and happiness. It brings wealth and prosperity to all.

Question 3.
Write a paragraph in about 100 words describing ‘A Train Accident’. Mention the following points :
– date-time-venue-impact of the accident-relief measures- probable causes reactions of passengers and Railway Staff etc
Answer:
Last week on 10th of August, 2008 at about 6 AM a train collided with one coming from the opposite direction just a few yards away from the Indore station. The accident was so serious that 5 boggiss of the train deraited. About 100 passengers were seriously injured, 5 died on the spot. The local people come to their rescue and took the injured to hospital. As it was assumed that the accident was the fault of the railway staff on duty. The railway staff became the victim of people’s outrage. However, the situation was controlled with the help of RPF.

Question 4.
Write paragraphs in about 100 words on each of the following topics :
(i). Where there is a will, there is away.
Answer:
‘Where there is a will, there is a way’ is a very old and perfect proverb. It is said in the context that if one has a with one can do anything. Will paves the way for any destination. It leads to success. It gives one determination and confidence. Confidence can win over every impossible target. Hence will is the way that brings success to us. If one has no will one make effort and shall always be idle. He can never get success.

(ii). Wars are no solutions to peace
Answer:
Wars are the worst form of man-made disaster. It always brings- ruin and destruction to life and property. It leads to nowhere but to great devastation. If one thinks to achieve peace through war it is just an illusion. Peace can never be achieved through it because one war gives birth to another. It is an endless process. War leads to war not to peace. Peace is achieved only through peaceful ways.

iii. Importance of sports in education
iv. Save the trees
v. Influence of media on students
vi. Beggary-a nuisance
vii All that glitters is not gold
Answer:
Do yourself in your notebook.

4.6 Letter Writing: Informal Letters

See Workbook Page-170-172

Exercises

Write informal letters on the themes given below :

Question 1.
A friend of yours has been hospitalized because of a fracture while playing football. Write him a letter giving some cheerful news, a promise of an early visit and wishing him a speedy recovery.
Answer:
6/5, Shivaji Enclave Bhopal
My dear Rohit
I was shocked .to know about your accident. I wished to see you come to see myself but I have to appear at an inter exam so I couldn’t came. I wish all my best for your early recovery. You shouldn’t be nervous. One can’t know what the god has for us in this store. I shall come to meet you very soon. I pray to god for your well being.
Yours
Rakesh

Question 2.
Write a letter to your younger sister who has failed in the final examination advising her not to give up hope and to do her best next time.
Answer:
Laxmibai Park
Gwalior
Dear Kusum
I have come to know about your result. You don’t get disheartened. Failures are the pillars of success. It gives a new spirit to start a new; labour hard concentrate yourself upon study, you are sure to get a better result next time. Hope for the best. Chances are bright. It depends upon the man how one takes it or how one avails it. If you have any problem is study inform me. First take up those subjects which are weak.
Hoping for your better future
Yours
Avneet

Question 3.
You have had a quarrel with your best friend and are not on talking terms anymore. Write a letter to your father seeking his advice about how to make up and be friends again.
Answer:
Gandhi Colony
Jabalpur
My dear father
You now Chanden has been my best friend since I joined this school. He has always been so helped and co-operative and loving that I never thought of him other than my own brother. But due to some misunderstanding, we are not on the talking terms and our friendship is broken for some quired him much. I went to pitch it up. but don’t. I misunderstand how. Advise me on how I can do it. I am very upset. The other student ridicule us. please write soon,
yours
Anup

Question 4.
Suppose you have done something against your father’s wishes and desire to be forgiven. Write a letter to your father, asking him to forgive you.
Answer:
Do yourself in your notebook.

Letter Writing : Formal Letters

See Workbook Pase-174-175

Exercises

Question 1.
Write a letter to the Principal of your school requesting him/ her to open a career-counseling centre in the school to help and guide the students in the choice of subjects at + 2 level.
Answer:
To
The Principal
Vivekanand Shiksha Niketan
Jabalpur
25 Aug. 2008.
Sir
With due regards I wish to request you that we need a career councelling centre in our school. As the modern trend in education creates much confusion we feel its need urgently. We can get proper guidence for the choice of subject for our career. I hope you’ll arrange to start it soon.
Thanking you
Your sincerely
Ankur Chandra
Students’ Representative

Question 2.
Write an application to the Principal of your school requesting him/her to issue you a certificate in connection with a; Blood Donation Camp, which you attended.
Answer:
To
The Principal
St Lawrence Convent
Jabalpur
20 Aug. 2008
Sub : Certificate for Blood Donation Camp.
Sir
With due regards, I wish to bring to your notice that I arranged a Blood Donation Camp last week. It was a grand success. It brought many lands to our school. I request you to please issue a certificate in this connection which I will be an added benefit in my career.
Yours faithfully
Rakesh Singh
Students Representative

(II) Job Application

See Workbook Page-177-178

Exercises

Write job applications in response to advertisements as described below. Also, write your resume :

Question 1.
You have seen an advertisement for a salesperson in a fast food restaurant.
Answer:
To
The Manager
Navelty Fast Food Restaurant Gwalior
Date : 28 Sep. 2008
Re : Post of Selesperson
Dear Sir
I have come to know through an advertisement that a post said above is lying vacant under your control. I hereby submit my bio-data for the post. I am confident of serving your job satisfactorily.

Bio-Data
Name : Avinash Chandra
Address : 3/149, Ashok Vihar, Bhopal
Contact No. : 235439/9433259616
E-mail : [email protected]
Date of birth :25 Jan. 1985
Educational Qualification: PG Diploma in Sales Management
Experience: Three years job experience at Hotel Ashoka
Skills: Computer Basics
Language Known: Hindi, English, Marathi, Bengali, Frenchi

Question 2.
You are Pawan. You have done your M.Sc. in Mathematics from Vikram Vishwavidyalaya, Ujjain and have also done your B.Ed. You have seen an advertisement from Maharani Laxmi Bai Senior Secondary School, Rewa in The Hindustan Times asking for Post Graduate teachers.
Answer:
To
The Principal
Maharani Laxmi Bai Senior Secondary School, Rewa
Sub: Post of Postgraduate teachers
Date: August 30, 2008 Dear Sir
In response of your advertisement for the post said above I hereby submit my bio-data. I am confident to prove my ability to the maximum satisfaction of your requirement.

Bio-Data
Name : Sheetal Desai
Address : 14, Cresent Road, Rewa
Contact No. : 9319352526
Date of birth : 25 Dec. 1980
Educational qualification: M.Sc., B.Ed.
Experience : 5 years teaching experience as TGT in DAV Public School.
Skills : Dancing, Singing, Debate
Language known : English, Hindi.
Sheetal
Desal

(iii) Letters Of Complaint

See Workbook Page-181

Exercises

Write letters of complaint on the following themes :

Question 1.
You have ordered some books from Messrs Agni Prakashan. On receipt of the package, you find that the books are not the same as ordered by you.
Answer:
To
The Manager
M/s Agni Prakashan
Indore
Sub : Complaint for wrong order
Dear Sir
This is to bring to your notice that I had placed order for books vide letter No. 25/08 dated 13 Sep. 08. But to my surprise when I received the package I found the books were not the same. I had ordered. Hence I request you to replace their books and supply the exact that I had ordered otherwise refund my advance.
Thanking you.
Yours Sincerely
Prakash Singh

Question 2.
You are Arvind. Every time you stop at the red light crossing you find a number of beggars who swarm around the cars begging for alms. You have also noticed that recently the number of child beggars is increasing. Write a letter to the Editor highlighting the evils of beggary and suggesting some positive measures to check children from begging.
Answer:
To, The Editor
The Times Jabalpur
3 Sep. 2008
Sub: Problems of Beggar in the city
Sir,
This is through your esteemed newspaper that I wish to draw ‘ the attention of the concrened authorities to the grimmest problem of beggar at public places and red light signals. Every day we come across a number of beggars begging at these place. You know they present a very bad picture of our country. The tourists and people from other countries also come to visit our country.
They travel in cities but at red light Signals they see these beggars and get a very poor impression about our country. There beggars also do crimes like snatching, robbery etc. This practice should be controlled. Their rehabititation should be taken with priority. They should be promoted to awk in positive direction. I hope you would highlight this cause of forcefully.
Thanking you.
Yours Sincerely
Arvind Pandey

(iv) Letters Newspapers

See Workbook Page-184

Exercises

Question 1.
Write letters to newspaper editors on the following themes:
You are Varun Rohila. You are quite concerned about the bad condition of roads in your locality. Your letters to the authorities concerned have gone unheeded.
Answer:
To
The Editor
Bhopal Times
Bhopal
Sub: Poor Condition of Roads.
Sir,
Through your esteemed newspaper, I wish to draw attention of the authorities to the poor condition of the roads of Bhopal. It causes many accidents. People had to risk their life while driving along these roads. For a number of time, we sent our complaints to the officials but of no use.
Hence raise our need with strong concern in under to save our life.
Yours Sincerely
Varun Rohila
President, Bhopal citizens forum.

Question 2.
You are Shailja Khakre. In your locality, it is common that certain people pilfer electricity from electric poles by putting wires on the main lines. As a result there are frequent break-downs in the supply of electricity.
Answer:
To
The Editor
The Hindustan Times Gwalior
Sub : Tampering with electric poles.
Sir,
I would like the attention of the concerned authorities to the pilfering electricity from electric poles by some people causing frequent breakdowns in the supply. It is very nuisance. Local police don’t bother for its. Please highlight this cause strongly.
Yours sincerely
Shailja Khakre
Secretary
RWA shineji colony
Gwalior

4.7 Essay Writing

See Workbook Page-186-189

Exercises

A. Write essays (about 300 words) on the following topics. You can use the words/phrases given below as hints:
Answer:
1. A scene of an Accident
an unpleasant event-happens unexpectedly-causes injury-late after-noon-going for tuition-crowded street-lots of traffic-a young boyriding a bicycle-suddenly takes a right turn-car in its own lane- screeching tyres-smell of burning rubber-could not stop in time-boy flung up high in the air-people shrieking-gather around-car sped away- no police in the vicinity-another car stops-a kind elderly man-takes the child to hospital-police arrives-license plate number noted by me- children should be instructed on rules of the road-rash driving punished-social awareness.

No one can say what will happen the next moment. Yesterday I was going to my tuition in the afternoon at about 3 p.m. Road was busy. Suddenly a young by on a bicycle look a right turn. A car was coming at fast speed. It hit the boy and speed away. There was no police in the vicinity. People gathered. The boy was ’ unconscions. He was bleeding. In the meantime another car came and stopped.

There was an elderly kind man in it. He took the child to the hospital. As I had seen the car that hit the boy from a close distance. I noted the number of the car. I reported the police that reached after an hour. The boy was very serious. As I saw it was not the fault of the car driver solely. The boy had turned suddenly at a great speed which caused the accident. I feel the boys should be taught properly how to walk or more along the road. There is a need of social awatenss.

2. Journey to Jupiter’s Moon
Year 2057-India’s first manned flight to Europa, one of Jupiter’s larger moons-scientific research-Europa’s surface consisting of ice sheets-warm ocean of water may be below-possibility of life forms-blast off at midnight-refuelling for the long journey at a permanent space station in our Moon’s orbit-pass by Mars-red planet-human colonies already established-asteroid belt-danger of colliding-Jupiter looms over-gas giant- red spot-landing on Europa-calm but extremely cold-sun, a small bright star-under water exploration-samples collected-excited to find some thing unexpected-safe return-congratulation-government and every Indian. Year 2057 will add a new chapter in the history of India when its first manned flight will land at Europa, one of the Jupiter’s large moons.

Scientific research have confirmed the existence of life including ice sheets warm ocean of water. There would be blast off midnight and refuelling would be done for a long – journey at a permanent space station in our Moon’s orbit. It would pass by Mars-red planet, human colonies which would have already established asteriod belt. But there may be a danger of collision. There would Jupiter looming large over gas giant- red spot landing on Europa. It is a calm but extremely cold- sun, a small bright star.

There would be exploration under water. Samples would be collected. Man would be excited to find something unexpected. He would return to earth safely and will be greated from all over world. The government would appreciate the team with several rewards. It would be a giant leap for mankind.

B. Write an essay about 300 words each on the following topics:
1. A friend in need is a friend indeed
2. All work and no play makes jack a dull boy
3. Choosing the right career
4. Computerization-its advantages and disadvantages
5. It I were a millionare
6. India of my dreams
7. Population explosion
8. Self help is the best help
9. The book I like most
10. Think before you shop
Answer
Do these topics in your notebook.

Above provided complete MP Board Solutions 11th English Study guide is useful for making your preparation effective. Students can frequently visit our page to get the latest updates on other subjects study materials.

Students who are studying 11th can get the free Madhya Pradesh Board Solutions for 11th English Prepositions Questions and Answers PDF here. You can download MP Board Class 11th English Solutions Questions and Answers PDF on this page. Practice questions of Mp Board Solutions of 11th English subject as many times as possible to get good marks.

MP Board Class 11th Special English Grammar Prepositions

Gather chapter wise MP Board Solutions for 11th English Study Material to score the highest marks in the final exam. Various chapters and subtopics are given clearly in MP Board Class 11th English Solutions Prepositions Questions and Answers Material. All the MP Board Solutions for 11th English Questions with detailed answers are provided by subject experts. The step by step MP Board Class 11th English Prepositions Questions and Answers guide will help you to enhance your skills in English subject and grammar. Here, along with the subject knowledge, grammar knowledge also plays an important role. So, students should download MP Board Solutions 11th English and read it to attempt all the questions with 100% confidence.

A preposition is a word used to show the position of one thing in relation to another. Preposition वह शब्द होता है जो एक वस्तु की स्थिति का दूसरी वस्तु के साथ संबंध स्थापित करता है।

There is a book on the table.

Here on tells us the position of the book in relation to the table. When we say, “There is a book under the table’, the position of the book has changed. Thus on and under are prepositions.

Preposition of Time and Date

(a) At is used for:
(i) exact time.
We got up at 6.30 a.m. and had breakfast at eight o’clock.
(ii) festivals which mark a point of time in the year.
My brother came home at Diwali.

(b) On is used :
(i) for day and date.
On Sunday/Monday/Christmas Day, etc.
On 15th August/26th January, etc.
(ii) For a specific part of a specific day.
On the night of Diwali; On the morning of 15th August “, 1947, etc.

(c) In is used :
(i) to show the total length of time for the completion of some activity or action : I can complete the work in two hours.
We shall reach Delhi in three hours.

(ii) to denote a period of time :
in summer; in 1962; in the evening, etc.

(d) By is used to denote the latest time by which something was to be done or will be done :
I can complete this work by 6 p.m.
He will reach home by evening.

(e) For is used for a period of time.
I have been teaching in this college for ten years.

(f) Since is used to denote the point of time from which an action has been continuing.
We have been waiting for you since two p.m.

(g) During is used to express an event that took place, or will take place, within a specified period of time :
The thieves broke into the house during the night.
The sale of milk products is banned during the summer.

(h) From is used for the starting point of action and is generally combined with to/till/until.
I lived in Calcutta from 1985 to 1990.

Preposition of Travel and Movement.

(a) From and To are used to express the starting point and the
last point of destinations, respectively :
He is coming from Delhi and going to Amritsar.
My cousin came from Agra.
We are going to Shimla next week.

(b) By is used to denote the mode of our travelling.
He will go there by bus/car/train/boat/sea/plane air.

(c) On is used for other forms of travel.
He traveled on horseback/foot/a bicycle/a camel.

(d) At is used to denote the reaching the destination or some other point: He arrived at a village in the evening.
Similarly at the hotel, at the theatre, at the station, at the bus stop, etc.

(e) Into is used to denote entering a vehicle :
He got into the bus at the bus stop.

(f) Out/Out of/ Off is used for alighting or dismounting a vehicle :
He got out of the train at New Delhi.
He got off the train and hired a taxi.

Preposition of Place
(a) At is used to denote :
(i) specific or particular places.
(ii) villages or smaller towns.
(iii) hotels.
(iv) addresses.
(v) particular houses.

I met Mohan at the cross-roads. A big fair is held at Pindara every month. During my visit to Mumbai, I stayed at the Taj Hotel. He lives at 280, Urban Estate, Hissar. The Prime Minister of England lives at 10 Downing Street, London.

(b) In is used to denote :
(i) Countries, cities, etc.
(ii) General mention of a house, village, etc.
(iii) Name of streets.
One of my cousins lives in America.
She lives in a big house.
Mohan does not like to live in America.
She lives in Hanuman Street.

(c) On is used to denote open spaces.
He works on a rubber plantation.
A coolie works on a platform.

Uses of Some Other Important Prepositions :

(a) Between is used for two things/persons.
Among is used for more than two things/persons.
He divided his property between his two sons.
Sweets were distributed among laborers on the completion of the house.

(b) In is used for position, whereas into is used with a verb, of motion to indicate entrance :
Mohan is in the room. Sita is going into the room.

(c) Beside and Besides :
Beside means ‘near’ or at the side of
Besides means ‘as well as’ or ‘in addition to’ :
The queen was sitting beside the king.
Besides having a big house, he has a lot of land also.

(d) On time is used when something happens at exact time :
The train left the station on time.
In time is used for an action which takes place when there is still time.
He reached the college in time, (before the college started).

(e) Above/Over means ‘higher than’ :
We saw a plane above/over us.
Below/under means ‘lower than:
Standing on the top of the hill we saw a beautiful valley below us.

Uses of Some Important Prepositions

1. Agree with (किसी व्यक्ति से सहमत होना) I agree with you.
2. Agree to (किसी बात, सुझाव आदि से सहमत होना) I agree to your proposal.
3. Act upon (या on) (अमल करना) I acted on my father’s advice.
4. Angry with ( किसी व्यक्ति से नाराज होना) He is angry with me.
5. Angry at (की बात पर नाराज होना). He is angry at your behaviour.
6. Aim at (i) (निशाना लगाना) Shyam aimed at the bird.
(ii) (लक्ष्य होना) He has aimed at becoming a doctor.
7. Accuse of (का इल्जाम लगाना) He was accused of cheating his friend.
8. Apply to (किसी को प्रार्थना-पत्र देना) He has applied to the officer for leave.
9. Apply for (किसी चीज के लिए प्रार्थना-पत्र देना) I have applied for the post of a clerk.
10. Attend to (ध्यान देना) Please attend to the lecture.
11. Abstain from (परहेज करना) You should abstain from smoking,
12. Abound in (प्रचुर मात्रा में होना) This pond abounds in fish.
13. Acquit of (बरी कर देना) The judge acquitted him of the crime.
14. Amazed at (हैरान होना) I was amazed at his. progress.
15. Ashamed of (शर्मसार होना) He was ashamed of his conduct and did not meet me.
16. Beg for (गिड़गिड़ाना, भीख माँगना) The criminal begged for mercy.
17. Benefit from (से फायदा उठाना) He has benefitted from the new scheme.
18. Believe in (में विस्वास करना) He does not believe in God.
19. Base on (पर आधारित करना या होना) This film is based on a famous novel.
20. Blind to (अनदेखा करना) You are blind to the faults of your brother.

21. Boast of (डाग मरना) He always boasts of his wealth.
22. Born in (जन्म होना) He was born in a rich family.
23. Blame for (दोष देना) He blamed me for his failure.
24. Backward in (किसी चीज से पिछड़े होना) This area is backward in education.
25. Belong to (से संबंध स्थापित रखना) This house belongs to Mohan.
26. Care for (परवाह करना) I do not care for Mohan.
27. Care about (देखभाल करना) You should take care about your health.
28. Charged with (दलजम लगाना) He was charged with murdering a man.
29. Cry for (किसी बात के लिए रोना या चिल्लाना) He is crying for his lost wealth.
30. Complain of (शिकायत करना) He complained of low pressure of water.
31. Compromise with (समझोता करना) He compromised with me and settled the matter.
32. Capable of (समर्थ होना) He is capable of doing great work.
33. Cure of (इलाज करना) The doctor cured me of cold.
34. Cure for (का इलाज) What is the cure for cold?
35. Careful of (जागरूक करना, सावधान करना) He is careful of his health.
36. Deal in (व्यापर करना) He deals in cloth.
37. Deal with (व्यवहार करना) You must deal with others politely.
38. Depend on (पर निर्भर होना) He depends on his father för all his needs.
39. Die of (किसी बीमारी से मरना) He died of cancer.
40. Die from (कुछ करने से मरना) He died from over eating.

41. Die for (किसी उदेश्य के लिए करना) He died for his country.
42. Different from (से भिना) This book is different from your book.
43. Exception to (अपवाद होना). There is exception to every rule.
44. Escape from (बच निकलना) He escaped from jail.
45. Enquire into (धनबिन करना) The police enquired into the matter.
46. Equal to (के बराबर) The weight of this packet is equal to the weight of that packet.
47. Faithful to (के प्रति वफादार होना) Ram is faithful to his master.
48. Full of (से भरा होना) I found a purse full of money.
49. Fond of (शैवकिन होना) I am fond of apples.
50. Fire at (किसी पर गोली चलना) The soldiers fired at the enemy.
51. Feed on (पर चलना) The cow feeds on grass.
52. Good at (किसी काम में निपुण होना) He is good at English.
53. Good for (उपयोगी होना) Playing is good for health.
54. Gaze at (ध्यान से देखना) He was gazing at the flower.
55. Guilty of (का दोषी होना) He is guilty of breaking the law.
56. Grateful to (कृतज्ञ होना) Mohan is grateful to Ram for helping him.
57. Hope for (आशा करना) He hopes for the best.
58. Hopeful of (का आशावान होना) He is hopeful of getting the last division.
59. Hungry for (भूखा होना, तीव्र लालसा होना) He is hungry for love.
60. Hint at (इशारा करना) He hinted at the new plan.

61. Hinder from (रोकना) The storm hindered me from reaching the city
62. Ill with (से ग्रस्त) He is ill with fever.
63. Interfere in (देखल देना) He interfered in my work,
64. Interested in (में रुचि होना) I am interested in stamp collecting.
65. Insist on (पर जोर देना) He insisted on going to Rewari.
66. Inferior to (से धटिया) This chair is inferior to that.
67. Junior to (से कनिष्ट) Mohan is junior to Sohan.
68. Jeer at (मजाक उड़ाना) The crowd jeered at the player.
69. Jealous of (ईर्ष्या करना) Radha is jealous of her sister.
70. Knock at (खटखटाना) He knocked at the door for some time.
71. Key to (कूँजी होना) Hard work is the key to success.
72. Laugh at (पर हँसना) The boys are laughing at the beggar.
73. Loyal to (वफादार होना) We should be loyal to the country.
74. Lead to ( की ओर जाना) This road leads to Ambala.
75. Liking for (रुचि होना) I have a liking for cricket.
76. Made of (का बना होना) This table is made of wood.
77. Mix with (से मिलना, संगती करना) You should not mix with bad boys.
78. Meddle with (दखाल देना) Pakistan is meddling with our affairs.
79. In need of (आवश्यकता होना) I am in need of money.
80. Pleased with (प्रसन होना) He is pleased with my work

81. Prefer to (प्राथमिकता देना) I prefer tea to coffee..
82. Popular with (प्रसिद्ध) Mohan is popular with his friends.
83. Prevent from (रोकना) He prevented me from going to Hissar.
84. Protect from (रक्षा करना) Woollen clothes protect us from cold.
85. Quarrel with (किसी व्यक्ति से झगड़ा करना) He quarrelled with me.
86. Quarrel over (किसी बात पर झगड़ना) He quarrelled over a pen.
87. Recover from (ठीक होना) He has recovered from illness.
88. Remind of (याद दिलाना) He reminded me of his application..
89. Rebel against (विद्रोह करना) People rebelled against the cruel king. : :
90. Rule over (शासन करना) Akbar ruled over India for a long time.
91. Repent of (पछताना) He repented of his misdeeds.
92. Send for (बुला भेजना) They sent for the doctor.
93. Search for (तलाश करना) The police is searching for the thief.
94. Similar to (के सामान) This shirt is similar to that.
95. Short of (कमी होना) At present I am short of money.
96. Sorry for (अफसोस होना) I am sorry for troubling you.
97. Surrendered to (आत्म समर्पण करना) The enemy surrendered to our army.
98. Slow at (धीमे होना) He is slow at learning English.
99. Succeed in (सफल होना) Mohan succeeded in getting Ist division.
100. Stare at (घूर – घूर कर देखना) The old man stared at me for a long time.

101. Speak to ( से बात करना) I spoke to him about it.
102. Tired of (तंग आ जाना) I am tired of waiting,
103. Think of (विचार करना) What do you think of this plan?
104. True to (पालन करना) You should be true to your word.
105. Talk about (बात करना) Everybody is talking about the new film.
106. Threaten to (घमकी देना) The terrorist threatened to blow up the plane,
107. Trust in (विशवास करना) We should have trust in God.
108. Taste for (रुचि होना) She has no taste for painting.
109. Useful to (व्यक्ति के लिए लाभदायक) This book is useful to me.
110. Useful for (किसी काम के लिए लाभदायक) This machine is useful for cleaning the wells.
111. Vain of (घमंडी होना) He is vain of his wealth.
112. Wait for (प्रतीक्षा करना) He is waiting for the bus.
113. Weep for (के लिए रोना) The brothers wept for their lost .: wealth.
114. Wish for (कामना करना) He wished for good weather.
115. Wonder at (हौरान होना) He wondered at the skill of that man.
116. Weary of (टंगा आ जाना) I am weary of listening to him.
117. Warn against/of (चेतावनी देना) The government warned the terrorists of serious results.
118. Worthy of (के योग्य) He is worthy of respect.
119. Weak in (में कमजोर) She is weak in Mathematics.
120. Write to (को लिखना) I have written to him about my plan.
121. Worry about (चिंता करना) He worried about the success of his son.
122. Witness of (गवाह होना) He is the witness of the whole scene. .
123. Yield to (हार मानना) The enemy yielded to uş.
124. Zeal for (जोश होना) He showed a great zeal for the party.

EXERCISE 1
Fill in the blanks, with suitable prepositions ;
1. He started going …………………………. school …………………………. the age of five. So now he’s been …………………………. school for ten years. He’s leaving …………………………. the end of this year.
2. He goes …………………………. his office every day except Sunday. On Sundays, he stays …………………………. home and works …………………………. the garden.
3. Don’t leave your luggage …………………………. the corridor. It’ll be …………………………. everyone’s way. Bring it …………………………. the compartment and put it …………………………. the rack.
4. He Is …………………………. his desk all day …………………………. his head …………………………. his hands.
5. …………………………. mistake I opened Mary’s letter instead of…………………………. my own. She was very angry …………………………. me.
6. I buy a newspaper …………………………. my way …………………………. the station and read it …………………………. the train. By the time I get …………………………. London I’ve read most …………………………. it.
7. He was charged …………………………. driving while the influence …………………………. alcohol. 1
8. People who drop litter …………………………. the pavements are liable …………………………. a fine …………………………. :
9. He accused me …………………………. selling secret information …………………………. the enemy.
10. You look worried, Are you …………………………. some sort …………………………. trouble? Yes, …………………………. a way. I’m …………………………. debt and my creditors want to be paid soon.
Answer:
1. to, at, at, at
2. to, at, in
3. in, in, into, on
4. at, with, in
5. By, of, with
6. on, to, in, to, of
7. with, under, of
8. on, to, of
9. of, to
10. in, of, in under.

Exercise 2
Fill in the blanks with suitable prepositions :
1. Much Ado About Nothing is …………………………. Shakespeare, and you’ll find more …………………………. his plays …………………………. the …………………………. bookcase …………………………. that corner.
2. As the child was too young to travel …………………………. herself, they arranged …………………………. her to travel …………………………. the guard’s van …………………………. the care …………………………. the guard,
3. Have you heard …………………………. John …………………………. his return? Yes, I had a letter …………………………. Monday. He’s thinking …………………………. going back …………………………. America.
4. He was ill …………………………. a week and …………………………. that week his wife’ never left his side.
5. Aren’t you coming …………………………. us. No, I’m waiting-Suresh.
6. I’m very sorry …………………………. þeing late. It was good …………………………. you to wait …………………………. me.
7. Passengers may leave bulky articles …………………………. the stairs …………………………. the conductor’s permission.
8. Remember to be …………………………. good time …………………………. the opera.
9. I want two seats …………………………. Romeo and Juliet …………………………. Friday night.
10. …………………………. spite …………………………. the heat he refused to take …………………………., his coat.
Answer:
1. by, of, in, in
2. by, for, in, under, of
3. from, since, on, of, to
4. for, during
5. with, for
6. for, of, for
7. under, with
8. in, for
9. for, for
10. In, of, off.

Exercise 3
Insert a preposition, where necessary. Choosing from the following: at, by, for, in, of, on, past, till/until, to, with.
1. He asked …………………………. his father …………………………. money.
2. They paid …………………………. me …………………………. the books.
3. I thought he would offer …………………………. Ann the job, but he offered it …………………………. me.
4. Keep …………………………. me a place, and keep a place …………………………. Ann too.
5. They showed …………………………. us photographs …………………………. their baby.
6. Buying presents …………………………. children is sometimes very difficult …………………………. the end I bought a kite …………………………. Tom and a torch …………………………. Ann.
7. Pass the salt …………………………. your father, Peter, and pass …………………………. me the pepper, please.
8. When you have lunch …………………………. a restaurant, who pays …………………………. the bill? On, each …………………………. us pays …………………………. what he has had.
9. Paul’s pianist. He sometimes plays …………………………. us …………………………. the evening. Last night he played some Chopin.
10. I think I’ll be able to find …………………………. Ann a job. Could you find a job …………………………. me, too?
11. He sold the picture …………………………. an American dealer …………………………. $5,000.
12. He promised …………………………. us a share …………………………. the profits.
Answer:
1. x, for
2. x, to
3. x, to
4. x, for
5. x, of
6. for, in, for, for
7. to, x.
8.at, x; of, for
9. to, in
10. x, for
11. to, for
12. x, in.

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MP Board Class 11th Special English Grammar Narration

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किसी व्यक्ति की कही हुई बात को हम दो प्रकार से लिखते हैं :
1. कहने वाले के मूल शब्दों में लिखना। इसे Direct Speech कहते हैं। ये शब्द सदैव Inverted Commas “…” में बन्द रहते हैं।

जैसे-
Ram says, “I am going.”

2. कहने वाले की बात को अपने शब्दों में लिखना। इसे Indirect Speech कहते हैं। इसमें Reporting verb का Comma तथा Inverted Commas “…” का लोप कर दिया जाता है।
जैसे-
Ram syas that he is going.

Two Parts of Direct Speeches

1. Inverted commas से पूर्व वाला भाग जिससे वाक्य को आरम्भ करते हैं, इसे Reporting verb कहते हैं। जैसे उपर्युक्त उदाहरण में Ram says Reporting verb हैं।
2. Inverted Commas के अन्दर लिखा हुआ कथन Reported Speech कहलाता है। जैसे उपर्युक्त भाग में “I am going” Reported Speech हैं। Direct से Indirect बनाते समय Personal Pronouns का परिवर्तन :

नियम-Reported Speech में प्रयोग किए गए First Person-I, my, me, we, us, our Pronouns hat Reporting Verb में Subject Person के अनुसार बदल दते हैं। जैसे
Direct : The teacher says, ” I am writing a letter.”
Indirect : The teacher says that he is writing a letter.

उपर्युक्त वाक्य में वक्ता teacher है, जिसने अपने लिए ‘I’ का प्रयोग किया है। Indirect Speech में teacher के third Person के अनुसार subject बदल कर he हो गया है।

नियम-Reported Speech के Second Person के Pronouns-You, Your, Reporting Verb के Object के Person के अनुसार बदल जाते हैं

जैसे-
Direct : You said to me, “You are an honest man.”
Indirect : You told me that I was an honest man.
Direct : He said to him, “You have helped me.
Indirect : He told him that he had helped him.”
Direct : He said, “You never Helped me.”
Indirect : He said that he never helped him.
Direct : I said to you, “You are ill.”
Indirect : I told you that you were ill.
Direct : I said to him, “You killed a snake.”
Indirect : I told him that he had killed a snake.

Rule.
Indirect Speech में बदलते समय Third Person के Pronouns में कोई परिवर्तन नहीं होता। जैसे-

Direct : he said, “He will go there.”
Indirect : He said that he would go there.
Direct : He said, ” They will go there.”
Indirect : He said that they would go there.

Change of Tenses

Rule.
यदि Reporting Verb भूतकाल में हो तो Reported Speech की क्रिया नीचे लिखे नियमानुसार बदल जाती है :
Go, goes – is changed into went
has or have – is changed into was, were
has or have – is changed into had
has been or have been going is changed into has been going went – had gone
was or were going – is changed into had been going
will or shall – is changed into would or should
can – is changed into could
may – is changed into might
has and had – is changed into had
was and were – is changed into had been

Change of Tenses

Assertive Sentences
Rule.
यदि Reporting Verb Present या Future Tense में हो, तो Reported Speech के Verb का Tense नहीं बदलता।

Examples :
1. Direct : The boy says, “I am playing.”
Indirect : The boy says that he is playing.

2. Direct : Sita will say, “I write a letter.”
Indirect : Sita will say that she writes a letter.

3. Direct : The boy said, “I write a letter.”
Indirect : The boy said that he wrote a letter.

4. Direct : Hari said, ” I am playing.”
Indirect : Hari said that he was playing.

5. Direct : The servant said, ” I have swept the room.”
Indirect : The servant said that he had swept the room.

6. Direct : The boy said, “We have been playing for two hours.”
Indirect : The boy said that they had been playing for two hours.

7. Direct : The tailor said, “I pressed the clothes.”
Indirect : The tailor said that he had pressed the clothes.

8. Direct : My mother said, “I was cooking food.”
Indirect : My mother said that she had been cooking food.

Change of Auxiliary verbs

Rule.
यदि Reporting Verb में Auxiliary Verbs आए हैं, तो उनका परिवर्तन निम्न प्रकार से होगा।
Is, am, are – का was, were हो जायेगाI
Has. have – का had हो जायेगा
Dos, does – का did हो जायेगा
Will, shall – का would, should हो जायेगाI
Can, may – का Could, might हो जायेगाI

Examples :
Direct : The boy said, “I am a good student.”
Indirect : The boy said that he was a good student.
Direct : Sita said, “I have a nen.”
Indirect : Sita said that she had a pen.
Direct : He said, “I do not go.”
Indirect : He said, “I cannot go there.
Direct : I said to him. “I shall teach you.”
Indirect : I told him that I should (would) teach him.

Exerxise
Convert the following sentences into Indirect Speech:
1. ‘I say, ” I do my work daily.”
2. Hari says, ” I am working hard for the examination.”
3. You say, “I know Ravi and his father.”
4. Gopal said, “I have done my work.”
5. She said, “I cannot learn the lesson so soon.”
6. Anil said, “I daily get up at four in the morning.”
7. My mother said to me, “I am cooking food for you.”
8. These boys said, “We have been playing since morning.”
9. Vinod said, “My brother plays cricket.”
10. The naughty girl said, “I have plucked flowers.”

Interrogative Sentences

Rule.
Rule. जब प्रश्नवाचक वाकयों को Direct से Indirect में बदलते हैं, तो निम्नलिखित परिवर्तन किया जाता है :
1. Reporting Verb say अथवा tell को asked में बदल दिया जाताहै।
2. यदि प्रश्नवाचक वाकय where , why, what, which, when, who आदि में से किसी एक से आरम्भ होता है, तो that या if का प्रयोग नहीं किया जाता।
3. यदि वाक्य is, am, are, have, has, had, was, were, will, shall अथवा किसी अन्य. सहायक क्रिया ‘से आरम्भ होता है, तो Indirect Speech में if का प्रयोग किया जाता है।

Example:
A. Direct : He said to the beggar, “What do you want?”
Indirect : He asked the beggar what he wanted:
Direct: The teacher said to Mohan, “Why are you late for shcool today?”
Indirect : The teacher equired of Mohan why he was late for the school that day.

B. Direct: I said to him, “Is your father at home?”
Indirect : I asked him if his father was at home.
Direct: The teacher said, “Hari did you bathe this morn ing?”
Indirect : The teacher inquired of Hari if he has bathed that moring.
Direct : Harbans said to you, “Will you accompany me to Simla tomorrw?”
Indirect : Harbans asked you whether you would accompany him to Simla next day.

Exercise
Change the following sentences into Indirect Speech :
1. You said to him, “What can I do for you?”
2. She said to Bimla, “Which school do you attend?”
3. I said to Hari, “How many boys are there in your class?”
4. He said to his friend, “When shall I can on you again?”
5. He said to me, “Where shall I wait for you?”
6. Sohan said to Mohan, ‘Do you play foot-ball daily?”
7. The teacher said to the girl, “Have you done your home work?”
8. She said to Bimla, “Does this book belong to you?”
9. He said to me, “Are you on speaking terms with your neighbour?”
10. Satish said, “Father, may I go to the picture today?”.

Imperative Sentences

Rule.
Imperative sentences में आदेश, आज्ञा, शिक्षा तथा प्रार्थना पाई जाती है, ऐसे वाक्यों को Indirect में बदलते समय Said to के स्थान पर ordered, advised, requested, proposed, forbade आदि शब्द लगाओ।
Rule. That को प्रयोग मत करो।
Rule. Verb के पूर्व To लगाओ। “Do not” को “not to” में बदल दो।

Examples :
Direct : The teacher said to Balbir, “Look at the black-board.”
Indirect : The teacher asked Balbir to look at the black-board.
Direct : He said to the servant, “Light the lamp atonce.”
Indirect :, He ordered the servant to light the lamp atonce.
Direct ; The general said to his men, “Stand at ease.”
Indirect : The general ordered his men, “Stand at ease,
Direct : He said to me, “Give me your knife.”
Indirect : He requested me to give him my knife.
Direct : I said to him, “Please wait here for me till I return.”
Indirect : I requested him to wait there for me till I returend.
Direct: She said to her maid-servant, “Let the beggar come in.”
Indirect : She ordered her maid-servant to let the beggar come in.”
Direct: He said to him companion, “Let me go on with my work, please.”
Indirect : He requested his companions to let him go with his work.
Direct : He said, “Let us go out for a walk.”
Indirect : He proposed that they should go out for a walk.

EXERCISE
Change the following sentences into Indirect Speech :
1.’I said to Raj, “Show me your new book.
2. The teacher said to the boys, “Sit down and revise your lesson.”
3. The fox said to the crow, “Please sing me a song.”
4. He said to you, “Do attend my marriage.”
5. Father said to me, “Respect your elders.”
6. I said to him, “Be quiet and listen to me.” (Use ‘urge’)
7. “Don’t do that again, or you will get into troubles,” said the old lady.
8. I said to my cousin, “Let us set out for Shimla tomorrow.”
9. Surender said, “Let us set out for Shimla tomorrow.”
10. Guru said to his disciples, “Do not mix with liars.”

Optative and Exclamatory Sentences Rule.

Rule. (i) Optative sentences में Reporting Verb के स्थान पर exclaimed with joy, sorrow, surprise आदि का प्रयोग किया जाता है (ii) Optative Sentences में Reportin Verb के स्थान पर pray, wish आदि शब्दों का प्रयोग किया जाता है

Examples :
Direct : She said, “May you live long, my daughter!”
Indirect : She wished that her daughter might live long.
Direct : He said to me, “May God bless you with a son!”
Indirect : He wished that God might bless me with a son.
Direct: Sohan said, “O that I were a rich man’s son.”
Indirect : Sohan wislied that he were a rich man’s son.
Direct : Jagjit said, “What a terrible storm it is!”
Indirect : Jagjit exclaimed that it was a very terrible storm.
Direct: I said, “How fat he is!”
Indirect : I exclaimed that he was very fat.
Direct: “Hurrah! We are winning!” shouted the boys.
Indirect : The boys exclaimed with joy that they were winning.
Direct : Balbir said, “Alas! All my friends have deserted me.”
Indirect : Balbir exclaimed with sorrow that all his friends had deserted him.
Direct : Bimla said, “Alas! How foolish I have been!”
Indirect : Bimla confessed with regret that she had been very foolish.
Direct: The Inspector said, “Bravo! Well played, Raj.”
Indirect : The Inspector applauded (or praised) Raj, saying that he had played well.
Direct: “Good night to you all,” said Harnam.
Indirect : Harnam wished them all good night.

EXERCISE
Change the following sentences into Indirect Speech :
1. They said to me, “May you be happy!”
2. I said to him, “May God help you in his matter!”.
3. They said, “How sweetly the Cuckoo sings!”
4. He said to me, “May you succeed!”
5. She said, “Hurrah! I have won a prize in a lottery.”
6. You said, “Hurrah! I have won a prize in a lottery.”
7. Hari cried, “O that I were dead!”
8. He said, “Als! What a loos I have suffered!”
9. The man said, “What a fool I have been.”
10. He said, “Bravo ! Well done, Ramu.”

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MP Board Class 11th English A Voyage Workbook Solutions Unit 3 Reading

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3.1 Passages-1

See Workbook Page-119

Exercises

Read the following passages carefully and answer the question given below each passage :

A. Answer these questions :

1. Why did the man wander all over the world?
   Man wandered all over the world in search of riches.
2. What and where did he find what he wanted?
   He found precious stones in the backyerd of his house.
3. What principle should one follow to maintain peace of mind? To maintain peace of mind those must be minimum distance between one another to avoid provocation and yet not so much distance as to experience a feeling a cold isolation.
4. List the best things of life which are free.
   Beauties of nature and of the animal kingdom sunrise and sunset and some of the best things of life which are free.
5. Give a suitable, title to the above passage.
   Life’s Glory

B. (i) Pick out the words from the passage that mean the same as :

• unimportant vain
• unreasonable dislikes or preferences for a person-or a group prejudice
• rewards bounties
• rich affluent

(ii) Fill in the blanks with suitable words :

• For peace of mind it is necessary to be physically mentally and spiritually well tuned.
• Petty irritations, prejudices and ideas should not’dog the mind.

Passage 2

See Workbook Page-120-121

An Answer these questions :

1. Why did India lose her glory?
   The never-ending onslaught of invasions and infishting led India lose her glory.
2. How has the country been transformed during the last 50 years?
   The country has been transformed from being servivors to thought leaders.
3. What kind of growth does the author envisage for the country?
   The author envisages the balanced inclusive growth rather than a skewed development.
4. What are our policy makers emphasizing on for economic growth?
   Our policy makes are emphasizing agriculture and rural development along side information technology and biotechnology and other high tech sectors.
5. What is needed to sustain growth in the economy? Generating knowledge and managing it effectively is needed to sustain growth in the economy.
6. Why does the author say “Economic development by itself means’ nothing”?
   Because more than that India needs to invest and commit to social responsibility and cultural development which will contribute to a larger picture.
7. What is meant by “surviving community” in the passage? It means the people of India.
8. Give a suitable title to the passage.
   India and its prospects.

(B) Find out words or phrases in the passage which mean :

• Development directed towards a particular group in a way that may. not be fair Skewed
• Making use of an opportunity to get an advantage for oneself Survive
• Start to do something new or difficult Embark
• Provide enough of what is needed to survive or exist contribute

Passage-3

See Workbook Page-122-123

A. Give brief answers to the following questions :

1. What should be the relationship between means and end? Means justifies the end.
2. What is the secret of success?
   The secret of success in to pay much attention to the means as _ to the end.
3. Who is more blessed, the giver or the receiver or both? Both are equally blessed.
4. Why should we be thankful to God?
   Because we have been allowed to exercise our power of benevolence and mercy in the world and thus become pure and perfect.
5. What is the ultimate result of all actions?
   Finally truth presents over falsehood and good prevails over evil.
6. What is the ideal condition of human life?
   Doing good or being good is the ideal condition of human life.
7. Who can serve humanity in the best possible manner? One who works is a selfless manner without notice or desire for name fame or wealth can serve humanity in the best possible manner.
8. How would you characterize a great man if he makes ’sacrifices for his own good?
   He is a selfish and mean fellow.
9. What is the impact of the great deeds performed by great men?
   Mankind gets benefited from it.
10. Give a suitable title to the above passage.
    Virtue of humanity.

B. i. Make sentences with the following words in the context of their meaning in the passage :
Means, end, key, blessed, renounce Means-He has no proper means to live a happy life. End-The end of an evil way is always tragic. Key-Honesty is the key feature of his personality. Blessed-God has blessed us with all super characteristics. Renounce-We must renounce the good virtues.

ii. Locate the synonyms of the following words in the passage :
Kindnesses, untruth, accepted, recollect, recipient, incidents Benevolence, foul, adopted, Senitinze, Benefited, Events.

iii. Locate the antonyms of the followings words in the passage:
evil, failures, malevolence, locally, forget, Good, Rewards, Benevolence, universally withhold.

iv. Find the odd words in the following groups of words:

• success, achievement, acquisition, rspkmgj turmoil
• means, resources, income unwell
• doing, performing, pcj vgle argle relaxing
• own, jgcl private, personal alien.

Passage-4

See Workbook Page-124-125

A. Answer these question :

1. How did the young girl react to the admiration of the relatives? She become even more boastful.
2. How did the young girl’s heart differ from that of the woman?
   The young girl’s heart was pretty but not a beautiful one as that of the woman.
3. Why did the old woman say that the young girl’s heart was pretty but not beautiful?
   The old woman said this because she had sacrificed her life for others.
4. What did the open wounds on the old woman’s heart signify? The open wounds signified that people couldn’t give her a piece ‘ of their heart in return of her sacrifice.
5. How did the girl make her own heart beautiful?
   She cut a piece of her heart and filled up one of the empty spaces of the old woman’s heart.

B. Give one word each for the following from the passage.

1. The feeling of liking or loving admiring
2. To change the shape, appearance or sound distort
3. The act of giving up sacrifice
4. To keep a pleasant feeling in mind for a long time memoir.
5. Become aware of a fact or situation realize

C. Complete the following forms :

Passage-5

See Workbook Page -126 -127

A. Answer the Questions :

1. Why does the author call India as “many countries rolled into one?”
Because it provides an infinite variety in every sphere of life.
2. What, according to the author, is the serious problem India is facing at present?
The division of people on the lines of caste and religion and popula¬tion explosion are the serious problems India is facing at present.
3. What stimulates thinkers and sociologists to write about India? The contrasts, contradictions, and ironies in Indian society stimulate them to write about India.
4. Our young men and women writers are moving to western countries because-

• They find those countries interesting.
• They find better prospects there.
• They find a lot of subjects to write there.
• They don’t want to stay in India.

5. What sort of India does the author dream of?
He dreams of a casteless secular society and adequate space for trees to flourish.
6. What made India less clean after seventies?
The implanned industrialization and continuous discharge of wastes in the rivers have made India less deam after serventies.
7. What attracted Western philosopheres to India?
The intellectual atmosphere of India had attracted philsophers to India. They came here in search of spiritual knowledged.
8. What, according to the author, is the most striking feature of India?
Its warmth and fellow feeling that people have for one another Is, the most striking feature of India.
9. Give a suitable title to the passage.
India’s Glory,

B. Find out the words in the passage, which mean the following:

1. Left in its original condition pristine
2. A description that makes something larger, better, worse or more important than it really is exaggeration
3. An aggressive and unreasonable belief that your caste or religion is better than others mind-blowing
4. Make somebody interested and excited about something fascinate

Passage-6

See Workbook Page-128-129

A. Encircle the correct spellings of the following words :

1. advicor, advisar, advisir, btgqcp
2. dmpk jjw. formelly, formaly, farmally
3. pleij, njcbec. plej, plege
4. setilite, satelite, q rcjjgrc satilite

B. Fill in the blanks with one word each :

1. Dr. Kalam taught Just for a year at Annamalai University.
2. The largest gathering Dr.Kalam addressed was 50,000 students in Adichunchanagiri, Karnataka.
3. Dr. Kalam has set out with the task of Teaching with a million students.
4. Dr. Kalam especially interacts with students belonging to the underprivileged sections of the society.
5. Dr. Kalam makes children pledge to achieve global peace.
6. ‘Penguin India’ says that Dr. Kalam’s books are runaway bestsellers.
7. Dr. Kalam wants that the textbooks should be relevant to the 21st century.
8. Dr. Kalam sharply focuses on the utility of education and its developmental values.
9. The translations of Dr. Kalam’s books in regional languages .have brisk sales.
10. Dr. Kalam’s gift to Africa was a satellite, which would link 53 countries and provide distance education.

C. Find the words for the following meanings in the text :

1. to communicate with somebody while you work interact
2. to give attention to one particular subject focus
3. an important moral, social or political idea target
4. a serious promise pledge
5. usefulness utility

D. On the basis of your reading the passage answer the following questions :

1. What task did Dr. Kalam take-up after his retirement as Chief Scientific Adviser to the government of India?
   Dr. Kalam took up the task of interesting with a millions of students.
2. Students from which sections of the society does Dr. Kalam especially address?
   Dr. Kalam especially addresses the students from under priviledges sections of the society.
3. What is the ambition towards which Dr. Kalam wants students to work?
   Dr. Kalam wants student to work towards the ambition to achieve glabol peace.
4. Who does Dr. Kalam admire as a universal teacher?
   Dr. Kalam admires St. Augustine as a universal teacher.
5. What is the opinion of Penguin India about Dr. Kalam’s books?
   Penguin India says that Dr. Kalam’s books are runaway bestsellers.
6. What does Dr. Kalam expect from educationists, Principals . and teachers?
   Dr. Kalam expects from them to produce books relevant to 21st- century to reach to the poor in slums and to adopt modern technology to teach children
7. What was the purpose of gifting a satellite to Africa? The purpose was to link 53 countries and provide distance education.
8. Give a suitable title to the passage.
   Dr. Kalam : A visionary Man.

Passage-7

See Workbook Page-131-132

A. On the basis of your reading the passage answer the following:

1. Which is the most important aspect of our constitution? Secularism is the most important aspect of our constitution.
2. What, according to the author, is secularism?
   Secularism, as per the author is the belief that one’s religion should not intrude in matters which are public or political unit.
3. How is equality spelt out in our constitution?
   In our country everyone enjoys the same equal constitutional right and privilege despite any difference of class, caste, religion or anything else.
4. How can we achieve the objective of a secular state?
   We ought to have secular spirit and secular outlook in order to promote secularism
5. What, according to the author, is true religion?
   True religion is that when you are dealing with public affairs with civic matters and with questions of policy, your approach should be as an Indian and not as a member of a particular community.
6. Why did the author’s friend say “there were so few Indians in this country?
   Because he was too harsh in his criticism.

B. Look for words or phrases in the test which are similar in meaning to the expressions given below :

1. an area of a city where many people of the same race or religion liVe, separately from the rest of the population ghettos
2. not connected with spiritual or religious matters secular
3. connected with the people living in towns or cities intimate
4. without considering some or being influenced by it irrespective.

Passage-8

See Workbook Fase-133-134

A. On the basis of your reading the passage, answer the following questions:

1. What did the man, carrying the cattle, expect to get by sacrificing the cattle?
   The man would be blessed with a sqn by sacrificing the cattle.
2. Who was the man to question the man,taking the cattle to sacrifice?
   Swami Dayanand was the man to question the man taking the cattle to sacrifice.
3. What did Swami Dayanand begin after acquiring the knowledge contained in the Vedas?
   Swarjti Dayanand began his erusade against-those who were fooling the illiterate masses in the name of religion, What was the orthodox view regarding the study of the Vedas ’ before Swami
4. Dayanand discovered the knowledge of Vedas? The orthodox view was that the study of the vedas by women and the debts was not allowed.
5. What was the condition of women before Swami Dayanad revealed the true knowledge of the Vedas?
   The condition of women was deplorable. They were not given any right to education or public life.

B. Given below are the meanings of some words in the text. Find those words.

1. to forbid or prevent prohibit.
2. in the way of a straight line passing through a circle diamerically.
3. exceeding bad deplorable.
4. fundamental truth or personal code of conduct Scriptures
5. to go beyond the range of human experience transcend
6. lofty or noble tutelage
7. following the tradition in the matters of life, religion and morals crusade.
8. religious songs in praise of God hymns.

C. Say whether the following statements are true or false :

1. Dayanand Saraswati invented the Vedas. false
2. The guru of the man, carrying the cattle, was a scholar of
   the Vedas. false
3. Dayanand Saraswati taught Vedas to Swami Virjanand. false
4. The Vedas prohibit their study to women and dalits. false
5. The Vedas permit equal status to all irrespective of caste, faith or geography. True

Passage-9

See Workbook Page-135-136

A. On the basis of your reading the passage, answer the following questions :

1. When were the first modern Olympic Games held.?
   The first modern Olympic games were held 15,000 years ago.
2. Who pioneered the idea of modem Olympic Games?
   Baron Pierrede coubertin pioneered the idea of modern Olympic Games.
3. Who was persuaded to fund first modem Olympic Games? George Averoff a wealthy Greek philanthropist was persuaded to fund it.
4. Which stadium was repaired to host the first Onympic Games? What was its capacity?
   The Pan-Athenaic stadium of Herodis was repaired to host the first Olympic games. Its capacity was 70,000 spectators.
5. When did Greece become independent from Turkey? Greece become independent from Tukey on April 16, 1822.
6. How many nations particpated in the first modern Olympic Games?
   13 nations particpated in the first modern Olympic games.
7. Where and when was a congress of nations convened to organize the first modern Olympics?
   A congress of nations was convened in 1894 at sorbanne is paris to organize the first modern Olympics.
8. Why did the first modern Olympic Games have periods of sheer farce.?
   Because theme was no considesable achievenment now were the participants well equipped.

B. Look for the words or phrases in the text, similar in meaning to the expressions given below :

1. an event so badly organized that it becomes ridiculous force
2. the fact of being more interested in money than in the quality of things dapper
3. a person who takes part in sports or other activities for enjoyment, not as a job or career amateur
4. a date that is exact number of years after the date of an important event anniversary

Match the words in column A with their meanings in column B as used in the text.

Column A – Column B

1. epic – (a) currency of Greece
2. commemorative – (b) a Sunday in March/April when Christians remember the death of Christ and his return to life.
3. track – (c) honouring an important person or remembering an event in the past
4. Drachmas – (d) very great and impressive
5. Easter – (e) a piece of ground with a special surface for running.
6. Philanthropist – (f) a rich person who helps’ by donating money.

Answer :
1 (c), 2. (d), 3. (e), 4. (a) 5. (b), 6. (f)

Passage-10

See Workbook Page-137

A. On the basis of your reading the passage answer these questions :

1. How did Vishwanath Dutt provide for his family? Vishwanath Dutt commanded a very good practice and prodigally spent all that he earned to surround his wife and children with every kind of comfort and luxury.
2. What qualities does the author attribute to Swami Vivekanand as a child?
   Swami Vivekanand was extremely naughty child yet very loving and devoted.
3. Give some examples to prove that Narendranath was generous. Narendranath gave whatever he had be it a dhotitor a gold ornament-to wandering Sadhus.
4. What was Narendranath’s favourite pastime in this childhood?
   Narendranath’s favourite pastime was to worship the clay images of Rama and Krishna, Shiva and Kali.
5. Which God did he like in the beginning? Which God became his favourite later on and why?
   In the beginning Rama was his favourite but later he was replaced by Shiva.
6. Which sentence in the passage proves that Narendranath believed in palmistry?
   Narendranath used to ask his friends “See this line of my palm”

B. Find out the words in the passage which have the following meanings :

1. extravagantly – prodigally
2. feeling of ease – comfort
3. of religious worship – ascetic
4. God or Goddess – deify
5. a thing experienced in mind and not in reality – imagination

C. Say whether the following statements are true or false :

1. Swami Vivekanand’s father was not a rich man. – false
2. Narendranath was headstrong in his childhood. – false
3. He disliked sadhus. – false
4. He was extremely generous. – true

3.2 Poems-1

Read the poems given below and answer the questions:

A. Answer these Questions

1. What lines in the poem show the poet’s sensitiveness towards the feeling of frogs?
   The Lines are—”Be kind and tender to the frog”/”No animal will more repay”
2. Pick four names from the poem that describe the frog and write the explanation pointing out why the poet says that we should not call the frog by these names.
   The names are “Slimy Skin”, “Polly wog”, “ugly James”, “gap a grin “, The poet says so because there names show insensitiveness and harshness.
3. Why does the poet say that the frog will repay more than any other animal and how does he do this?
   Because he finds the frog justly sensitive.
4. According to the poet what type of people are extremely rare? The people who keep a frog are extremely rare.
5. What qualities of frogs are most appealing to you and why? Write at least two.
   Its colour and its jump appeal me for they are very funny but attractive.

B. Use the Following expression in sentences of your own:

1. be kind We should be kind to all animals.
2. tended have a tender feeling for small birds.
3. justly sensitive He is justly sensitive to dogs.
4. kind and fair Be kind and fair in your treatment with animals.

Poem 2

See Workbook Page-140-141

A. On the basis of your reading the poem answer these question

1. In the first stanza of the poem there are two asides. What do they refer to?
   They refer to a garden full of flowers and a mango tree laden with richness of fruit. One dry out before they bloom while the other were eaten up by parasite long ago.
2. The poet describes flowers is the first two stanzas. Write about the flower mentioned there in. Why does the poet refer to them as ‘crossbred sweetpeas’ and ‘grafted roses’? The flowers dry up before they bloom. They cluster together patches of colours splashed all over, They are crossbred sweetpeas and grafted roses.
3. What does the poet say about the fruit tree?
   The bark of the mango tree is peeled. One a few remain. Sun shines through the Layers of the tree.
4. What are the things that the poet can see from his backyard window?
   The poet can see a garden of flowers and a mango tree laden with fruits.

B. Explain the following two expressions:

1. man made fetters on God made land fetters are men made artificial while land is god gifted man makes alterations
2. The temptation of killing time in sight seeing.
   As nature has provided a lot of beautiful sights for us to enjoy we can’t resist our temptation for sight seeing.

C. Note the use of words.’web’ and ‘water’ as verbs in the following lines:
‘Spider web over thorny bushes’ ‘who waters it all’
Now write sentences using following words as verbs and nouns: people, dust, stare, gutter

1. People (V) The auditorium was peopled by men from all over the world.
   People (N) We are proud to be people of India
2. Dust : (V) Dusting is necessary once a week.
   Dust : (N) Dust is the main course of allergy in big cities.
3. Stare (V) Don’t stare at me like this.
   Stare (N): His stare was very ferocious.
4. Gutter : (N) He has guttered all his old works.
   gutter : (N) most of the gutter are open in our town.

D. Write the central idea of the poem.
there the pot focuses on the ways how and what god has given to us and what do we do with them, man distorts the gifts of god, his own self. It makes the world troublesome

Poem 3

See Workbook Page-142-143

A. On the basis for your reading the poem answer the questions given below:

1. Who is “We” referred to in the first line of the poem? “We” refer to the palanquin bearers.
2. What is ‘palanquin’ compared to in the poem? Find at least four comparisons (Similies).
   Palanquin is compared with foam of stream, laughs from the lips of a dream a pearl on an string, brow of the tide.
3. The poetess says ‘ in the wind of our songs’ Here ‘winds’ and ‘song’ are compared without using the word like. Find four such expressions form the poem. Other such expressions are on the foam of a stream, the lips of a dream, in the dew of our song, on the brow of the tide.
4. Question No. 2 and 3 are based on two figures of speech Simile and Metaphor. Read the explanation for these and write two examples of each one.
   Simile: He fights like a tiger. I was hanging like a swing.
   Metaphor: He was a ball of fire with anger, our soldiers where hunger lions is the battlefield.

B. Use the following words in sentences of your own to bring out their meaning as used in the poem.
sway, skim, float, glide, hang, spring

1. Sway—My kite swayed in the air.
2. Skim—She skimmed in her bed.
3. Float—My boat was floating on water.
4. Glide—He won a medal for gliding.
5. Hang—Don’t hang like this on this beam.
6. Spring—The baby was springing on the bed of foam.

Poem 4

See Workbook Page-145

A. Now on the basis of your reading the poem answer the questions:

1. What are the cloths of heaven referred to by the poet? The night and light and the half light are referred to as the cloths of heaven.
2. What does golden and silver light refer to?
   The golden and silver light refers the bright and dim light.
3. Why does the poet think that he is poor?
   Because he has no such cloths.
4. Why does the poet say ‘tread softly on’.?
   Because dreams are extremely tender.
5. What do you think are the poets dreams?
   The poets dreams are his wishes to comfort his beloved.

B. (i) Write sentences using the following words.
enwrought His clothes are enronght. with lightened pearls, enrich He was enriched by some hidden treasures, enthrall I was enthralled by my sons success, encourage Encourage your child always. engulf Our city was engulfed by a sudden flood, encircle The is always encircled by his psychophants.

(ii)find out the difference in the meaning of these pairs of words and use them in separate sentences:

• cloths/clothes
• breath/breathe
• teeth/teethe

1. cloths—These cloths are sold 50 Rs per metre.
clothes—My clothes are dirty now.
2. Breath—Hold yours breath for a few seconds.
Breathe—Now breathe easy.
3. Teeth—My front teeth were damaged.
Teethe—Teethe them out.

Poem 5

See Workbook Page-146-147

A. Now on the basis of your reading the poem answer the question that follow:

1. What ‘baby show’ is the poet referring to?
   ‘Baby show’ refers to the kittens of a cat.
2. How is the fall to leaves described?
   Withered leaves fall one by one from the old lofty fifty tree.
3. Write out the stages of die kitten’s movement as described by the poet. The cat crouches, stretches and paws and darts. It attacks is prey like a tiger. I work hard. It shout and stare. It is playful and enjoys all happiness.

B. (i) Explain the following expressions in your own words.

• Tiger leap tiger leap indicates the cat’s attack on its prey like a tiger.
• Indian conjuror It indicates the India labour
• feats of Art variety of action.
• standers-by one who works
• Withered leaves the leaves that are faded anyway.

(ii) For which words does the poet use the phrases given below and why?
lofty elder, calm and frost, bright and fair.

• lofty elder — trees,
• calm and first — air
• bright and fair — morning

Poem 6

See Workbook Page-148-149

A. One the basis of your reading the poem, answer the questions given below:
(a) Why does the poet call the poem ‘encroachment’?
Because sprig, twigs and eggs are spread inside his mailbox a bird has occupied it. So it is a case encroachment.
(b) Why does the bird encroach the mailbox?
Because its is not in regular case. Its is an abandoned place.
(c) Does the poet think that human beings are responsible for this encroachment? Support your answer by quoting the relevant lines from the poem.
A nos one drops or sends any message from anywhere to the poet the poet feels them responsible for this encroachment. The line is messages and letters from now where.
(i) The following words have been used as verbs by the poet. They can be used as nouns also, use them in sentences of your own as nouns.

• nest The bird has built nest in my courtyard.
• balance try to maintain a balance between your income and expenditure.
• wreck This wreck did our ship to an unknown island.
• nail His nails are very dirty.
• head he has a head injury.
• encounter A dreaded animal” was killed in this encounter.

(ii) Choose the words from the poem that match with the.meanings given below:
search for groping graceless incongnious.
vague Clumsy displeasure Annoyed

(iii) The poet says ‘balancing in its yellow beak’. The word yellow describes the word beak. Can you find some more phrases like this from the poem, incongnious nest, Slender sticks, heavy showers escaped prosecution, slow prosecution.

C. Read the poem and fill in the gaps to bring out the central idea of the poem.
Answer:
The poet was groping in the mailbox. He found some sprig twigs and eggs. He was annoyed at this and cleared it all. Later in the day there was a maina in the garden and the poet saw the bird trying to rebuild the nest. This conveyed’ the message that we have encroached the habital of birds leaving for them to nest except in wooden mailboxes.

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