These MP Board Class 11th Biology Notes for Chapter 14 Respiration in Plants help students to get a brief overview of all the concepts.
MP Board Class 11th Biology Notes Chapter 14 Respiration in Plants
→ Anaerobic respiration takes place in the absence of O2 and yields only 2 ATP molecules.
→ The conversion of ADP into ATP is known as phosphorylation.
→ During day time when photosynthesis as well as respiration processes occurs together, more quantity of CO2 is produced, i.e., rate of respiration increases and becomes fast. This respiration is induced by light or photosynthesis process. This is called photorespiration Photorespiration occurs due to formation of some substances by oxidation in the chloroplast or peroxisome.
→ Aerobic respiration takes place in the presence of O2 and oxidises food into CO2 and H2O. One molecule of glucose yields 38 ATP molecules in prokaryotic cells while in eukaryotic cells 2 ATP molecules are used up to transport NADH2 produced during glycolysis process into the mitochondria, thus in eukaryotic cells only 36 molecules of ATP are obtained from one molecule of glucose during aerobic respiration.
→ Cytochromes are a group of complex types of molecules which have got the ability to undergo reversible oxidation involving a change in the valency of iron.
→ Decarboxylation is the removal of CO2 from a compound.
→ Dehydrogenation is the removal of hydrogen from a compound.
→ Respiratory quotient (R.Q.) is the ratio of CO2 given out and O2 used up during respiration in a unit time.
R.Q = \(\frac{\mathrm{CO}_{2} \text { evolved during respiration }}{\mathrm{O}_{2} \text { used up during respiration }}\)
→ NADHP2 is Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide dihydrogen phosphate.
→ In cellular respiration proteins and fats do not undergo glycolysis. They are hydrolysed into acetyl COA and enter the Krebs cycle directly.
→ Pasteur effect: Reduction in amount of breakdown of respiratory substrate and evolution of CO2 when an anaerobically respiring material is brought in O2 containing environment.
→ Cytochrome a3 has both iron and copper.
→ Aerobic oxidation of one sucrose molecule produces 76 ATP molecules.
→ Energy transducers : Cell organelles which convert one form of energy into another. e.g., chloroplast and mitochondria.
→ Respirometer is an instrument for measuring rate of respiration and respiratory quotient.