MP Board Class 11th Biology Important Questions Chapter 3 Plant Kingdom

Students get through the MP Board Class 11th Biology Important Questions Chapter 3 Plant Kingdom which are most likely to be asked in the exam.

MP Board Class 11th Biology Important Questions Chapter 3 Plant Kingdom

Plant Kingdom Class 11 Important Questions Very Short Answer Type

Question 1.
Draw a well labelled diagram of the Archegonia of Moss plant.
Answer:
Archegonia of Moss : (Female reproductive organ)

Question 2.
What do you understand by protonema?
Answer:
Juvenile forms (Protonema) :
It is a green branched filamentous structure. From green aerial filaments produced some branches which grows below substratum and are without chloroplasts are known as rhizoidal branches. They penetrate the soil and help in absorption of water and minerals. Several buds develops on protonema and each bud develops into leafy gametophore.

Question 3.
What do you understand by Mycorrhiza?
Answer:
It is a type of symbiotic association which is found in Pinus plant in between roots and fungi in which on outer side of root safety shell is present. Fungus absorbs water, mineral and protein for plants and in return from plants, it gets nutrition.

Question 4.
What do you understand by Apospory?
Answer:
Sometime the cells of sparophytes get separated from mother plant and fall on soil, where they germinate and form protonema. Sometime on top of protonema a leafy gametophore is formed from which a new plant is formed in which all the cells have double characters. Thus the protonema formed from the cell of sporophyte without division gametophyte develops. This is known as Apospory.

Question 5.
What do you understand by sulphur shower?
Answer:
At maturity, the microsporophylls separate and spread apart. The sporangia dehisce by longitudinal slit and shed large quantities of pollen grains. Since pollen grains flow in colour and are discharged in such a large number that their shedding is referred to as sulphur shower.

Question 6.
Give economic importance of Brown algae.
Answer:

• It is food for Japanese.
• More than 30% of dry weight of brown algae is KCl (Potassium chloride).
• Vitamin B, acetic acid and iodine are obtained from brown algae.
• Alginic acid obtained from sea kelps are used as thickeners in making ice-cream, cosmetics and in textile industries.

Question 7.
Name the algae from which agar-agar is obtained.
Answer:
Agar-agar is obtained from Grasillaria and Galidum.

Question 8.
Why Spirogyra is called as Pond silk?
Answer:
Pectin layer present outer to the cellulose cell wall of Spirogyra dissolves in water to form a mucilaginous sheath. Thus Spirogyra became slippery, after drying looks like a silk thread, that is why it is called as pond silk.

Question 9.
Name two algae used as food.
Answer:

1. Laminaria,
2. Porphyra.

Question 10.
Name the algae which causes rust of tea disease.
Answer:
Cephalurous algae.

Question 11.
Who is regarded as ‘Father of Indian Phycology’ in India?
Answer:
Indian scientist M.O.P. Iyengar is regarded as Father of Indian Phycology.

Question 12.
What is thallus?
Answer:
Plant which cannot be differentiated into root, stem and leaves are called as thallus.

Question 13.
Which terrestrial plants are primitive?
Answer:
Terrestrial plants of pteridophyta are primitive.

Question 14.
In which part of the fern plant sporangium is found ?
Answer:
In the sporophyll part of the leaves of fem plant sporangiums are found.

Question 15.
Give two fern like characteristics of Cycas plant of gymnosperm.
Answer:

1. Both are vascular plants,
2. Main plant is sporophytic.

Question 16.
Name the plant which produces largest flower.
Answer:
Rafflesia plant produces largest flower.

Question 17.
Give three examples of gymnosperms found in India.
Answer:

1. Pinus,
2. Cycas,
3. Cedrus deodara.

Question 18.
Give two important features of Angiosperms.
Answer:

1. They are flowering plants,
2. Seeds are formed within the fruit.

Question 19.
Give two medicinal importance of algae.
Answer:

• Vitamin B is obtained from Laminaria,
• Iodine is obtained from Kelps.

Plant Kingdom Class 11 Important Questions Short Answer Type

Question 1.
Where and when reduction division occurs in liverwort, moss, fern, gymnosperms and angiosperms? (NCERT)
Answer:
In liverwort, moss, fem and gymnosperms reduction division occurs in the spore mother cell to produce haploid spores.
In Angiosperms reduction division occurs during formation of pollen grains in the pollen sac of the stamen and during formation of embryo sac in the ovule of carpel.

Question 2.
Give ploidy of following :

1. Protonemal cell of Moss,
2. Nucleus of primary endosperm of Moss,
3. cells of leaves of Moss,
4. cells of Fern prothallus,
5. Gemma cells of Marchantia,
6. Meriste- matic cell of monocot plant,
7. Ovum of Liverwort,
8. Zygote of Fern. (NCERT)

Answer:

1. Protonemal cell of Moss – Haploid
2. Nucleus of primary endosperm of Moss – Triploid
3. Cells of leaves of Moss – Diploid
4. Cells of Fem prothallus – Haploid
5. Gemma cells of Marchantia – Haploid
6. Meristematic cell of monocot plant – Diploid
7. Ovum of Liverwort – Haploid
8. Zygote of Fem – Diploid.

Question 3.
Both Gymnosperms and Angiosperms produce seeds, inspite of that they are classified into different groups, why? (NCERT)
Answer:
Both Gymnosperms and Angiosperms produces seeds, inspite of that they are classified into different groups because seeds of gymnosperm are naked whereas seeds of angiosperms are formed within the fruit.

Question 4.
Draw a well-labelled diagram of moss capsule showing internal structure.
Answer:

Question 5.
What is Heterospory? Write a note on it and give two examples.
Answer:
Heterospory : Formation of two different types of spores, such as small microspores and large megaspores is called as Heterospory.
First of all heterospory was observed in Selaginella. It is also observed in Salvinia.
Megaspore (female) and microspore (male) develop to produce female and male gametophytes respectively.
Female gametophyte remains attached to sporophytic plant to fulfil its requirement.

Question 6.
Write economic importance of algae and gymnosperms.
Answer:
Economic importance of algae :
(A) Economic importance of Red algae :

• Agar : Agar is obtained from Gelidium and Gracilaria, which is mainly used in production of medium for culturing bacteria.
• Agar is used as laxative factor to prepare medicine.
• Some species of red algae are used in preparation of pudding, ice-cream, cheese, salad decoration etc.
• Irish agar obtained from Chondrus crispes, is used in preparation of chocolate.

(B) Economic importance of Brown algae :

• It is food for Japanese.
• More than 30% of dry weight of brown algae is KCl (Potassium chloride).
• Vitamin B, acetic acid and iodine are obtained from brown algae.
• Alginic acid obtained from sea kelps are used as thickeners in making ice-cream, cosmetics and in textile industries.

(C) Economic importance of Gymnosperms :

• It provides timber wood and firewood.
• Some plants are used as ornamental plants, such as Cycas, Pinus etc.
• Sago is obtained from Cycas.
• Many medicines are obtained from different species of gymnosperms, such as ephedrine medicine is obtained from Ephedra species.
• From some species of gymnosperms edible oil is obtained.
• Leaves of Cycas are used in making broom and rope.
• Some conifers are used in making paper.

Question 7.
Write four characteristics of Chlorophyta.
Answer:
Characteristics of Chlorophyta :

1. Photosynthetic pigment in green algae are chlorophyll-a, chlorophyll-b, β -carotene and Xanthophyll.
2. Cell wall is made up of cellulose.
3. Ciliated Zoospores are formed which are motile.
4. Stored food is starch.
5. Sexual reproduction ranges from isogamy to oogamy. e.g., Spirogyra, Ulothrix, Sargassum etc.

Question 8.
Give important characteristics of Angiosperms.
Answer:
Characteristics of Angiosperms :

• Plant body is differentiated into root, stem and leaves.
• Reproductive organs are flower having four whorls : Calyx, corolla, androecium and gynoecium.
• Ovules are covered within ovary.
• The ovary ripe into fruit which contains seeds.
• Vascular bundles are well developed.
• Double fertilization occurs in them.
• They may be parasitic (e.g., Cuscuta), Saprophytic (e.g., Orobanche), epiphytic (e.g., Orchid), insectivorous (e.g., Nepenthes) and antotrophic.
• They are well adapted for their environment. e.g., Mango, rose, wheat, rice etc.

Question 9.
Give important characteristics of Bryophyta.
Answer:
Characteristics of Bryophyta :

• Main plant is gametophytic.
• There is complete absence of true root, stem and leaves.
• Plant body is bilaterally symmetrical, branched and leaf like which bears Rhizoids on the ventral surface. They contain chlorophyll.
• They are non-vascular amphibian plants.
• Sporophyte partly depends on gametophyte.
• Reproductive organs are multicellular and found surrounded by jacket layer. Water is required for fertilization.
• They shows alternation of generation. e.g., Funaria, Riccia, Marchantia etc.

Question 10.
Write similarities between Gymnosperms and Angiosperms.
Answer:
Similarities between Gymnosperms and Angiosperms :

• Both are perennial plants.
• Both produces special reproductive organs.
• In both, main plant is sporophytic.
• In both, gametophyte depend on sporophyte.
• Both produces seeds.
• In both, ovules develop to form seeds.
• Both shows alternation of generation.

Plant Kingdom Class 11 Important Questions Long Answer Type

Question 1.
Name three groups of plants in which Archegonium is found. Describe Life cycle of any one of them. (NCERT)
Answer:
In following three groups of plants Archegonium is found :

1. Bryophyta,
2. Pterydophyta,
3. Gymnosperms.

Life Cycle of Bryophyta (Funaria):
In the life history of mosses two generations viz, gametophyte and sporophyte are found which regularly alternate with each other. The dominant phase is represented by the gametophyte which is haploid (n) and it reproduces sexually by the fusion of gametes (antherozoids and ovum) give rise to the sporophyte which is diploid structure (2n). Meiotic division takes place in the capsule of sporophyte during sporogenesis to form spores. These spores germinate to producer new gametophyte.

Question 2.
Write differences between Gymnosperms and Angiosperms.
Answer:
Differences between Gymnosperms and Angiosperms

Gymnosperms	Angiosperms
1. These are naked seeded plants.	These are closed seed plants.
2. Reproductive organs of gymnosperms are found in cone form.	Reproductive organs of angiosperms are found in flower form.
3. These are generally unisexual.	They may be unisexual or bisexual type.
4. These are adapted for xerophytic life, mesophytic or aquatic life.	They may be adapted for xerophytic,
5. In gymnosperms, xylem is devoid of vessel and phloem that of companion cell.	These structures are found in angiosperms.

Question 3.
Write differences between Pteridophytes and Bryophytes.
Answer:
Differences between Pteridophytes and Bryophytes

Pteridophytes	Bryophytes
1. They are vascular, terrestrial plants.	They are non vascular and amphibian in nature.
2. Plant body is differentiated into root, stem and leaves.	Their body is not differentiated into root, stem and leaves.
3. Plant body is sporophytic and diploid.	Plant body is gametophytic and haploid.
4. Both stages are generally independent and autotrophic. In some members sporophyte partially depends upon gametophyte.	Sporophyte depends upon gametophyte.
5. Spores are formed in sporangium found on leaves.	Spores are formed in capsule.

Question 4.
Explain following terms with example:
(i) Protonema,
(ii) Antheridium,
(iii) Archegonium,
(iv) Dipiontic,
(v) Sporophyll,
(vi) Isogamy. (NCERT)
Answer:
(i) Protonema :
It is the first stage of life cycle of Moss (Funaria). It is formed by germination of haploid spore. Protonema is multicellular, branched structure which contain chlorophyll, thus are autotrophs.

(ii) Antheridium:
Male reproductive organ of Bryophyta and Pterydophyta are called as Antheridium. It produces biflagellate spermatozoids or antherozoids.

(iii) Archegonium :
Female reproductive organ of Bryophyta and Pterydophyta are called as Archegonium. It is multicellular flask shaped structured, which produces haploid
egg.

(iv) Dipiontic :
In this mode of reproduction and life cycle, adults have diploid set (2x) of chromosome. During sexual reproduction (2x) individuals produces haploid (x) gametes by meiosis cell division which fuses to form diploid zygote (2x). This diploid zygote grows to form adult.
e.g., Life cycle of Saccharomycod.es ludurigii.

(v) Sporophyll:
In Pterydophytes leaves on which sporangium are formed called as Sporophyll. e.g., Fern.

(vi) Isogamy :
Similar gametes which fuses together to form zygote are called as Isogamy. e.g., Chlamydomonas.

Question 5.
Write differences between Monocot and Dicot plant.
Answer:
Differences between Monocot and Dicot Plant

Parts of plant	Monocot Plant	Dicot Plant
1. Root	Adventitious (fibrous) roots are found in them. Number of vascular bundles are more than 6 in their roots.	Tap roots are found in them Number of vascular bundles are 2-6 in their roots.
2. Stem	Vascular bundles are scattered in their stem. Cambium is not found in them. Secondary growth is absent.	Vascular bundles are arranged in ring in their stem. Cambium is found in them.Secondary growth is found.
3. Leaf	Isobilateral leaves are found. Parallel venation is found in them.	Dorsiventral leaves are found in them. Reticulate venation is found in them.
4. Flower	Floral parts are trimerous or in multiple of three.	Floral parts are tetra or pentamerous.
5. Seed	Seeds are with one cotyledon.	Seeds are with two cotyledons.

Question 6.
Differentiate following :
(i) Red algae and Brown algae,
(ii) Liverwort and Moss,
(iii) Heterosporous and Homosporous pteridophytes,
(iv) Syngamy and Triple fusion, stem and leaves.

(i) Red algae and Brown algae :
Red alage:

• They are red in colour due to presence of pigments called phycobillins mainly phycocyanin and phycoerythrin.
• There is complete absence of motile stages in life.
• Stored food is floridian starch.
• Cell wall consists of cellulose pectic compounds and mucopolysaccharides.
• Sexual reproduction is Oogamous type.
  e.g., Porphyra, chordrus.

Brown algae :

• They are brown coloured due to presence of xanthophyll, fucoxanthin. In addition to this accessory pigments are chl-a, chl-c, β and C carotene are also found.
• Flagellate Zoospores are formed during reproduction which are motile.
• Stored food is manitol, laminarin and lipid.
• Cell wall is double layered. Inner layer consists of cellulose and outer layer is a gelatenous substance known as phycocolloids, alginic acid.
• Sexual reproduction varies from isogamy, anisogamy to oogamy.
  e.g., Laminaria, Macrocystis, Sargassum.

(ii) Liverwort and Moss :

• Rhizoid of liverwort is non-septate whereas Rhizoids of moss is septate.
• Gametophyte of liverwort is thallus flat leaf like whereas moss gametophyte is differentiated into rhizoid, stem and leaf like structure.
• Leaves of liverwort are not arranged in spiral way whereas leaves of moss are spirally arranged.
• lators are found in liverwort for dispersal of spores whereas elators are not found in moss.
• Liverwort belongs to group Hepaticeae whereas moss belongs to group Musci.

(iii) Heterosporous and Homosporous pteridophytes:
Heterosporous pteridophytes produces two types of spores Megaspores and microspores such as Selaginella, whereas Homosporous pteridophytes produces all similar sized spores such as Lycopodium.

(iv) Syngamy and Triple fusion :
In Angiosperms, process of fusion of first male gamete with haploid egg to produce a diploid zygote is called as Syngamy. Zygote develops to form embryo, whereas fusion of secondary nuclei and second male gamete to produce a triploid body is called as Triple fusion. Triploid body develops to produce endosperm.

Question 7.
Write important characteristics of gymnosperms.
Answer:
Characteristic features of Gymnosperms:

• Plants are perennial, woody trees or shrubs and xerophytic in nature.
• This subdivision includes vascular, naked seed plants.
• Plants are sporophytic which are differentiated into root, stem and leaves.
• Vascular bundle consists of xylem and phloem but the xylem is devoid of vessels and phloem that of companion cells.
• Reproductive parts borne in the form of cones or strobilus.
• Male cone contains several microsporophylls with microsporangia on their undersurface. Female cone contains many megasporophylls with one to several naked ovules.
• Inside the microsporangia microspores or pollen grains are formed by meiosis division of special cells, which germinate to produce male gametes.
• Female gametophyte develops inside the ovule and contains two or more arche-gonia at the anterior end.
• Pollination is anemophilous (wind pollinated).
• Pollen grain germinates to form pollen tube on female cone after pollination and produces male gametes which fuses with female gamete to form zygote. Embryo develops from zygote and ovule along with embryo forms seed, which germinate to form new plant.
• Secondary growth is present.
• Usually polyembryony is found in seed.
• Archegonia lack neck canal cells.
• Embryo bears two or more cotyledons.

Plant Kingdom Class 11 Important Questions Objective Type

1. Choose the correct answers:

Question 1.
Dominant stage of bryophytes is :
(a) Haploid
(b) Diploid
(c) Both are similar
(d) None of these.
Answer:
(a) Haploid

Question 2.
Zoospores are formed from :
(a) Asexual reproduction
(b) Sexual reproduction
(c) Amitotic division
(d) Mitosis.
Answer:
(a) Asexual reproduction

Question 3.
In the life history of Spirogyra, meiosis takes place during :
(a) The formation of gametes
(b) The formation of zoospores
(c) The germination of zygote
(d) The formation of zygote.
Answer:
(c) The germination of zygote

Question 4.
Habitat of mosses is :
(a) Dry place
(b) Fresh water
(c) Non-salty water
(d) Moist and shadow places.
Answer:
(d) Moist and shadow places.

Question 5.
Sperms of moss is:
(a) Uniflagellate
(b) Biflagellate
(c) Multiflagellate
(d) Non-motile.
Answer:
(b) Biflagellate

Question 6.
Mosses are found in moist and shadowy places because of the :
(a) Absence of vascular tissue
(b) Requirement of water for fertilization
(c) Absorption of water through general body surface
(d) All of these.
Answer:
(c) Absorption of water through general body surface

Question 7.
Female reproductive organ of Funaria is known as :
(a) Sporangium
(b) Spermatium
(c) Archegonia
(d) Sporophyll.
Answer:
(c) Archegonia

Question 8.
Sperms reach archegonia through :
(a) Air
(b) Water
(c) Animals
(d) Insects.
Answer:
(b) Water

Question 9.
Mosses will not be larger because of the :
(a) Absence of vascular tissue
(b) Presence of vascular tissue
(c) Absence of flower
(d) Absence of seeds.
Answer:
(a) Absence of vascular tissue

Question 10.
Fern prothallus is :
(a) Haploid
(b) Diploid
(c) Triploid
(d) Sporophyte.
Answer:
(a) Haploid

Question 11.
Shape of the prothallus is :
(a) Rounded
(b) Elongated
(c) Heart like
(d) Polygonal.
Answer:
(c) Heart like

Question 12.
Ferns are highly developed than mosses because of the :
(a) Presence of vascular tissue
(b) Dominance of sporophyte
(c) Root, stem and leaves are well developed
(d) All of these.
Answer:
(d) All of these.

Question 13.
Prothallus is:
(a) An independent structure
(b) A dependent structure
(c) Depend on gametophyte
(d) Depend on sporophyte.
Answer:
(a) An independent structure

Question 14.
In Spirogyra :
(a) Sexual reproduction between two adjacent cells
(b) Variable biflagellate antheridium and oogonium
(c) Sexual reproduction between various substances of a cell.
(d) Only sexual reproduction.
Answer:
(a) Sexual reproduction between two adjacent cells

Question 15.
Funaria possessing :
(a) Unicellular simple rhizoids
(b) Tuberculated rhizoids
(c) Differentially branched rhizoids
(d) Multicellular oblique rhizoids.
Answer:
(a) Unicellular simple rhizoids

Question 16.
Number of peristome teeth in the capsule of Funaria is :
(a) 4 in one ring
(b) 32 in two rings
(c) 16 in one ring
(d) 16 in two rings.
Answer:
(b) 32 in two rings

Question 17.
Type of gametes fused during sexual reproduction in Spirogyra is :
(a) Two identical motile gametes
(b) Two identical non-motile gametes
(c) One motile and one non-motilé gametes
(d) Two different non-motile gametes.
Answer:
(d) Two different non-motile gametes.

Question 18.
Cell of Funaria in which reduction division occur, is:
(a) Antheridial cell
(b) Archegonial cell
(c) Gametic cell
(d) Spore mother cell.
Answer:
(d) Spore mother cell.

Question 19.
Algae producing agar-agar is:
(a) Spirogyra and Nostoc
(b) Gracilaria and Gelidium
(d) Rivularia and Ulothrix.
(c) Volvox and Vaucheria
Answer:
(b) Gracilaria and Gelidium

Question 20.
Ulothrix is found in :
(a) Floating freshwater
(b) Floating marine water
(d)Pure marine water.
(c) Pure freshwater
Answer:
(a) Floating freshwater

Question 21.
In Funaria, stomata are found in
(a) Leaves
(b) Stem
(c) Theca
(d) Apophysis.
Answer:
(d) Apophysis.

Question 22.
Gametophyte of Funaria is :
(a) Monoecious
(b) Dioecious
(c) Both (a) and (b)
(d) Heterothallic.
Answer:
(a) Monoecious

Question 23.
In Pteridophytes, meiosis takes place :
(a) Sporogenesis
(b) Gametogenesis
(c) Prothallus formation
(d) Sex organ formation.
Answer:
(a) Sporogenesis

Question 24.
Cell wall of Spirogyra is made up of:
(a) Cellulose
(b) Pectin
(c) Lignin
(d) Chitin.
Answer:
(a) Cellulose

Question 25.
Ribbon like chloroplast is found in :
(a) Ulothrix
(b) Spirogyra
(c) Oedogonium
(d) Marc hantia.
Answer:
(a) Ulothrix

Question 26.
Main stage or dominant stage of bryophyta is :
(a) Gametophyte
(b) Cone Pinus
(c) Spore
(d) Hormogonium.
Answer:
(a) Gametophyte

Question 27.
Pinus species is :
(a) Monoecious
(b) Dioecious
(a) Chlorophyll-a
(c) Chlorophyll-c
Answer:
(b) Dioecious

Question 28.
Pigment found in green plant is:
(a) Chlorophyll-a
(b) Chlorophyll-b
(c) Chlorophyll-c
(d) Chlorophyll-m.
Answer:
(a) Chlorophyll-a

Question 29.
Life cycle of spirogyra is :
(a) Haploid
(b) Diploid
(c) Haplontic
(d) Diplontic.
Answer:
(c) Haplontic

Question 30.
Pinus is:
(a) Deciduous
(b) Dioecious
(c) Monoecious
(d) None of these.
Answer:
(c) Monoecious

Question 31.
In Funaria spore produces :
(a) Primary protonema
(b) Prothallus
(c) Proembryo
(d) Embryo.
Answer:
(a) Primary protonema

Question 32.
Meiotic division takes place in the zygote of :
(a) Selaginella
(b) Spirogyra
(c) Pinus
(d) Equisetum.
Answer:
(b) Spirogyra

Question 33.
In which meiosis does not occur :
(a) Green algae
(b) Fungi
(c) Bacteria
(d) Higher plants.
Answer:
(c) Bacteria

Question 34.
Non-motile gametes are found in:
(a) Spirogyra
(b) Ulothrix
(c) Funaria
(d) None of these.
Answer:
(a) Spirogyra

Question 35.
In Funaria plant stomata are present in :
(a) Foot
(b) Seta
(c) Capsule
(d) Leaf.
Answer:
(c) Capsule

2. Fill in the blanks:

1. The red colour of red algae is due to ………………..
Answer:
Phycoerythrin

2. The ………………… act as soil binders and prevent soil erosion.
Answer:
Mosses

3. The ……………… shoot of Pinus has limited growth.
Answer:
Dwarf

4. Phycology is known as the study of ………………..
Answer:
Algae

5. ………………… is given a nick name of pond scum.
Answer:
Spimgyra

6. Effective independent sporophytes are found in ……………….. group of plants.
Answer:
Tracheophyta

7. ……………….. are called as naked seed plants.
Answer:
Gymnosperms

8. Reproductive organs of ………………… are multicellular.
Answer:
Embryophyta

9. In …………………. polyembryony is found.
Answer:
Cycas

10. Life cycle of Funaria begins from ………………
Answer:
Haploid spore

11. In ………………… vascular tissues are not found.
Answer:
Bryophyta

12. …………………. are called as sea weeds.
Answer:
Brown algae

13. Heart shaped haploid independent structure of pterydophyta is called as …………………..
Answer:
Prothallus

14. In ………………… plants seed develops within the fruit.
Answer:
Angiosperms

15. In two kingdom classification algae and fungi are kept in …………….. group.
Answer:
Thallophyta

16. Algae found in the form of colony of cells is called as ………………….
Answer:
Volvox

17. Spimgyra belongs to class ………………..
Answer:
Chlorophyceae

18. ………………… are amphibian plants.
Answer:
Bryophytes

19.In angiosperms ……………… fertilization occurs.
Answer:
Double

20. Main plant of pterydophyta is ………………………
Answer:
Sporophytic

3. Match the following:

(A)

Column ‘A’	Column ‘B’
1. Pteridophytes	(a) Amphibian plants
2. Naked seed	(b) Not differentiated into root, leaf etc.
3. Bryophytes	(c) First terrestrial plant
4. Thallophytes	(d) Pinus.

Answer:
1. (c) First terrestrial plant
2. (d) Pinus.
3. (a) Amphibian plants
4. (b) Not differentiated into root, leaf etc.

(B)

Column ‘A’	Column ‘B’
1. Kelp	(a) Starch
2. Iodine	(b) Funaria
3. Protonema	(c) Marine algae
4. Pyrenoids	(d) Algae.

Answer:
1. (c) Marine algae
2. (d) Algae.
3. (b) Funaria
4. (a) Starch

(C)

Column ‘A’	Column ‘B’
1. Undeveloped sporophyte	(a) Flowering plants
2. Developed sporophyte	(b) Bryophytes
3. Dependent sporophyte	(c) Non-flowering plants
4. Double fertilization	(d) Thallophyta.

Answer:
1. (d) Thallophyta.
2. (c) Non-flowering plants
3. (b) Bryophytes
4. (a) Flowering plants

(D)

Column ‘A’	Column ‘B’
1. Phycoerythrin	(a) Mycelium
2. Stored food glycogen	(b) Alternation of generation
3. Regular series of gametophyte and sporophyte	(c) Red algae
4. Network of hypha	(d) Bryophyta
5. Autotrophic gametophyte	(e) Fungi.

Answer:
1. (c) Red algae
2. (e) Fungi.
3. (b) Alternation of generation
4. (a) Mycelium
5. (d) Bryophyta

(E)

Column ‘A’	Column ‘B’
1. Chlamydomonas	(a) Musci
2. Cycas	(b) Pterydophyta
3. Selaginella	(c) Algae
4. Sphagnum	(d) Gymnosperms.

Answer:
1. (c) Algae
2. (d) Gymnosperms.
3. (b) Pterydophyta
4. (a) Musci

4. Write true or false:

1. Bryophytes are found in marshy place not in water.
Answer:
False

2. Selaginella is a heterosporous pteridophyte.
Answer:
True

3. Mucor is a saprophytic fungi commonly known as bread mould.
Answer:
True

4. Spirogyra is marine algae also known as marine silk.
Answer:
False

5. Inside the seed of Pinus gerardiana, almond is present.
Answer:
False

5. Answer in one word:

1. The antherozoids of Selaginella are?
Answer:
Biflagellate

2. Ligule is present in the leaves of?
Answer:
Selaginella

3. Peristome is found in the capsule of?
Answer:
Pellia

4. The main plant body of Funaria is?
Answer:
Carposporophytic

5. The development of seed habit is started with?
Answer:
Heterospory